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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Noradrenaline overflow in mouse dentate gyrus following locus coeruleus and natural stimulation: real-time monitoring by in vivo voltammetry (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 95 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The pattern of catecholaminergic innervation of the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus, particularly the relatively dense and selective noradrenergic input, creates favourable conditions for real-time monitoring of noradrenaline (NA) release following stimulation of the locus coeruleus (LC) by in vivo voltammetry. Two electrochemically active species with different temporal characteristics were registered in the DG following electrical stimulation of the LC. Several approaches, including testing of anatomical and pharmacological specificity, coating of microelectrodes with Nafion and use of fast cyclic voltammetry, were used to verify the characteristics of electrochemical responses. The first sharp peak that appeared immediately during stimulation was definitely associated with NA overflow. The second late peak was possibly attributable to ascorbic acid. We examined the characteristics of α-2 adrenoceptor regulation of NA release in the DG, and showed for the first time that noradrenergic terminals resemble dopaminergic terminals in their mechanisms of increasing the refilling rate of the readily releasable pool following stimulation repeated at short intervals. Amperometric registration of NA in the DG was complicated by interference with electrical activity of hippocampus. This interference could be used, after appropriate filtration, for simultaneous recording from the same microelectrode of NA release and electrical activity of the hippocampus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03390.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The solubility of α-synuclein in multiple system atrophy differs from that of dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 76 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Intracellular inclusions containing α-synuclein (αSN) are pathognomonic features of several neurodegenerative disorders. Inclusions occur in oligodendrocytes in multiple system atrophy (MSA) and in neurons in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease (PD). In order to identify disease-associated changes of αSN, this study compared the levels, solubility and molecular weight species of αSN in brain homogenates from MSA, DLB, PD and normal aged controls. In DLB and PD, substantial amounts of detergent-soluble and detergent-insoluble αSN were detected compared with controls in grey matter homogenate. Compared with controls, MSA cases had significantly higher levels of αSN in the detergent-soluble fraction of brain samples from pons and white matter but detergent-insoluble αSN was not detected. There was an inverse correlation between buffered saline-soluble and detergent-soluble levels of αSN in individual MSA cases suggesting a transition towards insolubility in disease. The differences in solubility of αSN between grey and white matter in disease may result from different processing of αSN in neurons compared with oligodendrocytes. Highly insoluble αSN is not involved in the pathogenesis of MSA. It is therefore possible that buffered saline-soluble or detergent-soluble forms of αSN are involved in the pathogenesis of other αSN-related diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00021.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduction of noradrenaline impairs attention and dopamine depletion slows responses in Parkinson’s disease (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 10 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We investigated the role dopamine and noradrenaline in the modulation of attention in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. We observed that PD patients with mild and moderate motor disability did not differ in their attentional accuracy in easy tests, but the severe PD group was slightly disrupted in a more arduous test of attention. Attentional accuracy was not affected by withdrawal of dopaminergic drugs in mild or severe PD patients. The movements of severe PD patients were slower, and withdrawal of dopaminergic drugs aggravated motor slowing more in severe PD patients. Clonidine (0.5 and 2 μg/kg) retarded accuracy of performance in the most difficult attention test in mild PD patients, but had no effect in the severe PD group. Clonidine had no effect on movement times. These data suggest that a defect in noradrenaline release may contribute to the impaired accuracy of attention in severe PD patients and that dopamine may be important for maintaining rapid motor responding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.1998.00145.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chronic nimodipine and acute metrifonate treatment decreases age-related cortical high voltage spindles in rats (1997)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 129 (1997), S. 91-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Key words Chronic nimodipine ; Young verus aged rat ; Metrifonate ; Scopolamine ; Cortical EEG ; Aging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied the effect of nimodipine (1000 ppm mixed in food), an L-type calcium-channel antagonist, administered for 4 months, on the cortical EEG activity in young and aged rats. Nimodipine treatment decreased cortical high voltage spindles (HVSs) in aged rats, but did not prevent the diminution of spontaneous locomotor activity. The threshold dose of metrifonate, a cholinesterase inhibitor, for suppression of HVSs was lower in nimodipine compared to placebo treated aged rats (30 mg/kg versus 60 mg/kg; PO). In young rats, nimodipine did not decrease HVSs, protect from scopolamine (0.1 or 0.8 mg/kg, IP) induced EEG slowing or augment the effect of metrifonate to suppress slow waves induced by scopolamine. The present results suggest that a chronic nimodipine treatment modulates thalamocortical arousal and thereby adds to the therapeutic effects of metrifonate to restore normal cortical electrical arousal in aged rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130050167
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