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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Docosahexaenoic acid provides protection from impairment of learning ability in Alzheimer's disease model rats (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 81 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6, n-3), a major n-3 fatty acid of the brain, has been implicated in restoration and enhancement of memory-related functions. Because Alzheimer's disease impairs memory, and infusion of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide (1–40) into the rat cerebral ventricle reduces learning ability, we investigated the effect of dietary pre-administration of docosahexaenoic acid on avoidance learning ability in Aβ peptide-produced Alzheimer's disease model rats. After a mini-osmotic pump filled with Aβ peptide or vehicle was implanted in docosahexaenoic acid-fed and control rats, they were subjected to an active avoidance task in a shuttle avoidance system apparatus. Pre-administration of docosahexaenoic acid had a profoundly beneficial effect on the decline in avoidance learning ability in the Alzheimer's disease model rats, associated with an increase in the cortico-hippocampal docosahexaenoic acid/arachidonic acid molar ratio, and a decrease in neuronal apoptotic products. Docosahexaenoic acid pre-administration furthermore increased cortico-hippocampal reduced glutathione levels and glutathione reductase activity, and suppressed the increase in lipid peroxide and reactive oxygen species levels in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of the Alzheimer's disease model rats, suggesting an increase in antioxidative defence. Docosahexaenoic acid is thus a possible prophylactic means for preventing the learning deficiencies of Alzheimer's disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00905.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dietary mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) ameliorates atherogenic lipid in hypercholesterolaemic rats (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 30 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The effects of edible oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus on plasma and liver lipid profiles and on the plasma total anti-oxidant status were estimated in hyper- and normocholesterolaemic Long Evans rats.2. The feeding of 5% powder of the fruiting bodies of P. ostreatus mushrooms to hypercholesterolaemic rats reduced their plasma total cholesterol by approximately 28%, low-density lipoprotein–cholesterol by approximately 55%, triglyceride by approximately 34%, non-esterified fatty acid by approximately 30% and total liver cholesterol levels by 〉 34%, with a concurrent increase in plasma high-density lipoprotein–cholesterol concentration of 〉 21%. However, these effects were not observed in mushroom-fed normocholesterolaemic rats.3. Mushroom feeding significantly increased plasma fatty acid unsaturation in both normo- and hypercholesterolaemic rats.4. Plasma total anti-oxidant status, as estimated by the oxidation of 2,2′-azino-bis-[3-ethylbenz-thiazoline-6-sulphonic-acid], was significantly decreased in mushroom-fed hypercholesterolaemic rats, concomitant with a decrease in plasma total cholesterol.5. The present study suggests that 5% P. ostreatus supplementation provides health benefits, at least partially, by acting on the atherogenic lipid profile in the hypercholesterolaemic condition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.2003.03857.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN PLATELET MICROVISCOSITY AND AGGREGATION IN RATS (1999)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 26 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. To study possible changes in platelet microviscosity in aged animals, 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) was used as a non-polar probe embedded in thrice-washed platelets from young, adult and aged rats. With the known values of maximum limiting anisotropy and the structural parameter of DPH and by estimating the steady state of fluorescence anisotropy and the average fluorescence of lifetime, we applied the Perrin equation to calculate the microviscosity.2. We measured platelet aggregation, platelet lipids and platelet polyunsaturated fatty acids to determine any causal relationship between these parameters. Platelet aggregation, the platelet molar ratio of cholesterol to phospholipid ([C]/[PL]) and platelet microviscosity increased with age (P 〈 0.05) and were correlated with one another (P 〈 0.05).3. Age-dependent increases in the steady state of fluorescence anisotropy, order parameters and the short component of fluorescence lifetime of the fluorophore were expressed as functions of variables, such as microviscosity or the [C]/[PL] ratio.4. Platelet concentrations of arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids increased with age, but were not associated with aggregation. Age-related changes in microviscosity and the [C]/[PL] ratio seemed to be determinants affecting biophysical properties of platelet aggregation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.1999.03053.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Hilsa ilisa fish oil on the atherogenic lipid profile and glycaemic status of streptozotocin-treated type 1 diabetic rats (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 31 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The effects of oral administration of Hilsa (Hilsa ilisa) fish oil (1 g oil/kg bodyweight per day) on the lipid profile, platelet aggregation, anti-oxidative status and glycaemic control of streptozotocin (STZ; 90 mg/kg bodyweight)-treated type 1 diabetic rats were compared with those in fish oil-treated or untreated non-diabetic rats.2. After 3 weeks of fish oil feeding, plasma total cholesterol decreased in both the non-diabetic and diabetic rats by 35 and approximately 10%, respectively, and triglyceride fell by 69 and 20%, respectively, compared with control rats.3. Fish oil feeding decreased non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) by 29% in diabetic rats but the NEFA level in non-diabetic rats was unaffected.4. In non-diabetic and diabetic rats, platelet aggregation decreased by 49 and 37%, respectively, and total anti-oxidant status increased by 18 and 17%, respectively, after fish oil feeding.5. Insulin levels increased by 27% in the fish oil-fed non-diabetic rats, whereas insulin levels were markedly decreased in diabetic rats. Glucose levels were not altered at all and fructosamine levels decreased by 29% only in fish oil-fed diabetic rats.6. The results of the present study suggest that Hilsa ilisa fish oil may ameliorate the atherogenic lipid profile, platelet hyperaggregation and the anti-oxidative defence of STZ-diabetic rats and the amelioration is thought to be independent of the effects of Hilsa on glycaemic control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.2004.03953.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improvement of spatial cognition with dietary docosahexaenoic acid is associated with an increase in Fos expression in rat CA1 hippocampus (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 31 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Twenty 5-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: one group was fed a fish oil-deficient diet and the other group was fed the same diet supplemented with per orally administered docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for 12 weeks.2. Six weeks after the start of the administration of DHA, rats were trained for 6 weeks to acquire a reward at the end of each of four arms of an eight-arm radial maze. On completion of the radial maze task, the Fos expression in the hippocampus was examined immunohistochemically.3. Chronic DHA administration significantly reduced the number of reference and working memory errors. The number of Fos-positive neurons in the CA1 hippocampus significantly increased in DHA-treated rats compared with control rats, demonstrating a statistically significant negative correlation with the number of reference memory errors.4. These results suggest that the DHA-induced improvement in spatial cognition is associated with increased Fos expression in the CA1 hippocampus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.2004.04068.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN AORTIC SENSITIVITY TO NORADRENALINE AND ACETYLCHOLINE IN RATS (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 25 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between plasma and tissue lipid levels and the effects of age on vascular responses to noradrenaline (NA) and acetylcholine (ACh).2. Studies were performed in young and aged rats and the response of endothelium-intact and -denuded aortic rings to NA and to ACh was measured. The plasma concentration of cholesterol (total, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)) and 17β-oestradiol was determined, as was the aortic tissue content of phospholipids, cGMP and cholesterol (total, free and esterified).3. Levels of all types of cholesterol in plasma and aorta increased with age; cholesterol levels in plasma correlated with those in the aorta; levels of phospholipid in the aorta did not increase with age but correlated with those of LDL cholesterol in plasma; levels of 17β-oestradiol did not change, but those of cGMP increased with age.4. In endothelium-intact rings, the maximum tension developed by exposure to NA did not change, but the EC50 of NA increased with age and correlated with total cholesterol in the plasma and with the levels of all types of cholesterol in the aorta. In rings precontracted with NA, age decreased the maximum relaxation induced by ACh. The EC50 of ACh decreased with age and was inversely correlated with levels of cholesterol in the plasma and aorta. Treatment with NA increased cGMP levels in aged rats. Removal of the endothelium abolished the response to ACh and heightened the sensitivity to NA in young and aged rats.5. Aortic endothelial cells seem to inhibit amine-induced contraction, while age-related changes in the levels of cholesterol in aortic tissue affect the sensitivity of the tissue to NA and ACh.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1998.tb02275.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chronic Administration Of Docosahexaenoic Acid Improves The Performance Of Radial Arm Maze Task In Aged Rats (2001)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 28 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. In the present study, we investigated the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on spatial memory related learning ability in aged (100 weeks) male Wistar rats.2. Rats were fed a fish oil-deficient diet through three generations and were then randomly divided into two groups. Over 10 weeks, one group was per orally administered 300 mg/kg per day DHA dissolved in 5% gum Arabic solution and the other group was administered the vehicle alone. Five weeks after the start of the administration, rats were tested with the partially baited eight-arm radial maze to estimate two types of spatial memory related learning ability displayed by reference memory error and working memory error.3. Chronic administration of DHA significantly decreased the number of reference memory errors and working memory errors.4. The level of lipid peroxide (LPO) in the hippocampus tended to decrease with chronic DHA administration and demonstrated a positive correlation with the number of reference memory errors.5. These results suggest that the accumulation of hippocampal LPO reduces spatial memory related learning ability in aged rats. Moreover, chronic administration of DHA was effective in decreasing the level of hippocampal LPO, then improving learning ability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.2001.03437.x
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