Keywords:
Conservation biology.
;
Electronic books.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (299 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9789401773959
Series Statement:
Ecological Studies ; v.224
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=4095858
DDC:
579.51785
Language:
English
Note:
Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Mycorrhiza Specificity: Its Role in the Development and Function of Common Mycelial Networks -- Abstract -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 The Lexicon -- 1.2.1 Symbiosis -- 1.2.2 Mutualism -- 1.2.3 Fitness -- 1.2.4 Mycorrhiza Specificity -- 1.2.5 Mycorrhiza Compatibility -- 1.2.6 Degree of Mycorrhiza Specificity -- 1.2.7 Symbiont Fidelity to a Mycorrhiza Type -- 1.2.8 Ecological Specificity -- 1.2.9 Host Preference and Selectivity -- 1.2.10 Host Shift -- 1.3 Ecological Specificity and Host Preference -- 1.3.1 Host Preference -- 1.4 Influence of Mycorrhiza Specificity on Plant Community Dynamics and Ecosystem Resiliency -- 1.4.1 Arbutoid Mycorrhizal Legacies in Secondary Succession -- 1.4.2 Other Examples of Potential Facilitation in Plant Community Dynamics -- 1.4.3 Primary Succession -- 1.4.4 Potential Exceptions to Facilitation -- 1.4.5 Potential for Long-Term EM Legacies to Affect Plant Migration During Climate Change -- 1.4.6 Evolutionary Processes in Specificity Phenomena -- 1.5 Summary and Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 2 Functional Significance of Anastomosis in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Networks -- Abstract -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Structure of Mycorrhizal Networks -- 2.3 Cytology of Anastomosis Formation -- 2.4 Vegetative Compatibility and Incompatibility in Anastomosing Hyphae -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 3 The Importance of Ectomycorrhizal Networks for Nutrient Retention and Carbon Sequestration in Forest Ecosystems -- Abstract -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Methods to Study Production of EMF in the Field -- 3.2.1 Observational Methods -- 3.2.2 Mesh Bags -- 3.2.3 Exploration Types -- 3.3 Regulation of EM Growth by C Supplied from the Host Trees -- 3.3.1 Tree Growth -- 3.3.2 Tree Age -- 3.3.3 Seasonality -- 3.3.4 Elevated CO2 -- 3.3.5 Herbivory.
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3.4 How Nutrient Availability Influence C Allocation and EMM Growth -- 3.4.1 Nitrogen -- 3.4.2 Phosphorus -- 3.4.3 Other Nutrients -- 3.5 Ecological Consequences of Altered EMM Production -- 3.5.1 Nitrogen Leaching -- 3.5.2 The Importance of EMM for C Sequestration -- 3.6 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 4 Nutrient Dynamics in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Networks -- Abstract -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Nutrient Transport and Exchange in Extraradical Mycelium of Solitary Plants -- 4.3 Formation of CMNs and C--P Exchange in a Multiple Partner Setting -- 4.4 Interplant Nutrient Transfer -- 4.5 Sharing of EM Nutrients Between CMN Plants of Different Age -- 4.5.1 Suppressed or Enhanced Seedling Growth -- 4.5.2 Mechanisms Regulating CMN Effects on Plants -- 4.6 Intra- and Interspecific Competition Between Plants of Similar Age -- 4.7 Role of CMN in Non-nutritional Transport Processes -- 4.8 Conclusions, Perspectives and Research Needs -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 5 Resource Transfer Between Plants Through Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Networks -- Abstract -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Pathways and Mechanisms -- 5.2.1 Pathways -- 5.2.2 Mechanisms -- 5.2.3 Carbon and Nutrients -- 5.2.4 Water -- 5.2.5 Regulating Cheating -- 5.3 Magnitude, Fate and Importance of C, Nutrient or H2O Transfers -- 5.3.1 Carbon -- 5.3.2 Nitrogen -- 5.3.3 Phosphorus -- 5.3.4 Water -- 5.4 Experimental Designs for Mycorrhizal Network Studies in the Field -- 5.5 Resource Transfers and Complexity Models -- 5.6 Conclusions and Future Directions -- References -- 6 The Role of Ectomycorrhizal Networks in Seedling Establishment and Primary Succession -- Abstract -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.1.1 Primary Successional Sites for ECM Network Research -- 6.1.2 Species and Size of ECM Networks in Primary Succession.
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6.1.3 ECM Networks and Conspecific Seedling Establishment During Primary Succession -- 6.1.4 ECM Networks Mediate Primary Succession of Trees -- 6.1.5 Network Versus Nonnetwork ECM Fungal Infection for Seedling Establishment in Primary Succession -- 6.1.6 Mechanisms of Facilitated Seedling Establishment via ECM Networks in Primary Succession: Verification of Previous and New Models -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 7 Facilitation and Antagonism in Mycorrhizal Networks -- Abstract -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Facilitation -- 7.2.1 Functional Complementarity in AM Fungal Communities -- 7.2.2 Spatial and Temporal Niche Segregation as a Mode of Complementarity -- 7.2.3 Facilitation Through Mediating Plant---Plant Interactions -- 7.2.4 AM Fungi as a Support Network for Plants? -- 7.3 Antagonism -- 7.3.1 Plants at the Losing End of Resource Exchange -- 7.3.2 AM Mediated Plant---Plant and Plant---AM Fungal Competition -- 7.3.3 AM Fungal Allelopathy and Activation of Defence Responses -- 7.4 Concluding Remarks and Future Considerations -- References -- 8 Interspecific Mycorrhizal Networks and Non-networking Hosts: Exploring the Ecology of the Host Genus Alnus -- Abstract -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Documenting the Alnus ECM Specificity Pattern -- 8.3 Could the Alnus ECM Specificity Pattern Be an Artifact? -- 8.4 Why or Why not Participate in CMNs? -- 8.5 Establishment and Maintenance of the Alnus-ECM Fungus Specificity Pattern -- 8.5.1 Alnus-ECM Fungus Specificity: Signaling and Sanctioning Hypothesis -- 8.5.2 Alnus-ECM Fungus Specificity: Interspecific Competition Hypothesis -- 8.5.3 Alnus-ECM Fungus Specificity: Soil Chemistry Hypothesis -- 8.5.4 Alnus-ECM Fungus Specificity: Host Metabolic Hypothesis -- 8.5.5 Alnus-ECM Fungus Specificity: A Host-Fungus Reward System Based on Nitrogen? -- 8.6 Future Research Directions -- Acknowledgments -- References.
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9 Experimentally Testing Effects of Mycorrhizal Networks on Plant-Plant Interactions and Distinguishing Among Mechanisms -- Abstract -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.1.1 Mechanisms Are Central to the Debate -- 9.1.2 Density Effects and Plant-Soil Feedbacks: General Phenomena that Make CMNs Irrelevant? -- 9.1.3 Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Water Flow Through CMNs -- 9.1.4 Experimental Tests of CMN Effects on Plant-Plant Interactions -- 9.1.5 What Do Results of Previous Field, Laboratory, and Other CMN Studies Tell Us? -- 9.2 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Subject Index -- Taxonomic Index.
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