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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words Chimera ; Donor-host compatibility ; Embryonic stem cell ; Medaka ; Pigmentation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Embryonic stem (ES) cells from early vertebrate embryos only rarely retain their full developmental potential under in vitro culture conditions, but undergo differentiation and lose their ability for chimeric embryogenesis. This is reflected by the fact that the ES cell technology to date could only be fully developed in mice. In the fish Oryzias latipes, the medaka, one ES-like cell line, MES1, has been established which gives rise to a high frequency of somatic chimeras but a low degree of chimerism. Here we have tested the effect of donor genotype and cultivation time on the efficiency of cell culture derivation and on chimera formation. The HB12A, HB32C and HNI strains of medaka most efficiently and reproducibly give rise to blastula-derived cell cultures that produce pigmented chimeras in albino hosts. Seven chimeras grew to male or female adults with normal fertility, although none of them showed obvious donor germline contribution. During prolonged in vitro propagation the frequency of chimeras and the degree of chimerism dropped to a value retained in the long-term cultured MES1 cells. Obviously, genetic factors in host/donor compatibility and physiological changes during prolonged in vitro culture may compromise, but do not abolish, the developmental potential of medaka ES-like cells. Thus, elucidation of conditions that will expand the developmental potential of medaka blastula cell cultures should lead to a further improvement towards establishment of the ES cell technology in medaka.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 11 (1993), S. 345-352 
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: growth hormone gene ; all-fish genes ; transgenic fish ; cell line transfection ; Sparus aurata
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract In order to develop all-fish expression vectors for microinjection into fertilized fish eggs, we have prepared the following constructs: rainbow trout metallothionein a/b and the gilthead seabream growth hormone cDNA (ptMTa-gbsGHcDNA, ptMTb-gsbGHcDNA), carp β-actin gilthead seabream GH cDNA (pcAβ-gsbGHcDNA). The inducible metallothionein promoters a and b were cloned from rainbow trout, and the constitutive promoter β-actin was isolated from carp. The metallothionein promoters were cloned by using the PCR technique. The tMTa contains 430 bp, while the tMTb contains 260 bp (Hong et al. 1992). These two promoters were introduced to pGEM-3Z containing the GH cDNA of Sparus aurata to form ptMTa-gsbGH and ptMTb-gsbGH, respectively. The carp cytoplasmic β-actin gene was chosen as a source for isolating strong constitutive regulatory sequences. One of these regulatory sequences in pUC118 was ligated to GH cDNA of S. aurata to form the pcAβ-gsbGHcDNA. Expression of the constructs containing the metallothionein promoters was tested in fish cell culture and was found to be induced effectively by zinc. The ptMTa gsb-GH cDNA construct was microinjected into fertilized carp eggs, and integration in the genome of carp was detected in the DNA isolated from fins at the age of two months.
    Notes: Résumé Afin de développer des vecteurs d'expression de poisson, entièrement homologues, destinés aux microinjections dans des oeufs fertilisés, les constructions suivantes ont été préparées: promoteurs de la metallothionine, a ou b, de truite arc-en-ciel d'une part, et promoteur de l'actine β de carpe d'autre part, associés à l'ADNc de l'hormone de croissance de daurade royale (ptMTa-gsbGH cDNA, ptMTb-gsbGH cDNA, et pcAβ-gsbGH cDNA). Les promoteurs de la metallothionine ont été clonés en utilisant la technique de la RCP. La tMTa comprend 430 pb. tandis que la tMTb en comprend 260 (Hong et al. 1992). Ces deux promoteurs ont été insérés dans pGEM-3Z qui contenait l'ADNc de GH de Sparus aurata, pour former, respectivement, ptMTa-gsbGH et ptMTb-gsbGH. Le gène de l'actine cytoplasmique β de carpe été choisi comme source d'isolement de séquences régulatrices fortement constitutives. Une de ces séquences régulatrices a été liguée à l'ADNc de GH de S. aurata dans pUC118, pour réaliser la construction pcAβ-gsbGH cDNA. L'expression des constructions contenant les promoteurs de la metallothionine a été tentée dans des cultures de cellules de poisson, où elle a été effectivement induite par le zinc. La construction ptMTa-gsbGH cDNA a été microinjectée dans des oeufs fertilisés de carpe. Son intégration dans le génome de carpe a pu être détectée dans l'ADN isolé à partir de nageoires d'animaux agés de 2 mois.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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