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Online-Ressource

An atlas of carboniferous basin evolution in Northern England (2003)

Fraser, A. J.

London : The Geological Society

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Schlagwort(e): Basins (Geology) England, Northern ; Geology, Stratigraphic Carboniferous ; Atlas ; England Nord ; Karbon ; Becken ; Beckensediment ; Stratigraphie ; Geologie ; Reflexionsseismik ; Seismische Stratigraphie ; Sedimentationsbecken ; Sedimentation ; Paläogeografie ; England Nord ; Karbon ; Becken ; Beckensediment ; Stratigraphie ; Reflexionsseismik ; Seismische Stratigraphie ; Sedimentationsbecken ; Sedimentation

Materialart: Online-Ressource

Seiten: V, 79 S. , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. , 30 x 42cm

Ausgabe: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: S., MB/KB)

Serie: Geological Society memoir 28

URL: http://mem.lyellcollection.org/content/28/1.toc

DDC: 551.4409427

RVK:

TP 5665

Sprache: Englisch

Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index

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Digitale Medien

Normal faulting as a control on the stratigraphic development of shallow marine syn-rift sequences: the Nukhul and Lower Rudeis Formations, Hammam Faraun fault block, Suez Rift, Egypt (2005)

JACKSON, C. A. L. ; GAWTHORPE, R. L. ; CARR, I. D. ; [weitere]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

Sedimentology 52 (2005), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-3091

Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie

Notizen: Tectono-stratigraphic analysis of the East Tanka fault zone (ETFZ), Suez Rift, indicates that the evolution of normal fault segments was an important control on syn-rift depositional patterns and sequence stratigraphy. Sedimentological and stratigraphic analysis of the Nukhul Formation indicates that it was deposited in a narrow (ca 1–2 km), elongate (ca 5 km), fault-bounded, tidally influenced embayment during the low subsidence rift-initiation phase. The Nukhul Formation is composed of transgressive (TST) and highstand (HST) systems tract couplets interpreted as reflecting fault-driven subsidence and the continuous creation of accommodation in the hangingwall to the ETFZ. The overlying Lower Rudeis Formation was deposited during the high subsidence rift-climax phase, and is composed of forced regressive systems tract (FRST) shallow marine sandbodies, and TST to HST offshore mudstones. Activity on the ETFZ led to marked spatial variability in stratal stacking patterns, systems tracts and key stratal surfaces, as footwall uplift, coupled with regressive marine erosion during deposition of FRST sandbodies, led to the removal of intervening TST–HST mudstone-dominated units, and the amalgamation of FRST sandbodies and the stratal surfaces bounding these units in the footwall. This study indicates that the evolution of normal fault segments over relatively short (i.e. 〈1 km) length-scales has the potential to enhance or suppress a eustatic sea-level signal, leading to marked spatial variations in stratal stacking patterns, systems tracts and key stratal surfaces. Crucially, these variations in sequence stratigraphic evolution may occur within time-equivalent stratal units, thus caution must be exercised when attempting to correlate syn-rift depositional units based solely on stratal stacking patterns. Furthermore, local, tectonically controlled variations in relative sea level can give rise to syn-rift stacking patterns which are counterintuitive in the context of the structural setting and perceived regional subsidence rates.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.2005.00699.x

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Fault-controlled dolomitization in a rift basin (2017)

Hollis, C., Bastesen, E., Boyce, A., Corlett, H., Gawthorpe, R., Hirani, J., Rotevatn, A., Whitaker, F.

Geological Society of America (GSA)

In: Geology

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Publikationsdatum: 2017-02-23

Beschreibung: There are numerous examples of fault-controlled, so-called hydrothermal dolomite (HTD), many of which host economic mineral deposits or hydrocarbons, but there remains a lack of consensus as to how they form. In particular, multiple phases of diagenetic overprinting can obscure geochemical fingerprints. Study of a Cenozoic succession with a relatively simple burial history here provides new insights into the development of differentially dolomitized beds. The Hammam Faraun fault (HFF) block within the Suez Rift, Egypt, hosts both massive and stratabound dolostone bodies. Non-fabric-selective massive dolostone is limited to the damage zone of the fault, while fabric-selective stratabound dolostone bodies penetrate nearly 2 km into the footwall. Oligo-Miocene seawater is interpreted to have been drawn down discrete faults into a deep aquifer and convected upwards along the HFF. Escape of fluids from the incipient HFF into the lower Thebes Formation led to differential, stratabound dolomitization. Once the HFF breached the surface, fluid circulation focused along the fault plane to form younger, massive dolostone bodies. This study provides a snapshot of dolomitization during the earliest phases of extension, unobscured by subsequent recrystallization and geochemical modification. Contrary to many models, stratabound dolomitization preceded non-stratabound dolomitization. Fluids were hydrothermal, but with little evidence for rapid cooling and brecciation common to many HTD bodies. These results suggest that many of the features used to interpret and predict the geometry of HTD in the subsurface form during later phases of structural deformation, perhaps overprinting less structurally complex dolomite bodies.

Print ISSN: 0091-7613

Digitale ISSN: 1943-2682

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie

Publiziert von Geological Society of America (GSA)

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A "Great Deepening": Chronology of rift climax, Corinth rift, Greece (2012)

Leeder, M. R., Mark, D. F., Gawthorpe, R. L., Kranis, H., Loveless, S., Pedentchouk, N., Skourtsos, E., Turner, J., Andrews, J. E., Stamatakis, M.

Geological Society of America (GSA)

In: Geology

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Publikationsdatum: 2012-11-01

Beschreibung: Continental rift deposits contain critical clues concerning the evolution of extensional tectonics, yet such evidence is often obscure due to poor geochronology, burial by younger deposits, or later tectonic overprinting. We revisit Corinth rift development, which began as distributed extension created synrift depocenters with rivers flowing into shallow (〈50 m) lakes. Subsequent focused deformation initiated a "Great Deepening" event, evidenced by fan deltas prograding into 300–600-m-deep water. A chronology is provided for the event from 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating of the Xylocastro ash by single-crystal CO 2 laser fusion, yielding a precise age of 2.550 ± 0.007 Ma (1, full error propagation). Sedimentological data indicate that the ash-bearing sediments were deposited as turbidites and hemipelagites on sublacustrine fans fed from the Mavro fan delta at the faulted south-central rift margin. The ash age and turbidite provenance data enable stratigraphic constraints for an estimate of central rift climax occurring between 3.2 and 3.0 Ma. This is some 0.8–1.0 m.y. earlier than radioisotopic- and magnetostratigraphic-constrained estimates for the eastern Corinth rift. Central rift climax was probably triggered by initial counterclockwise rotation of the Peloponnesus block with respect to central Greece. The rotation pole of this block subsequently migrated to its present position as rift climax moved eastward in an "unzipping" action, with the southern active margin also migrating northward. These events are unlikely to be due to local or regional fault kinematics, but rather to the consequences of deep-seated interactions between the rapidly southward-moving Aegean continental forearc and the slowly northward-subducting African oceanic plate. A possible scenario involves forearc "pushback" with décollement on a low-angle subducting lower plate. This causes acceleration and counterclockwise rotation of Peloponnesus with respect to central Greece and strain localization across the boundary; the Corinth rift.

Print ISSN: 0091-7613

Digitale ISSN: 1943-2682

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie

Publiziert von Geological Society of America (GSA)

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Submarine slope processes in rift-margin basins, Miocene Suez Rift, Egypt (2013)

Strachan, L. J., Rarity, F., Gawthorpe, R. L., Wilson, P., Sharp, I., Hodgetts, D.

Geological Society of America (GSA)

In: GSA Bulletin

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Publikationsdatum: 2013-01-03

Beschreibung: New, high-resolution lithofacies data from hanging-wall Miocene synrift (Rudeis Formation) exposures of the eastern Suez Rift margin, Egypt, reveal a submarine slope depositional system dominated by coarse-grained (pebble), heterogeneous, lenticular beds, formed by coalescing turbidity currents, slumps, and debris flows deposited on deforming submarine substrate. Flows include prerift clasts and contemporaneous shallow-marine fossil fragments originating from an uplifted eastern hinterland. Multiple terrestrial drainages debouched onto faulted offshore slopes or fed small fan deltas on narrow shelves (〈0.5 km width). Steep, subaerial rift-flank topography also shed rock avalanche and landslide material offshore. The 〉360 m Rudeis Formation is divided into stratigraphic units R1 and R2, which exhibit upward-coarsening and unordered vertical motifs. Ongoing faulting influenced synrift deposition by controlling the locus of subsidence and gravity base level. Mesoscale faults became inactive during Rudeis Formation times, with strain localized on the large rift border fault system, leading to a wider basin with time. We compare 16 subaqueous rift-margin basin fills from various tectonic and geographic settings and show they generally represent proximal gravity-flow deposits dominated by nongraded beds. We find little commonality in vertical grain-size trends, highlighting the diversity of stratal architectures. Most basin fills show an inverse relationship between maximum clast size and shelf width. We propose a new model to capture the spectrum of sedimentary responses to rifting within rift-margin basins, varying as a function of shelf width, slope gradient, maximum grain size, and textural maturity. Rudeis Formation strata at north Wadi Baba represent a particularly coarse-grained end member, deposited on steep slopes, with a narrow shelf.

Print ISSN: 0016-7606

Digitale ISSN: 1943-2674

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie

Publiziert von Geological Society of America (GSA)

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Spatial and Temporal Changes In Geometries of Fluvial Channel Bodies From the Triassic Snadd Formation of Offshore Norway (2014)

Klausen, T. G., Ryseth, A. E., Helland-Hansen, W., Gawthorpe, R., Laursen, I.

Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM)

In: Journal of Sedimentary Research

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-07-17

Beschreibung: A bstract : During the Triassic, the Barents Sea Basin was gradually filled by a low-gradient prograding alluvial to deltaic plain, sourced from the Ural and Caledonian mountain belts in the southeast and stretching over 1000 km to Spitsbergen in the north. Progradation was made possible by high sediment yield and large trunk river systems on the scale of modern continental drainage systems. Analysis of six 3D seismic volumes from the southwest Barents Sea samples the Middle to Late Triassic Snadd Formation at various locations along an oblique depositional dip profile. By investigating spatial variability and stratigraphic evolution, this study reveals a variety of fluvial seismic geomorphological features, including point-bar systems and ribbon channel sandstone bodies. The fluvial part of the Snadd Formation is dominated by channel bodies up to 20 km wide that decrease in size to hundreds of meters over a distance of 300 km in a proximal–distal direction. There is a significant change in channel body geometries towards the top of the formation, with a decrease in maximum width from 20 to 5 km and maximum thickness from 58 to 40 m. In addition, there is an upward decrease in the channel-to-overbank ratio, and more elongated sandstone bodies have been identified in the upper part of the formation. Temporal changes are interpreted to reflect an allogenic response to changes in the hinterland, whereas spatial changes were governed by autogenic processes. This new regional understanding of the fluvial succession of the Snadd Formation provides insight into the architecture of ancient large-scale fluvial systems.

Print ISSN: 1527-1404

Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie

Publiziert von Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM)

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Digital image correlation data from analogue modeling experiments addressing mechanisms of overprinting transnational domains in passive margin salt basins (2019)

Ge, Z. ; Rosenau, M. ; Warsitzka, M. ; [weitere]

GFZ Data Services

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Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12

Sprache: Englisch

Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper

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Progressive tilting of salt-bearing continental margins controls thin-skinned deformation (2019)

Ge, Z. ; Warsitzka, M. ; Rosenau, M. ; [weitere]

In: Geology

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Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-12

Beschreibung: As a primary driving force, margin tilting is crucial for gravity-driven thin-skinned salt tectonics. We investigated how instant versus progressive margin tilting mechanisms influence salt tectonics using an analogue modeling setup where tilting rate could be controlled. Instant tilting resulted in initially high deformation rates, triggering widely distributed upslope extension and downslope contraction. Later, both the extensional and contractional domains migrated upslope as early extensional structures were successively deactivated, while deformation rates decreased exponentially. In contrast, progressive tilting led to downslope migration of the extensional domain by sequentially formed, long-lived normal faults. Contraction localized on a few, long-lived thrusts before migrating upslope. We attribute the distinct structural evolution of thin-skinned deformation, especially in the extensional domain, in the two tilting scenarios mainly to mechanical coupling between the brittle overburden and underlying viscous material. The coupling effect in turn is largely controlled by the deformation rate. By demonstrating the spatiotemporal variations of structural style and kinematic evolution associated with instant versus progressive tilting, we suggest that such variation is identifiable in nature and therefore can provide a new way to analyze margin tilting histories.

Sprache: Englisch

Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article

Format: application/pdf

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