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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Milton :Taylor & Francis Group,
    Keywords: Surface waves (Seismology) - Analysis. ; Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: This book provides a unified treatment of surface wave propagation, signal processing, inverse theory, and the testing protocols that form the basis of modern surface wave methods. The use of these tests has increased dramatically since the 1980s, but they are too often performed and interpreted in a variety of ways that are confusing. This book answers the pressing need for a guide to the basic principles as well as outlining a set of reliable, dependable, and accepted practices.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (482 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781136458668
    DDC: 551.22028/7
    Language: English
    Note: Front Cover -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Authors -- Chapter 1: Overview of surface wave methods -- Chapter 2: Linear wave propagation in vertically inhomogeneous continua -- Chapter 3: Measurement of surface waves -- Chapter 4: Dispersion analysis -- Chapter 5: Attenuation analysis -- Chapter 6: Inversion -- Chapter 7: Case histories -- Chapter 8: Advanced surface wave methods -- References -- Back Cover.
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  • 2
    Book
    Book
    Boca Raton, Fla. [u.a.] : CRC Press/Spon Press
    Keywords: Surface waves (Seismology) Analysis ; Seismic waves Speed ; Inversion (Geophysics) ; Earthquake engineering ; Seismische Welle
    Description / Table of Contents: "Surface wave methods analysis the dispersive nature of surface wave propagation in heterogeneous media to measure shear wave velocity or material damping ratio profiles, and enable earthquake site response to be assessed. This is the only comprehensive reference that provides a unified treatment of surface wave propagation, signal processing, inverse theory and the testing protocols that form the basis of modern surface wave methods. The use of these tests has increased dramatically since the 1980s, but they are too often performed and interpreted in a variety of ways that are confusing. This book answers the pressing need for a guide to the basic principles as well as outlining a set of reliable, dependable and accepted practices. It is written for geotechnical engineers, engineering seismologists and geophysicists as well as academics in these fields"--
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: XX, 467 S. , Ill., graph. Darst. , 24 cm
    ISBN: 9780415678766
    DDC: 551.22028/7
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Note: Version date: 20140508. - Includes bibliographical references and index , Authors: Sebastiano Foti (Politecnico di Torino, Italy), Carlo G. Lai (University of Pavia, Italy); Glenn J. Rix (Geosyntec Consultants Inc., Atlanta, GA, USA); Claudio Strobbia (Total, Pau, France)
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-02-23
    Description: The investigation of soil response to dynamic loads is necessary to predict site-specific seismic hazard. This paper presents the results of cyclic and dynamic laboratory tests carried out after the 2016–2017 Central Italy Earthquake sequence, within the framework of the seismic microzonation studies of the most damaged municipalities in the area. The database consists of 79 samples investigated by means of dynamic resonant column tests, cyclic torsional shear tests or cyclic direct simple shear tests. Results are firstly analysed in terms of field and laboratory values of small-strain shear wave velocity, highlighting the influence of the sample disturbance and of the mean effective consolidation pressure. The cyclic threshold shear strains as a function of plasticity index are then compared with findings from the published literature and the outliers are analysed. Subsequently, the dynamic soil behaviour is investigated with reference to the small-strain damping ratio. Differences between results from different tests are analysed in the light of the loading frequencies. Finally, the database is used to develop a predictive model for soil nonlinear curves according to plasticity index, mean effective confining stress, and loading frequency. The model represents a useful tool to predict the nonlinear stress–strain behaviour of Central Italy soils, necessary to perform site-specific ground response analyses.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5503–5531
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2020-12-15
    Description: The paper reports about the in-situ and laboratory tests executed in the aftermath of the April 6, 2009 L’Aquila earthquake, aimed at contributing to the definition of geotechnical models for site response analyses in the Aterno valley. The investigation started immediately after the earthquake and was entrusted by the Civil Protection Department to different public institutions and private companies; the experimental activities here reported were coordinated by the Italian Geotechnical Society. In the paper, after briefly depicting the geological setting of the L’Aquila basin and the Aterno river valley, an overview of their subsoil conditions is given, based on the geotechnical tests executed before the 2009 earthquake. Thereafter, the specific investigations planned for the characterization of reconstruction sites and seismic microzonation are widely described. The in situ tests consisted of seismic dilatometer and multi-receiver surface wave tests; the resulting shear wave velocity profiles were compared each other, and against independent Down-Hole tests and ambient noise measurements. The laboratory investigation included cyclic/dynamic simple/torsional shear tests on undisturbed samples. The results, summarized in terms of variation of stiffness and damping with shear strain, highlighted some peculiar properties of the soils in the Aterno valley, which could be related to their index properties.
    Description: Published
    Description: 20-40
    Description: 4T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-04-10
    Description: A blast-induced liquefaction test was conducted in the surroundings of Mirabello (NE Italy), where extensive liquefaction phenomena were observed after the 2012 Emilia earthquake. This experiment is the first blast-induced liquefaction test carried out in Italy. Several geophysical investigations were performed at the site to define initial soil condition and to evaluate the variations of the geophysical parameters over time. Specifically compressional (VP) and shear (VS) wave velocities were measured using both invasive (down-hole) and non-invasive (surface wave) tests. Electric Resistivity Tomography (ERT) tests were also carried out. Tests results before and after the blast-induced liquefaction are here presented and discussed with respect to the observed liquefaction effects. The evolution of measured geophysical parameters suggests that the soil modifications due to blasting (i.e., changes in porosity and soil structure) can be imaged with the adopted approaches.
    Description: Published
    Description: 319-333
    Description: 1TR. Georisorse
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2021-09-08
    Description: Soil liquefaction can result in significant settlement and reduction of load-bearing capacity. Moreover, the generation of pore pressure during an earthquake and its post-seismic dissipation can generate permanent deformations and settlements. The quantitative evaluation of post-liquefaction settlements is of extreme importance for engineering purposes, i.e. for earthquake-resistant design of new buildings and safety evaluation of existing ones. Quantifying the extent of these phenomena is, however, rather difficult. Uncertainties arise from the stochastic nature of the earthquake loading, from the simplifications of soil models, and from the difficulty in establishing correlations between the pre-earthquake soil state and the post-seismic deformations. Field scale liquefaction tests, under controlled conditions, are therefore important for a correct quantification of these phenomena. Recent experiences (e.g. New Zealand, United States) show that liquefaction can be induced and monitored with field scale blast tests to study the related effects on soil geotechnical properties. Within this framework this paper introduces the preliminary results obtained from a research project on blast-induced liquefaction at field scale. Tests were performed at a trial site located in Mirabello (Ferrara, Italy), a village strongly affected by liquefaction phenomena during the 2012 Emilia Romagna earthquake. Invasive tests, such as piezocone, seismic dilatometer and down-hole tests, and non-invasive tests were carried out before and after the execution of two blast test sequences to study the variation in physical properties of the soils. Pore pressure transducers, settlement profilometers and accelerometers were installed with the objective of measuring, during and after the detonations, the generation and subsequent dissipation of the pore pressure, the vertical deformations, and the blast-induced ground motions respectively. Variations in load distribution on deep foundations due to soil liquefaction were also evaluated on a test micropile instrumented with a strain gauge array. Topographical surveys were carried out to measure ground surface settlements. Laboratory tests and trenches also provided increased understanding of the site characteristics.
    Description: Published
    Description: S0556
    Description: 4T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: 5T. Modelli di pericolosità sismica e da maremoto
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2021-11-29
    Description: In this paper the site categorization criteria and the corresponding site amplification factors proposed in the 2021 draft of Part 1 of Eurocode 8 (2021-draft, CEN/TC250/SC8 Working Draft N1017) are first introduced and compared with the current version of Eurocode 8, as well as with site amplification factors from recent empirical ground motion prediction equations. Afterwards, these values are checked by two approaches. First, a wide dataset of strong motion records is built, where recording stations are classified according to 2021-draft, and the spectral amplifications are empirically estimated computing the site-to-site residuals from regional and global ground motion models for reference rock conditions. Second, a comprehensive parametric numerical study of one-dimensional (1D) site amplification is carried out, based on randomly generated shear-wave velocity profiles, classified according to the new criteria. A reasonably good agreement is found by both approaches. The most relevant discrepancies occur for the shallow soft soil conditions (soil category E) that, owing to the complex interaction of shear wave velocity, soil deposit thickness and frequency range of the excitation, show the largest scatter both in terms of records and of 1D numerical simulations. Furthermore, 1D numerical simulations for soft soil conditions tend to provide lower site amplification factors than 2021-draft, as well as lower than the corresponding site-to-site residuals from records, because of higher impact of non-linear (NL) site effects in the simulations. A site-specific study on NL effects at three KiK-net stations with a significantly large amount of high-intensity recorded ground motions gives support to the 2021-draft NL reduction factors, although the very limited number of recording stations allowing such analysis prevents deriving more general implications. In the presence of such controversial arguments, it is reasonable that a standard should adopt a prudent solution, with a limited reduction of the site amplification factors to account for NL soil response, while leaving the possibility to carry out site-specific estimations of such factors when sufficient information is available to model the ground strain dependency of local soil properties.
    Description: Published
    Description: 4199–4234
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2023-11-21
    Description: In the engineering geology field increased attention has been posed in recent years to potential liquefaction mitigation interventions in susceptible sand formations. In silty sands this is a major challenge because, as the fines content increases, vibratory methods for densification become progressively less effective. An alternative mitigation technique can be the installation of Rammed Aggregate Pier® (RAP) columns that can increase the resistance of the soil, accounting for its lateral stress increase and for the stiffness increase from soil and RAP composite response. To investigate the influence of these factors on liquefaction resistance, full-scale blast tests were performed at a silty sand site in Bondeno (Ferrara, Italy) where liquefaction was observed after the 2012 Emilia-Romagna earthquake. A multidisciplinary team of forty researchers carried out devoted experimental activities aimed at better understanding the liquefaction process at the field scale and the effectiveness of the treatment using inter-related methods. Both natural and improved areas were investigated by in-situ tests and later subjected to controlled blasting. The blast tests were monitored with geotechnical and geophysical instrumentation, topographical surveying and geological analyses on the sand boils. Results showed the RAP effectiveness due to the improvement of soil properties within the liquefiable layer and a consequent reduction of the blast-induced liquefaction settlements, likely due to soil densification and increased lateral stress. The applied multidisciplinary approach adopted for the study allowed better understanding of the mechanism involved in the liquefaction mitigation intervention and provided a better overall evaluation of mitigation effectiveness
    Description: Published
    Description: 105437
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: 6T. Studi di pericolosità sismica e da maremoto
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2022-05-24
    Description: Surface wave methods gained in the past decades a primary role in many seismic projects. Specifically, they are often used to retrieve a 1D shear wave velocity model or to estimate the VS,30 at a site. The complexity of the interpretation process and the variety of possible approaches to surface wave analysis make it very hard to set a fixed standard to assure quality and reliability of the results. The present guidelines provide practical information on the acquisition and analysis of surface wave data by giving some basic principles and specific suggestions related to the most common situations. They are primarily targeted to non-expert users approaching surface wave testing, but can be useful to specialists in the field as a general reference. The guidelines are based on the experience gained within the InterPACIFIC project and on the expertise of the participants in acquisition and analysis of surface wave data.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2367-2420
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2023-10-20
    Description: The Central Italy earthquake sequence nominally began on 24 August 2016 with a M6.1 event on a normal fault that produced devastating effects in the town of Amatrice and several nearby villages and hamlets. A major international response was undertaken to record the effects of this disaster, including surface faulting, ground motions, landslides, and damage patterns to structures. This work targeted the development of high-value case histories useful to future research. Subsequent events in October 2016 exacerbated the damage in previously affected areas and caused damage to new areas in the north, particularly the relatively large town of Norcia. Additional reconnaissance after a M6.5 event on 30 October 2016 documented and mapped several large landslide features and increased damage states for structures in villages and hamlets throughout the region. This paper provides an overview of the reconnaissance activities undertaken to document and map these and other effects, and highlights valuable lessons learned regarding faulting and ground motions, engineering effects, and emergency response to this disaster.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1547–1555
    Description: 4T. Sismicità dell'Italia
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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