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  • 1
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    Unknown
    Seawater carbonate chemistry and food web composition, productivity, and trophic architecture (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: As human activities intensify, the structures of ecosystems and their food webs often reorganize. Through the study of mesocosms harboring a diverse benthic coastal community, we reveal that food web architecture can be inflexible under ocean warming and acidification and unable to compensate for the decline or proliferation of taxa. Key stabilizing processes, including functional redundancy, trophic compensation, and species substitution, were largely absent under future climate conditions. A trophic pyramid emerged in which biomass expanded at the base and top but contracted in the center. This structure may characterize a transitionary state before collapse into shortened, bottom-heavy food webs that characterize ecosystems subject to persistent abiotic stress. We show that where food web architecture lacks adjustability, the adaptive capacity of ecosystems to global change is weak and ecosystem degradation likely.
    Keywords: Abbreviation; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard deviation; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, standard error; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Comment; Community composition and diversity; Dry mass; Effects sizes; Energy flow; Entire community; EXP; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Functional group; Growth/Morphology; Laboratory experiment; Mesocosm label; Mesocosm or benthocosm; Net community production of oxygen; Nitrogen; Nitrogen, standard error; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other studied parameter or process; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Ratio; Rocky-shore community; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; SARDI; South Pacific; Taxon/taxa; Temperate; Temperature; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Trophic level description; Type; Wet mass; Wet mass production; δ13C; δ13C, standard error; δ15N; δ15N, standard error
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 39729 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and reproduction of fish (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Ocean acidification affects species populations and biodiversity through direct negative effects on physiology and behaviour. The indirect effects of elevated CO2 are less well known and can sometimes be counterintuitive. Reproduction lies at the crux of species population replenishment, but we do not know how ocean acidification affects reproduction in the wild. Here, we use natural CO2 vents at a temperate rocky reef and show that even though ocean acidification acts as a direct stressor, it can indirectly increase energy budgets of fish to stimulate reproduction at no cost to physiological homeostasis. Female fish maintained energy levels by compensation: They reduced activity (foraging and aggression) to increase reproduction. In male fish, increased reproductive investment was linked to increased energy intake as mediated by intensified foraging on more abundant prey. Greater biomass of prey at the vents was linked to greater biomass of algae, as mediated by a fertilisation effect of elevated CO2 on primary production. Additionally, the abundance and aggression of paternal carers were elevated at the CO2 vents, which may further boost reproductive success. These positive indirect effects of elevated CO2 were only observed for the species of fish that was generalistic and competitively dominant, but not for 3 species of subordinate and more specialised fishes. Hence, species that capitalise on future resource enrichment can accelerate their reproduction and increase their populations, thereby altering species communities in a future ocean.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Antioxidant capacity, per protein mass; Aragonite saturation state; Attack rate; Behaviour; Bicarbonate ion; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chordata; CO2 vent; Coast and continental shelf; Experiment; Field observation; Figure; Fish; Foraging rate; Forsterygion lapillum; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gastropoda, mass; Gonad mass, per size; Growth; Growth/Morphology; Individuals; Liver mass, per size; Male; Malondialdehyde, per protein mass; Mass; Nekton; Notoclinops segmentatus; Notoclinops yaldwyni; Number of prey; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other studied parameter or process; Parablennius laticlavius; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Proteins; Registration number of species; Reproduction; RNA/DNA ratio; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Sex; Single species; Site; Size; South Pacific; Species; Stomach mass, per size; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 48014 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Unknown
    Seawater carbonate chemistry and structure of fish assemblages across different coastal habitats (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Poleward range extensions by warm-adapted sea urchins are switching temperate marine ecosystems from kelp-dominated to barren-dominated systems that favour the establishment of range-extending tropical fishes. Yet, such tropicalization may be buffered by ocean acidification, which reduces urchin grazing performance and the urchin barrens that tropical range-extending fishes prefer. Using ecosystems experiencing natural warming and acidification, we show that ocean acidification could buffer warming-facilitated tropicalization by reducing urchin populations (by 87%) and inhibiting the formation of barrens. This buffering effect of CO2 enrichment was observed at natural CO2 vents that are associated with a shift from a barren-dominated to a turf-dominated state, which we found is less favourable to tropical fishes. Together, these observations suggest that ocean acidification may buffer the tropicalization effect of ocean warming against urchin barren formation via multiple processes (fewer urchins and barrens) and consequently slow the increasing rate of tropicalization of temperate fish communities.
    Keywords: Abundance; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Area; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass, wet mass per area; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Body size; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; CO2 vent; Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; Community density; Entire community; Field observation; Figure; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Habitat; Individuals; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Rocky-shore community; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Site; South Pacific; Species; Species richness; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Type
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 17563 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Unknown
    Trophic pyramids reorganize when food web architecture fails to adjust to ocean change (2020)
    American Association of the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: As human activities intensify, the structures of ecosystems and their food webs often reorganize. Through the study of mesocosms harboring a diverse benthic coastal community, we reveal that food web architecture can be inflexible under ocean warming and acidification and unable to compensate for the decline or proliferation of taxa. Key stabilizing processes, including functional redundancy, trophic compensation, and species substitution, were largely absent under future climate conditions. A trophic pyramid emerged in which biomass expanded at the base and top but contracted in the center. This structure may characterize a transitionary state before collapse into shortened, bottom-heavy food webs that characterize ecosystems subject to persistent abiotic stress. We show that where food web architecture lacks adjustability, the adaptive capacity of ecosystems to global change is weak and ecosystem degradation likely.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Unknown
    Functional loss in herbivores drives runaway expansion of weedy algae in a near-future ocean (2019)
    Elsevier
    In:  Science of the Total Environment, 695 . p. 133829.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: The ability of a community to absorb environmental change without undergoing structural modification is a hallmark of ecological resistance. The recognition that species interactions can stabilize community processes has led to the idea that the effects of climate change may be less than what most considerations currently allow. We tested whether herbivory can compensate for the expansion of weedy algae triggered by CO2 enrichment and warming. Using a six-month mesocosm experiment, we show that increasing per capita herbivory by gastropods absorbs the boosted effects of CO2 enrichment on algal production in temperate systems of weak to moderate herbivory. However, under the combined effects of acidification and warming this compensatory effect was eroded by reducing the diversity, density and biomass of herbivores. This loss of functionality combined with boosted primary productivity drove a fourfold expansion of weedy algal species. Our results demonstrate capacity to buffer ecosystems against CO2 enrichment, but loss of this capacity through ocean warming either in isolation or combined with CO2, driving significant algal turf expansion. Identifying compensatory processes and the circumstances under which they prevail could potentially help manage the impacts of ocean warming and acidification, which are further amplified by local disturbances such as habitat loss and herbivore over-exploitation.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133829
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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