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  • 1
    In: PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 11, No. 8 ( 2016-8-5), p. e0160097-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1932-6203
    Language: English
    Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2267670-3
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  • 2
    In: JAMA Network Open, American Medical Association (AMA), Vol. 5, No. 10 ( 2022-10-14), p. e2235733-
    Abstract: Only limited data are available about a potential benefit associated with endovascular treatment (EVT) for patients with ischemic stroke presenting in the extended time window who also show signs of extensive infarction. Objective To assess the association of recanalization after EVT with functional outcomes for patients with ischemic stroke presenting in the extended time window who also show signs of extensive infarction. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective, multicenter cohort study included patients enrolled in the German Stroke Registry–Endovascular Treatment with an Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) of 5 or less who presented between 6 and 24 hours after stroke onset and underwent computed tomography and subsequent EVT between July 1, 2015, and December 31, 2019. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary end point was a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 3 or less at day 90. The association between recanalization (defined as the occurrence of a modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction Scale score of 2b or 3) and outcome was assessed using logistic regression and inverse probability weighting analysis. Intervention Endovascular treatment. Results Of 5853 patients, 285 (5%; 146 men [51%]; median age, 73 years [IQR, 62-81 years] ) met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Of these 285 patients, 79 (27.7%) had an mRS score of 3 or less at day 90. The rate of successful recanalization was 75% (215 of 285) and was independently associated with a higher probability of reaching an mRS score of 3 or less (adjusted odds ratio, 4.39; 95% CI, 1.79-10.72; P   & amp;lt; .001). In inverse probability weighting analysis, a modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction Scale score of 2b or 3 was associated with a 19% increase (95% CI, 9%-29%; P   & amp;lt; .001) in the probability for an mRS score of 3 or more. Multivariable logistic regression analysis suggested a significant treatment benefit associated with vessel recanalization in a time window of up to 17.6 hours and ASPECTS of 3 to 5. The rate of secondary symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage was 6.3% (18 of 285). Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study reflecting daily clinical practice, vessel recanalization for patients with a low ASPECTS and extended time window was associated with better functional outcomes in a time window up to 17.6 hours and ASPECTS of 3 to 5. The results of this study encourage current randomized clinical trials to enroll patients with a low ASPECTS, even within the extended time window.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2574-3805
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2931249-8
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  • 3
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 54, No. 9 ( 2023-09), p. 2304-2312
    Abstract: Recently, 3 randomized controlled trials provided high-level evidence that patients with large ischemic stroke achieved better functional outcomes after endovascular therapy than with medical care alone. We aimed to investigate whether the clinical benefit of endovascular therapy is associated with the number of recanalization attempts in extensive baseline infarction. METHODS: This retrospective multicenter study enrolled patients from the German Stroke Registry who underwent endovascular therapy for anterior circulation large vessel occlusion between 2015 and 2021. Large ischemic stroke was defined as an Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score of 3 to 5. The study cohort was divided into patients with unsuccessful reperfusion (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score, 0–2a) and successful reperfusion (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score, 2b/3) at attempts 1, 2, 3, or ≥4. The primary outcome was favorable functional outcome defined as modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 3 at 90 days. Safety outcomes were symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage after 24 hours and death within 90 days. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent determinants of primary and secondary outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 348 patients met the inclusion criteria. Successful reperfusion was observed in 83.3% and favorable functional outcomes in 36.2%. Successful reperfusion at attempts 1 (adjusted odds ratio, 5.97 [95% CI, 1.71–24.43]; P =0.008) and 2 (adjusted odds ratio, 6.32 [95% CI, 1.73–26.92]; P =0.008) increased the odds of favorable functional outcome, whereas success at attempts 3 or ≥4 did not. Patients with 〉 2 attempts showed higher rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (12.8% versus 6.5%; P =0.046). Successful reperfusion at any attempt lowered the odds of death compared with unsuccessful reperfusion. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with large vessel occlusion and Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score of 3 to 5, the clinical benefit of endovascular therapy was linked to the number of recanalization attempts required for successful reperfusion. Our findings encourage to perform at least 2 recanalization attempts to seek for successful reperfusion in large ischemic strokes, while 〉 2 attempts should follow a careful risk-benefit assessment in these highly affected patients. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT03356392.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1467823-8
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  • 4
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 52, No. 2 ( 2021-02), p. 482-490
    Abstract: Endovascular therapy is the standard of care in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke due to large-vessel occlusion. Often, more than one retrieval attempt is needed to achieve reperfusion. We aimed to quantify the influence of endovascular therapy on clinical outcome depending on the number of retrievals needed for successful reperfusion in a large multi-center cohort. Methods: For this observational cohort study, 2611 patients from the prospective German Stroke Registry included between June 2015 and April 2018 were analyzed. Patients who received endovascular therapy for acute anterior circulation stroke with known admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, final Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score, and number of retrievals were included. Successful reperfusion was defined as a Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score of 2b or 3. The primary outcome was defined as functional independence (modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2) at day 90. Multivariate mixed-effects models were used to adjust for cluster effects of the participating centers and confounders. Results: The inclusion criteria were met by 1225 patients. The odds of good clinical outcome decreased with every retrieval attempt required for successful reperfusion: the first retrieval had the highest odds of good clinical outcome (adjusted odds ratio, 6.45 [95% CI, 4.0–10.4]), followed by the second attempt (adjusted odds ratio, 4.56 [95% CI, 2.7–7.7] ), and finally the third (adjusted odds ratio, 3.16 [95% CI, 1.8–5.6]). Conclusions: Successful reperfusion within the first 3 retrieval attempts is associated with improved clinical outcome compared with patients without reperfusion. We conclude that at least 3 retrieval attempts should be performed in endovascular therapy of anterior circulation strokes. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT03356392.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1467823-8
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  • 5
    In: JAMA Network Open, American Medical Association (AMA), Vol. 6, No. 5 ( 2023-05-01), p. e2310213-
    Abstract: Clinical evidence of the potential treatment benefit of intravenous thrombolysis preceding unsuccessful mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is scarce. Objective To determine whether intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) prior to unsuccessful MT improves functional outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Design, Setting, and Participants Patients were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study from the prospective, observational, multicenter German Stroke Registry–Endovascular Treatment between May 1, 2015, and December 31, 2021. This study compared IVT plus MT vs MT alone in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion in whom mechanical reperfusion was unsuccessful. Unsuccessful mechanical reperfusion was defined as failed (final modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction grade of 0 or 1) or partial (grade 2a). Patients meeting the inclusion criteria were matched by treatment group using 1:1 propensity score matching. Interventions Mechanical thrombectomy with or without IVT. Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcome was functional independence at 90 days, defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 2. Safety outcomes were the occurrence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and death. Results After matching, 746 patients were compared by treatment arms (median age, 78 [IQR, 68-84] years; 438 women [58.7%] ). The proportion of patients who were functionally independent at 90 days was 68 of 373 (18.2%) in the IVT plus MT and 42 of 373 (11.3%) in the MT alone group (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.63 [95% CI, 1.41-5.11] ; P  = .003). There was a shift toward better functional outcomes on the modified Rankin Scale favoring IVT plus MT (adjusted common OR, 1.98 [95% CI, 1.35-2.92]; P   & amp;lt; .001). The treatment benefit of IVT was greater in patients with partial reperfusion compared with failed reperfusion. There was no difference in symptomatic intracranial hemorrhages between treatment groups (AOR, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.29-1.81]; P  = .45), while the death rate was lower after IVT plus MT (AOR, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.34-0.86]; P  = .01). Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that prior IVT was safe and improved functional outcomes at 90 days. Partial reperfusion was associated with a greater treatment benefit of IVT, indicating a positive interaction between IVT and MT. These results support current guidelines that all eligible patients with stroke should receive IVT before MT and add a new perspective to the debate on noninferiority of combined stroke treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2574-3805
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2931249-8
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  • 6
    In: European Stroke Journal, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has revolutionized the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion (LVO), but its efficacy and safety in medium vessel occlusion (MeVO) remain less explored. This multicenter, retrospective study aims to investigate the incidence and clinical outcomes of vessel perforations (confirmed by extravasation during an angiographic series) during MT for AIS caused by MeVO. Methods: Data were collected from 37 academic centers across North America, Asia, and Europe between September 2017 and July 2021. A total of 1373 AIS patients with MeVO underwent MT. Baseline characteristics, procedural details, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Results: The incidence of vessel perforation was 4.8% (66/1373). Notably, our analysis indicates variations in perforation rates across different arterial segments: 8.9% in M3 segments, 4.3% in M2 segments, and 8.3% in A2 segments ( p = 0.612). Patients with perforation had significantly worse outcomes, with lower rates of favorable angiographic outcomes (TICI 2c-3: 23% vs 58.9%, p 〈 0.001; TICI 2b-3: 56.5% vs 88.3%, p 〈 0.001). Functional outcomes were also worse in the perforation group (mRS 0–1 at 3 months: 22.7% vs 36.6%, p = 0.031; mRS 0–2 at 3 months: 28.8% vs 53.9%, p 〈 0.001). Mortality was higher in the perforation group (30.3% vs 16.8%, p = 0.008). Conclusion: This study reveals that while the occurrence of vessel perforation in MT for AIS due to MeVO is relatively rare, it is associated with poor functional outcomes and higher mortality. The findings highlight the need for increased caution and specialized training in performing MT for MeVO. Further prospective research is required for risk mitigation strategies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2396-9873 , 2396-9881
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2851287-X
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  • 7
    In: Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Abstract: For acute proximal intracranial artery occlusions, contact aspiration may be more effective than stent‐retriever for first‐line reperfusion therapy. Due to the lack of data regarding medium vessel occlusion thrombectomy, we evaluated outcomes according to first‐line technique in a large, multicenter registry. METHODS Imaging, procedural, and clinical outcomes of patients with acute proximal medium vessel occlusions (M2, A1, or P1) or distal medium vessel occlusions (M3, A2, P2, or further) treated at 37 sites in 10 countries were analyzed according to first‐line endovascular technique (stent‐retriever versus aspiration). Multivariable logistic regression and propensity‐score matching were used to estimate the odds of the primary outcome, expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score of 2b–3 (“successful recanalization”), as well as secondary outcomes (first‐pass effect, expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2c‐3, intracerebral hemorrhage, and 90‐day modified Rankin scale, 90‐day mortality) between treatment groups. RESULTS Of the 440 included patients (44.5% stent‐retriever versus 55.5% aspiration), those treated with stent‐retriever had lower baseline Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Scale scores (median 8 versus 9; P 〈 0.01), higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores (median 13 versus 11; P =0.02), and nonsignificantly fewer medium‐distal occlusions (M3, A2, P2, or other: 17.4% versus 23.8%; P =0.10). Use of a stent‐retriever was associated with 15% lower odds of successful recanalization (odds ratio [OR] , 0.85; [95% CI 0.74–0.98]; P =0.02), but this was not significant after multivariable adjustment in the total cohort (adjusted OR, 0.88; [95% CI 0.72–1.09]; P =0.24), or in the propensity‐score matched cohort (n=105 in each group) (adjusted OR, 0.94; [95% CI 0.75–1.18]; P =0.60). There was no significant association between technique and secondary outcomes in the propensity‐score matched adjusted models. CONCLUSION In this large, diverse, multinational medium vessel occlusion cohort, we found no significant difference in imaging or clinical outcomes with aspiration versus stent‐retriever thrombectomy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2694-5746
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 8
    In: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, SAGE Publications, Vol. 40, No. 4 ( 2020-04), p. 823-832
    Abstract: Infarct growth from the early ischemic core to the total infarct lesion volume (LV) is often used as an outcome variable of treatment effects, but can be overestimated due to vasogenic edema. The purpose of this study was (1) to assess two components of early lesion growth by distinguishing between water uptake and true net infarct growth and (2) to investigate potential treatment effects on edema-corrected net lesion growth. Sixty-two M1-MCA-stroke patients with acute multimodal and follow-up CT (FCT) were included. Ischemic lesion growth was calculated by subtracting the initial CTP-derived ischemic core volume from the LV in the FCT. To determine edema-corrected net lesion growth, net water uptake of the ischemic lesion on FCT was quantified and subtracted from the volume of uncorrected lesion growth. The mean lesion growth without edema correction was 20.4 mL (95% CI: 8.2–32.5 mL). The mean net lesion growth after edema correction was 7.3 mL (95% CI: −2.1–16.7 mL; p  〈  0.0001). Lesion growth was significantly overestimated due to ischemic edema when determined in early-FCT imaging. In 18 patients, LV was lower than the initial ischemic core volume by CTP. These apparently “reversible” core lesions were more likely in patients with shorter times from symptom onset to imaging and higher recanalization rates.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0271-678X , 1559-7016
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2039456-1
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  • 9
    In: Annals of Neurology, Wiley
    Abstract: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is of benefit to patients with ischemic stroke; however, the effect of recanalization on lesion pathophysiology is not yet well understood. The aim of this study was to quantitatively assess how the effect of vessel recanalization on clinical outcome is mediated by edema reduction versus penumbra salvage. Methods Consecutive analysis of anterior circulation ischemic stroke patients triaged by multimodal‐CT undergoing MT. Edema reduction was defined using the difference of quantitative net water uptake (NWU) determined on baseline and follow‐up CT (∆NWU). Penumbra salvage volume (PSV) was defined as the difference between admission penumbra and net infarct growth volumes to follow‐up. Mediation analyses were performed with vessel recanalization as independent variable (mTICI≥2b), and ∆NWU/PSV as mediator variables. Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at 90 days served as endpoint. Results 321/422 included patients (76%) achieved successful recanalization. The median ∆NWU was 6.8% (IQR:3.9‐10.4) and the median PSV was 66ml (IQR:8‐124). ∆NWU, PSV, and recanalization were significantly associated with functional outcome in logistic regression analysis. ∆NWU and PSV partially mediated the relationship between recanalization with outcome. 66% of the relationship between recanalization and functional outcome could be explained by treatment‐induced edema reduction while 22% was mediated by PSV (p 〈 0.0001). Interpretation Compared to penumbra salvage, edema reduction was a stronger mediator of the effect of recanalization on functional outcome. Given the current trials on adjuvant neuroprotectants also targeting ischemic edema formation, combining reperfusion with antiedematous neuroprotectants may have synergistic effects resulting in better outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0364-5134 , 1531-8249
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2037912-2
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  • 10
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 53, No. 10 ( 2022-10), p. 3145-3152
    Abstract: Intravenous tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator) is often administered before endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). Recent studies have questioned whether tPA is necessary given the high rates of arterial recanalization achieved by EVT, but whether tPA impacts venous outflow (VO) is unknown. We investigated whether tPA improves VO profiles on baseline computed tomography (CT) angiography (CTA) images before EVT. Methods: Retrospective multicenter cohort study of patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion undergoing EVT triage. Included patients underwent CT, CTA, and CT perfusion before EVT. VO profiles were determined by opacification of the vein of Labbé, sphenoparietal sinus, and superficial middle cerebral vein on CTA as 0, not visible; 1, moderate opacification; and 2, full. Pial arterial collaterals were graded on CTA, and tissue-level collaterals were assessed on CT perfusion using the hypoperfusion intensity ratio. Clinical and demographic data were determined from the electronic medical record. Using multivariable regression analysis, we determined the correlation between tPA administration and favorable VO profiles. Results: Seven hundred seventeen patients met inclusion criteria. Three hundred sixty-five patients received tPA (tPA+), while 352 patients were not treated with tPA (tPA−). Fewer tPA+ patients had atrial fibrillation (n=128 [35%] versus n=156 [44%] ; P =0.012) and anticoagulants/antiplatelet treatment before acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion onset (n=130 [36%] versus n=178 [52%] ; P 〈 0.001) compared with tPA− patients. One hundred eighty-five patients (51%) in the tPA+ and 100 patients (28%) in the tPA− group exhibited favorable VO ( P 〈 0.001). Multivariable regression analysis showed that tPA administration was a strong independent predictor of favorable VO profiles (OR, 2.6 [95% CI, 1.7–4.0]; P 〈 0.001) after control for favorable pial arterial CTA collaterals, favorable tissue-level collaterals on CT perfusion, age, presentation National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, antiplatelet/anticoagulant treatment, history of atrial fibrillation and time from symptom onset to imaging. Conclusions: In patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion undergoing thrombectomy triage, tPA administration was strongly associated with the presence of favorable VO profiles.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1467823-8
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