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  • 1
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    Photographs and videos snippets of incirrate octopods observed during SONNE cruise SO242/2 to the DISCOL Experimental Area, Peru Basin (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Purser, Autun; Marcon, Yann; Hoving, Henk-Jan T; Vecchione, Michael; Piatkowski, Uwe; Eason, Deborah; Bluhm, Hartmut; Boetius, Antje (2016): Association of deep-sea incirrate octopods with manganese crusts and nodule fields in the Pacific Ocean. Current Biology, 26(24), R1268-R1269, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2016.10.052
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-12
    Description: Incirrate octopods (those without fins) are among the larger megafauna inhabiting the benthic environments of all oceans, commonly in water depths down to about 3,000 m. They are known to protect and brood their eggs until the juveniles hatch, but to date there is little published information on octopod deep-sea life cycles and distribution. For this study, three manganese-crust and nodule-abundant regions of the deep Pacific were examined by remote operated-vehicle and towed camera surveys carried out between 2011 and 2016. Here, we report that the depth range of incirrate octopods can now be extended to at least 4,290 m. Octopods (twenty-nine individuals from two distinct species) were observed on the deep Ka'ena and Necker Ridges of the Hawaiian Archipelago, and in a nodule-abundant region of the Peru Basin. Two octopods were observed to be brooding clutches of eggs that were laid on stalks of dead sponges attached to nodules at depths exceeding 4,000 m. This is the first time such a specific mineral-biota association has been observed for incirrate octopods. Both broods consisted of approximately 30 large (2.0-2.7 cm) eggs. Given the low annual water temperature of 1.5°C, it is likely that egg development, and hence brooding, takes years [Robison et al. (2014), doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103437]. Stalked-sponge fauna in the Peru Basin require the presence of manganese nodules as a substrate, and near total collapse of such sponge populations was observed following the experimental removal of nodules within the DISCOL (DISturbance and COLonisation) area of the Peru Basin [Bluhm (2001), doi:10.1016/S0967-0645(01)00070-4]. Stalked fauna are also abundant on the hard substrates of the Hawaiian archipelago. The brooding behavior of the octopods we observed suggests that, like the sponges, they may also be susceptible to habitat loss following the removal of nodule fields and crusts by commercial exploitation.
    Keywords: JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Videos snippets of incirrate octopods observed during SONNE cruise SO242/2 to the DISCOL Experimental Area, Peru Basin (2016)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-12
    Keywords: DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Event label; File name; File size; File type; JPI-OCEANS; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Method/Device of event; Ocean Floor Observation System; OFOS; Remote operated vehicle; ROV; SO242/2; SO242/2_143-1; SO242/2_163-1; SO242/2_195-1; SO242/2_196-1; SO242/2_197-1; SO242/2_203-1; SO242/2_206-1; SO242/2_220-1; SO242/2_223-1; SO242/2_231-1; Sonne_2; South Pacific Ocean, Peru Basin; Uniform resource locator/link to file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 96 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Photographs of incirrate octopods observed during SONNE cruise SO242/2 to the DISCOL Experimental Area, Peru Basin (2016)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-12
    Keywords: DATE/TIME; DEPTH, water; Event label; File name; File size; File type; JPI-OCEANS; JPI Oceans - Ecological Aspects of Deep-Sea Mining; JPIO-MiningImpact; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Method/Device of event; Ocean Floor Observation System; OFOS; Remote operated vehicle; ROV; SO242/2; SO242/2_139-1; SO242/2_143-1; SO242/2_163-1; SO242/2_164-1; SO242/2_171-1; SO242/2_174-1; SO242/2_184-1; SO242/2_195-1; SO242/2_196-1; SO242/2_197-1; SO242/2_203-1; SO242/2_206-1; SO242/2_212-1; SO242/2_220-1; SO242/2_223-1; SO242/2_231-1; Sonne_2; South Pacific Ocean, Peru Basin; Uniform resource locator/link to file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 156 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Association of deep-sea incirrate octopods with manganese crusts and nodule fields in the Pacific Ocean (2016)
    Elsevier
    In:  Current Biology, 26 (24). R1268-R1269.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-07
    Description: Incirrate octopods (those without fins) are among the larger megafauna inhabiting the benthic environments of all oceans, commonly in water depths down to about 3,000 m. They are known to protect and brood their eggs until the juveniles hatch, but to date there is little published information on octopod deep-sea life cycles and distribution. For this study, three manganese-crust and nodule-abundant regions of the deep Pacific were examined by remote operated-vehicle and towed camera surveys carried out between 2011 and 2016. Here, we report that the depth range of incirrate octopods can now be extended to at least 4,290 m. Octopods (twenty-nine individuals from two distinct species) were observed on the deep Ka‘ena and Necker Ridges of the Hawaiian Archipelago, and in a nodule-abundant region of the Peru Basin. Two octopods were observed to be brooding clutches of eggs that were laid on stalks of dead sponges attached to nodules at depths exceeding 4,000 m. This is the first time such a specific mineral-biota association has been observed for incirrate octopods. Both broods consisted of approximately 30 large (2.0–2.7 cm) eggs. Given the low annual water temperature of 1.5oC, it is likely that egg development, and hence brooding, takes years [1] . Stalked-sponge fauna in the Peru Basin require the presence of manganese nodules as a substrate, and near total collapse of such sponge populations was observed following the experimental removal of nodules within the DISCOL (DISturbance and COLonisation) area of the Peru Basin [2] . Stalked fauna are also abundant on the hard substrates of the Hawaiian archipelago. The brooding behavior of the octopods we observed suggests that, like the sponges, they may also be susceptible to habitat loss following the removal of nodule fields and crusts by commercial exploitation.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Format: slideshow
    DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.10.052
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    The importance of manganese nodules for the life cycle of deep sea incirrate octopi (2016)
    In:  EPIC3EU FP7 MIDAS final meeting, Gent, Belgium, 2016-10-03-2016-10-07
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-03-06
    Description: Leg SO242/2 of an RV SONNE expedition to the DISturbance and reCOLonization (DISCOL) area in the manganese nodule ecosystem area of the Peruvian Basin in the framework of JPI Oceans program ‘Ecological aspects of deep-sea mining’ and MIDAS investigated the faunal and biogeochemical response and recovery to both recent (~5 weeks prior) and historical (~26 yrs prior) nodule removal and seafloor disturbances. Recently published by MIDAS partners, epifauna studies conducted within the Clarion Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCZ) as part of the same projects have shown the potential importance of manganese nodules as suitable hard substrate ‘islands’ onto which stalked fauna, such as deep sea sponges and crinoids, can settle and develop (Vanreusel et al., 2016). At the DISCOL site, 27 deep sea incirrate octopi were observed actively feeding around the edges of Manganese nodules at depths of approx. 4100 m, using crevices between nodules as sites of refuge, and in two instances brooding eggs directly onto the stalks of dead deep sea fauna. Interestingly, no incirrate octopi were observed during any of the recent MIDAS / JPI Oceans cruises to the CCZ, Observed individuals represent at least two species, with several being identified as Vulcanoctopus sp. The majority appear to belong to the recently observed ‘Casper’ species, recorded by Remote Operated Vehicles from several locations within the Hawaiian archipelago, and as yet, undescribed. Together with the recent Hawaiian observations, these new data increase the depth range of incirrate octopi by several hundreds of meters. Additionally they represent the first observations of incirrate octopi using other fauna as a brooding substrate. Though the knock-on impacts on stalk supported small megafauna communities has been a known consideration for several decades (though better understood following MIDAS and JPI Oceans investigations) the potential impacts on larger semi-pelagic mobile fauna such as octopi has not been considered to date. In this study we show that potentially the loss of nodules will have direct impacts on these larger megafauna. Tantalisingly, the observations of the incirrate octopi in the Hawaiian archipelago were made in areas also abundant in stalked fauna. Survey dives within these manganese crust rich regions of seafloor covered considerably less area than the DISCOL work carried out during SO242/2, and therefore there is the potentiality that stalks in these commercially interesting ecosystems represent habitat resources at risk from mining activities.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 6
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    Association of deep-sea incirrate octopods with manganese crusts and nodule fields in the Pacific Ocean (2016)
    Cell
    In:  EPIC3Current Biology, Cell, 26(24), pp. R1268-R1269, ISSN: 09609822
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-19
    Description: Incirrate octopods (those without fins) are among the larger megafauna inhabiting the benthic environments of all oceans, commonly in water depths down to about 3,000 m. They are known to protect and brood their eggs until the juveniles hatch, but to date there is little published information on octopod deep-sea life cycles and distribution. For this study, three manganese-crust and nodule-abundant regions of the deep Pacific were examined by remote operated-vehicle and towed camera surveys carried out between 2011 and 2016.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 7
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    Segment-scale variations in seafloor volcanic and tectonic processes from multibeam sonar imaging, Mid-Atlantic Ridge Rainbow region (35°45′–36°35′N) (2016)
    John Wiley & Sons
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2016. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 17 (2016): 3560–3579, doi:10.1002/2016GC006433.
    Description: Along-axis variations in melt supply and thermal structure can lead to significant variations in the mode of crustal accretion at mid-ocean ridges. We examine variations in seafloor volcanic and tectonic processes on the scale of individual ridge segments in a region of the slow spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge (35°45′–36°35′N) centered on the Rainbow nontransform discontinuity (NTD). We use multibeam sonar backscatter amplitude data, taking advantage of multifold and multidirectional coverage from the MARINER geophysical study to create a gridded compilation of seafloor reflectivity, and interpret the sonar image within the context of other data to examine seafloor properties and identify volcanic flow fields and tectonic features. Along the spreading segments, differences in volcanic productivity, faulting, eruption style, and frequency correlate with inferred magma supply. Regions of low magma supply are associated with more widely spaced faults, and larger volcanic flow fields that are more easily identified in the backscatter image. Identified flow fields with the highest backscatter occur near the ends of ridge segments. Their relatively smooth topography contrasts with the more hummocky, cone-dominated terrain that dominates most of the neovolcanic zone. Patches of seafloor with high, moderately high, and low backscatter intensity across the Rainbow massif are spatially correlated with observations of basalt, gabbro and serpentinized peridotite, and sediment, respectively. Large detachment faults have repeatedly formed along the inside corners of the Rainbow NTD, producing a series of oceanic core complexes along the wake of the NTD. A new detachment fault is currently forming in the ridge segment just north of the now inactive Rainbow massif.
    Description: National Science Foundation Grant Numbers: OCE-0961151, OCE-0961680
    Description: 2017-03-07
    Keywords: Mid-ocean ridges ; Oceanic core complex ; Rainbow massif ; Backscatter
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 8
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    Effects of variable magma supply on mid-ocean ridge eruptions : constraints from mapped lava flow fields along the Galápagos Spreading Center (2012)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2012. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems 13 (2012): Q08014, doi:10.1029/2012GC004163.
    Description: Mapping and sampling of 18 eruptive units in two study areas along the Galápagos Spreading Center (GSC) provide insight into how magma supply affects mid-ocean ridge (MOR) volcanic eruptions. The two study areas have similar spreading rates (53 versus 55 mm/yr), but differ by 30% in the time-averaged rate of magma supply (0.3 × 106 versus 0.4 × 106 m3/yr/km). Detailed geologic maps of each study area incorporate observations of flow contacts and sediment thickness, in addition to sample petrology, geomagnetic paleointensity, and inferences from high-resolution bathymetry data. At the lower-magma-supply study area, eruptions typically produce irregularly shaped clusters of pillow mounds with total eruptive volumes ranging from 0.09 to 1.3 km3. At the higher-magma-supply study area, lava morphologies characteristic of higher effusion rates are more common, eruptions typically occur along elongated fissures, and eruptive volumes are an order of magnitude smaller (0.002–0.13 km3). At this site, glass MgO contents (2.7–8.4 wt. %) and corresponding liquidus temperatures are lower on average, and more variable, than those at the lower-magma-supply study area (6.2–9.1 wt. % MgO). The differences in eruptive volume, lava temperature, morphology, and inferred eruption rates observed between the two areas along the GSC are similar to those that have previously been related to variable spreading rates on the global MOR system. Importantly, the documentation of multiple sequences of eruptions at each study area, representing hundreds to thousands of years, provides constraints on the variability in eruptive style at a given magma supply and spreading rate.
    Description: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation grants OCE08–49813, OCE08–50052, and OCE08– 49711.
    Description: 2013-02-25
    Keywords: Galapagos Spreading Center ; Lava flow ; Mid-ocean ridges ; Submarine volcanism
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: text/plain
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
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    Three-dimensional seismic structure of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge : an investigation of tectonic, magmatic, and hydrothermal processes in the Rainbow Area (2018)
    John Wiley & Sons
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2017. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 122 (2017): 9580–9602, doi:10.1002/2017JB015051.
    Description: To test models of tectonic, magmatic, and hydrothermal processes along slow-spreading mid-ocean ridges, we analyzed seismic refraction data from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge INtegrated Experiments at Rainbow (MARINER) seismic and geophysical mapping experiment. Centered at the Rainbow area of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (36°14'N), this study examines a section of ridge with volcanically active segments and a relatively amagmatic ridge offset that hosts the ultramafic Rainbow massif and its high-temperature hydrothermal vent field. Tomographic images of the crust and upper mantle show segment-scale variations in crustal structure, thickness, and the crust-mantle transition, which forms a vertical gradient rather than a sharp boundary. There is little definitive evidence for large regions of sustained high temperatures and melt in the lower crust or upper mantle along the ridge axes, suggesting that melts rising from the mantle intrude as small intermittent magma bodies at crustal and subcrustal levels. The images reveal large rotated crustal blocks, which extend to mantle depths in some places, corresponding to off-axis normal fault locations. Low velocities cap the Rainbow massif, suggesting an extensive near-surface alteration zone due to low-temperature fluid-rock reactions. Within the interior of the massif, seismic images suggest a mixture of peridotite and gabbroic intrusions, with little serpentinization. Here diffuse microearthquake activity indicates a brittle deformation regime supporting a broad network of cracks. Beneath the Rainbow hydrothermal vent field, fluid circulation is largely driven by the heat of small cooling melt bodies intruded into the base of the massif and channeled by the crack network and shallow faults.
    Description: NSF Grant Numbers: OCE-0961151, OCE-0961680
    Description: 2018-06-29
    Keywords: Mid-Atlantic Ridge ; Oceanic core complex ; Seismic tomography ; Rainbow hydrothermal field ; Mid-ocean ridge
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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