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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Methane as a source of carbon and energy for chironomid larvae (2006)
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource PDF-Datei: 144 S., 3.64 MB , Ill., graph. Darst.
    URL: http://macau.uni-kiel.de/receive/dissertation_diss_00001842
    URL: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:8-diss-18422
    URN: urn:nbn:de:gbv:8-diss-18422
    DDC: 577.63
    Language: English
    Note: Kiel, Univ., Diss., 2006
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methane cycling in lake sediments and its influence on chironomid larval δ13C (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 54 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Stable carbon isotope analysis of chironomid larvae gave rise to the hypothesis that methane-oxidizing bacteria can provide an important food source for higher trophic levels in lakes. To investigate the importance of the methane cycle for the larval stable carbon signatures, isotope analysis and microbiological and biogeochemical investigations were combined. The study was based on comparison of a dimictic lake (Holzsee) and a polymictic, shallow lake (Großer Binnensee), both located in northern Germany. Both lakes are inhabited by Chironomus plumosus larvae, which exhibited a stronger 13C-depletion in Holzsee than in Großer Binnensee, indicating a greater contribution of methane–carbon in the former. Indeed, the processes involved in the microbial methane cycle were found to be more active in Holzsee, showing higher potential methane production and methane oxidation rates. Consistently, cell numbers of methane-oxidizing bacteria were with 0.5 − 1.7× 106 cells 〈inlineGraphic alt="inline image" href="urn:x-wiley:01686496:FEM339:FEM_339_mu1" location="equation/FEM_339_mu1.gif"/〉 about one order of magnitude higher in Holzsee than in Großer Binnensee. Molecular analysis of the microbial community structure revealed no differences in the methanotrophic community between the two lakes, with a clear dominance of type I methanotrophs. The methanogenic population seemed to be adapted to the prevailing substrate in the respective lake (H2/CO2 in Holzsee and acetate in Großer Binnensee), even though differences were minor.In conclusion, the stronger larval 13C-depletion in Holzsee was not reflected in differences in the microbial community structure, but in the activity and size of the methanogenic and methanotrophic populations in the lake sediment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsec.2005.04.006
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenotypic variation in Pseudomonas sp. CM10 determines microcolony formation and survival under protozoan grazing (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 39 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We investigated the survival mechanism of the bacterium Pseudomonas sp. CM10 in the presence of a flagellate predator. The bacterium had been isolated from a continuous culture containing bacterivorous nanoflagellates. On agar plates, we found intraclonal dimorphism of Pseudomonas sp. CM10 colonies at high frequencies: The primary mucoid colony type generated a secondary non-mucoid form. Unlike the repeated generation of non-mucoid colonies from mucoid clones, we did not observe the occurrence of mucoid forms in non-mucoid populations. In semicontinuous and batch cultures, we investigated the ability of the two morphs to survive predation by the bacterivorous flagellate Ochromonas sp. under conditions of growth and starvation. In predator-free cultures, populations of both variants were unicellular but differed in some phenotypic characteristics such as cell motility and hydrophobicity. Grazing treatments revealed that the non-mucoid morph was reduced severely whereas the primary mucoid type survived due to the formation of inert suspended microcolonies stabilized by an extracellular matrix. Effectiveness and competitive trade-offs of microcolony formation were revealed by a competition experiment with the bacterium Pseudomonas putida MM1: Pseudomonas sp. CM10 was displaced in predator-free cultures but outgrew the defenseless and monomorphic competitor under flagellate grazing pressure. We conclude that intraclonal polymorphism may regulate the ability of Pseudomonas sp. CM10 to survive in situations of severe protistan grazing. The formation of inert microcolonies, however, is suggested to be detrimental to rapid growth and dispersal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2002.tb00906.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal high and low density bands in reef coral skeletons (1975)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 255 (1975), S. 697-698 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Although a density band pair clearly corresponds to an annual increment of carbonate deposition, it has not yet been determined when during a year a growth band of particular density actually forms. Thus until a quantitative relationship between density patterns and environmental parameters is ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/255697a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
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    Metaorganisms in extreme environments: do microbes play a role in organismal adaptation? (2018)
    Elsevier
    In:  Zoology, 127 . pp. 1-19.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: From protists to humans, all animals and plants are inhabited by microbial organisms. There is an increasing appreciation that these resident microbes influence the fitness of their plant and animal hosts, ultimately forming a metaorganism consisting of a uni- or multicellular host and a community of associated microorganisms. Research on host–microbe interactions has become an emerging cross-disciplinary field. In both vertebrates and invertebrates a complex microbiome confers immunological, metabolic and behavioural benefits; conversely, its disturbance can contribute to the development of disease states. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms controlling the interactions within a metaorganism are poorly understood and many key interactions between the associated organisms remain unknown. In this perspective article, we outline some of the issues in interspecies interactions and in particular address the question of how metaorganisms react and adapt to inputs from extreme environments such as deserts, the intertidal zone, oligothrophic seas, and hydrothermal vents
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2018.02.004
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    Advancing Our Functional Understanding of Host–Microbiota Interactions: A Need for New Types of Studies (2020)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Exploring the niche concept in a simple metaorganism (2020)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Organisms and their resident microbial communities - the microbiome - form a complex and mostly stable ecosystem. It is known that the composition of the microbiome and bacterial species abundances can have a major impact on host health and Darwinian fitness, but the processes that lead to these microbial patterns have not yet been identified. We here apply the niche concept and trait-based approaches as a first step in understanding the patterns underlying microbial community assembly and structure in the simple metaorganism Hydra. We find that the carrying capacities in single associations do not reflect microbiota densities as part of the community, indicating a discrepancy between the fundamental and realized niche. Whereas in most cases, the realized niche is smaller than the fundamental one, as predicted by theory, the opposite is observed for Hydra’s two main bacterial colonizers. Both, Curvibacter sp. and Duganella sp. benefit from association with the other members of the microbiome and reach higher fractions as compared to when they are the only colonizer. This cannot be linked to any particular trait that is relevant for interacting with the host or by the utilization of specific nutrients but is most likely determined by metabolic interactions between the individual microbiome members.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    Microbial Species Coexistence Depends on the Host Environment (2020)
    American Society for Microbiology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Organisms and their resident microbial communities form a complex and mostly stable ecosystem. It is known that the specific composition and abundance of certain bacterial species affect host health and fitness, but the processes that lead to these microbial patterns are unknown. We investigate this by deconstructing the simple microbiome of the freshwater polyp Hydra. We contrast the performance of its two main bacterial associates, Curvibacter and Duganella, on germfree hosts with two in vitro environments over time. We show that interactions within the microbiome but also the host environment lead to the observed species frequencies and abundances. More specifically, we find that both microbial species can only stably coexist in the host environment, whereas Duganella outcompetes Curvibacter in both in vitro environments irrespective of initial starting frequencies. While Duganella seems to benefit through secretions of Curvibacter, its competitive effect on Curvibacter depends upon direct contact. The competition might potentially be mitigated through the spatial distribution of the two microbial species on the host, which would explain why both species stably coexist on the host. Interestingly, the relative abundances of both species on the host do not match the relative abundances reported previously nor the overall microbiome carrying capacity as reported in this study. Both observations indicate that rare microbial community members might be relevant for achieving the native community composition and carrying capacity. Our study highlights that for dissecting microbial interactions the specific environmental conditions need to be replicated, a goal difficult to achieve with in vitro systems.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 9
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    Methane as a source of carbon and energy for chironomid larvae (2006)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: In recent years it has become increasingly apparent that the microbial loop and microbial production play an important role in many aquatic ecosystems. Microorganisms decompose and thereby recycle organic material in the water column and the sediment, which would otherwise be lost from the food web. Decomposition of organic matter takes place in aerobic and anaerobic sediments of lakes and wetlands, with anaerobic regions representing the sites for methane production. It is estimated that methane oxidising bacteria (MOB, methanotrophs) consume more than 90% of the methane available. Thus, MOB represent a significant pathway for the recycling of methane carbon back into aquatic food webs. Possible sites of trophic transfer are the oxic-anoxic boundary layers in the sediment or the water-sediment interfaces. The results presented in this thesis looked at this specific habitat in lakes. I particularly focused on interactions between sediment-dwelling chironomid larvae and the methane carbon cycle. For the first time I showed experimentally that chironomid larvae can feed directly on MOB biomass and thus include high amounts of methane-derived carbon into their diet. This thesis also emphasises that the contribution of methane carbon to larval diet can vary during the year and is strongly influenced by lake characteristics, specifically by depth. Moreover I applied a multiple stable isotope approach to unravel complexities in benthic food webs. The results of this thesis show that methane is not only an important carbon and energy source for aquatic benthic macroinvertebrates but could also substantially fuel terrestrial and riparian food webs.
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Thesis - not published by a publisher
  • 10
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    Enhancing Microbial Pollutant Degradation by Integrating Eco-Evolutionary Principles with Environmental Biotechnology (2021)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Highlights: We advocate to shift research efforts in environmental biotechnology from searching for desired traits of monocultures to that of microbial communities. As these traits will be hard to identify with classical genome mining approaches, we recommend using artificial community selection as a tool to identify and to select for novel and/or enhanced functions. Bioremediation and biodegradation with artificially selected microbial communities harbors great potential to become a fast, cost-effective, eco-friendly, and socially acceptable way to remove pollutants without prior knowledge of the involved species and degradation pathways needed. The use of highly integrated multispecies microbial communities instead of monocultures in biodegradation processes will result in more stable and more productive cultures. The novelty of our proposed approach lies in the combination of eco-evolutionary principles with applied biotechnology. This will stimulate new advancements in environmental biotechnology, and will likely result in the discovery of novel metabolic degradation pathways. Environmental accumulation of anthropogenic pollutants is a pressing global issue. The biodegradation of these pollutants by microbes is an emerging field but is hampered by inefficient degradation rates and a limited knowledge of potential enzymes and pathways. Here, we advocate the view that significant progress can be achieved by harnessing artificial community selection for a desired biological process, an approach that makes use of eco-evolutionary principles. The selected communities can either be directly used in bioremediation applications or further be analyzed and modified, for instance through a combination of systems biology, synthetic biology, and genetic engineering. This knowledge can then inform machine learning and enhance the discovery of novel biodegradation pathways.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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