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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of malignant gliomas with surgery, intraarterial chemotherapy with ACNU and radiation therapy (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 13 (1992), S. 131-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: ACNU ; intraarterial chemotherapy ; malignant gliomas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fourty patients with malignant supratentorial gliomas received iterative intraarterial (IA) infusions of ACNU, 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea at a dose of 150 mg repeated every 6 weeks. Group A consisted of eighteen patients previously treated with surgery, radiation therapy (RT) and sometimes chemotherapy, who received IA ACNU at tumor recurrence. Group B consisted of twenty two patients who received IA ACNU in the postoperative pre-RT period. In group A, 8/18 patients (44%) had an objective response, including 6/12 anaplastic astrocytomas (AA) and 2/6 glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), while 10/18 patients (56%) did not respond. Median survival time was 6 months for GBM and 12 months for AA. In group B, 6/22 patients (27%) had an objective response (4/18 GBM and 2/4 AA) and 16/22 patients (73%) did not respond. Nine patients had such an extensive tumor after one or two courses of IA ACNU that RT was cancelled. Median survival time was 8 months for GBM and 8 months for AA. Three patients (8%) had ophthalmologic toxicity on the infused side. There was no case of leukoencephalopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00172762
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the p21 gene in gliomas (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 40 (1998), S. 107-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: glioma ; p21 ; p53 ; WAF1 ; CIP1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The p21 gene encodes a cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor protein (p21) which has a tumor suppressive activity in a variety of tumor cell lines. Since, the p21 gene is up-regulated by the p53 tumor suppressor gene, which is frequently mutated in gliomas, acting therefore in the same control pathway, it constitutes a good candidate gene to be also inactivated in these tumors. To test this hypothesis, DNAs from 81 gliomas (48 glioblastomas, 11 anaplastic astrocytomas, 10 low-grade astrocytomas, 12 oligodendrogliomas and mixed gliomas), were investigated for mutations in the p21 coding sequence by denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis followed by sequencing. All these tumors have been previously screened for p53 mutations. Three different DNA variants were identified on codon 31 (17 cases), 27 (1 case) and 117 (1 case) and shown to be also present in matching constitutional DNA, suggesting they were polymorphisms. None of the tumors demonstrated a somatic mutation. No significant correlation between the presence of a p21 variant and the p53 mutation tumor status was observed. In conclusion, mutation in the p21 gene unlikely contributes to the development of gliomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006149021810
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Frequent Loss of 1p32 Region but no Mutation if the p18 Tumor Suppressor Gene in Meningiomas (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 50 (2000), S. 207-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: meningioma ; chromosome 1 ; p18 ; CDKN2C
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract After chromosome 22 and NF2 inactivation, the loss of chromosome 1p is one of the most frequent abnormalities encountered in meningiomas. However the putative tumor suppressor gene located on 1p inactivated in meningiomas has still to be identified. We screened 68 meningiomas for LOH on chromosome 22 and 1. We found 34 LOH on the NF2 region on chromosome 22 (50%) and 19 LOH on 1p (28%), 16 being associated with loss of chromosome 22. Partial deletions delimited a candidate region located between D1S234 and D1S2797. The p18 INK4C tumor suppressor gene, a member of the genes family coding for inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases, is located in this region. To determine whether p18 is involved in development of meningiomas, we performed a mutation analysis of the p18 gene and a search for homozygous deletion in the 19 meningiomas with 1p loss. Sequencing analysis of the p18 gene revealed one polymorphism, but no somatic mutations and no homozygous deletions were found. These results confirm that the loss of chromosome 1p32 is a frequent feature in meningiomas, however the p18 tumor suppressor gene which is located in this region, does not seem to be involved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006400723490
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of Malignant Gliomas in the Elderly (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 43 (1999), S. 187-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: malignant gliomas ; elderly ; radiotherapy ; chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The benefit of standard treatment of malignant glioma in older patients is debated. In order to assess the effect of a combination of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy on survival of elderly patients with high grade gliomas, 30 consecutive patients older than 70 years with malignant supratentorial gliomas were studied between 9/93 and 9/96. Median age was 73 years (70–79). The mean Karnofsky performance status (KPS) was 66 (30–100). Patients underwent maximum possible surgery, followed by a course of radiotherapy (45 Gy/25 fractions/5 weeks) with 3 or 4 orthogonal beams and a 2 cm margin around the tumor bed. The administration of chemotherapy was left at the discretion of the responsible physician and 12 patients received reduced dose nitrosourea-based chemotherapy. The overall median survival was 36 weeks. The median time to progression was 26 weeks. Three months after surgery, 26 patients were alive, 5 were in complete response, 2 in partial response and 10 were stabilized. Pre-radiotherapy KPS was the only significant prognostic factor with a median survival of 40 weeks in patients with KPS ≥70 and 25 weeks when KPS was 〉70 (logrank test, p=0.05). In responding and stable patients (57% of the group) the median KPS was 68 and 66 at 1 and 3 months after the completion of radiotherapy. There was no case of radiotherapy-induced dementia with this regimen. Four out of 12 patients who received chemotherapy, experienced WHO grade 3/4 hematotoxicity. This study suggest that some patients older than 70 years with KPS ≥70 may benefit from the treatment of malignant gliomas with surgery followed by reduced dose of limited field radiotherapy. Further studies are needed to define the most appropriate dose of radiotherapy and to evaluate further the risk/benefit ratio of a reduced dose chemotherapy in this population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006262918694
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of Supratentorial Glioblastoma Multiforme with Radiotherapy and a Combination of BCNU and Tamoxifen: A Phase II Study (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 45 (1999), S. 229-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: BCNU ; tamoxifen ; chemotherapy ; glioblastomas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract From May 1990 to November 1994, 70 consecutive patients suffering from glioblastoma multiforme were treated following surgery with conventional radiotherapy and adjuvant IV BCNU administered alone or in combination with tamoxifen. Twenty-five patients received BCNU alone (control group A) while 24 patients also received 40 mg of tamoxifen (TMX) PO daily (group B) and 21 received 100 mg of TMX PO daily (group C). There were no significant differences between the 3 groups concerning age, type of resection and median post-operative Karnofsky performance status (KPS). Blood toxicity over grade II occurred in 33.5% of patients receiving TMX versus 12% of patients treated with BCNU alone (p〈0.05). Deep venous thrombosis complications were observed in 4 patients of each TMX group, whereas they were not observed in the control group (p〈0.04). Median time to tumor progression (MTTP) was 35 weeks in the control group and 27 weeks in both TMX groups B and C. Median survival time (MST) was 56, 66 and 51 weeks, respectively. These results suggest that the addition of TMX to standard treatment of glioblastomas does not affect the time to tumor progression and overall survival but may increase the risk of deep venous thrombosis or nitrosourea-induced blood toxicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006390414555
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