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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Newark :American Geophysical Union,
    Keywords: Landscape changes. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (237 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781118704646
    Series Statement: Geophysical Monograph Series ; v.198
    Language: English
    Note: COVER -- Title Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Bridging a Disciplinary Gap -- Section I: Americas -- Arguments and Evidence Against a Younger Dryas Impact Event -- Environment and Agency in the Ancient Maya Collapse -- Rainfall Variability and the Rise and Collapse of the Mississippian Chiefdoms: Evidence From a DeSoto Caverns Stalagmite -- Building Resilience in Island Communities: A Paleotempestological Perspective -- Recent Seasonal Variations in Arid Landscape Cover and Aeolian Sand Mobility, Navajo Nation, Southwestern United States -- Section II: Asia -- Utilization of Distal Tephra Records for Understanding Climatic and Environmental Consequences of the Youngest Toba Tuff -- An Abrupt Shift in the Indian Monsoon 4000 Years Ago -- Late Holocene Drought Pattern Over West Asia -- Geomorphological Constraints on the Ghaggar River Regime During the Mature Harappan Period -- A Simulation of the Neolithic Transition in the Indus Valley -- Mid-to-Late Holocene Agricultural System Transformations in the Northern Fertile Crescent: A Review Archaeobotanical, Geoarchaeological, and Philological Evidence -- Late Holocene Evolution of the Fuzhou Basin (Fujian, China) and the Spread of Rice Farming -- Climate-Induced Changes in Population Dynamics of Siberian Scythians (700-250 B.C.) -- Section III: Africa -- Geoarchaeological Perspectives on Holocene Climate Change as a Civilizing Factor in the Egyptian Sahara -- Heavy Rainfalls in a Desert(ed) City: A Climate-Archaeological Case Study From Sudan -- Section IV: Europe -- The Influence of Transgressive Paleogeography on the Development and Decline of Cardium Pottery Culture (Mediterranean Neolithic) -- A Dynamic Human Socioecology of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Ulster -- Section V: New Approaches and Discussions -- Influences of Active Tectonism on Human Development: A Review and Neolithic Example. , Irragric Anthrosols-Artifacts of Human Adaptation to Arid Conditions: Examples From the High Himalaya and the Coastal Desert of Peru -- Hunter-Gatherers, Agriculturalists, and Climate: Insights From a Cross-Disciplinary Review -- AGU Category Index -- Index.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge :Cambridge University Press,
    Keywords: Canadian literature. ; Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Asian Monsoon describes the causes, evolution and far-reaching effects of one of the most dramatic climatic phenomena on Earth. The book presents a multi-disciplinary overview of the monsoon for advanced students and researchers in atmospheric science, climatology, oceanography, geophysics, and geomorphology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (286 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9780511408267
    DDC: 551.5184
    Language: English
    Note: Cover -- Half-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- 1 The meteorology of monsoons -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Meteorology of the tropics -- 1.2.1 Observed zonal mean picture -- 1.2.2 Dynamical and thermodynamical constraints on the circulation -- 1.2.3 Longitudinal variations in tropical meteorology -- 1.2.4 Location of the convergence zones -- 1.3 The Indian Ocean monsoon system -- 1.3.1 Intraseasonal variability of the monsoon -- 1.3.2 Interannual variability -- 1.4 Theory of monsoons -- 1.4.1 General considerations -- 1.4.2 Role of orography -- 2 Controls on the Asian monsoon over tectonic timescales -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The influence of Tibet -- 2.2.1 Tectonic evidence for Tibetan uplift -- 2.2.2 Altitude proxies -- 2.2.3 Erosion and the uplift of Tibet -- 2.3 Oceanic controls on monsoon intensity -- 2.4 Summary -- 3 Monsoon evolution on tectonic timescales -- 3.1 Proxies for monsoon intensity -- 3.2 Monsoon reconstruction by oceanic upwelling -- 3.2.1 Monsoon winds in the Arabian Sea -- 3.2.2 Monsoon winds in the Eastern Indian Ocean -- 3.2.3 Monsoon winds in the South China Sea -- 3.2.4 Regional and global influences -- 3.3 Continental climate records -- 3.3.1 Weathering histories in the Western Himalayas -- 3.3.2 Weathering histories in the Eastern Himalayas -- 3.3.3 Weathering histories in Southern China -- 3.4 Eolian dust records -- 3.4.1 Eolian records in the Pacific Ocean -- 3.4.2 Eolian records in the Chinese Loess Plateau -- 3.4.3 Onset of Loess sedimentation -- 3.5 Evolving flora of East Asia -- 3.5.1 Flora evidence for an Early Miocene monsoon -- 3.5.2 Evidence from marine carbon -- 3.6 History of Western Pacific Warm Pool and the Monsoon -- 3.7 Summary -- 4 Monsoon evolution on orbital timescales -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Orbital controls on monsoon strength. , 4.3 Eolian records in North-east Asia -- 4.3.1 Marine records in the Sea of Japan -- 4.3.2 Lake records in Japan -- 4.3.3 Eolian records from the Loess Plateau of China -- 4.3.4 Eolian records from the North Pacific Ocean -- 4.4 Monsoon records from cave deposits -- 4.4.1 Hulu Cave in Eastern China -- 4.4.2 Dongge Cave in SW China -- 4.4.3 Timta Cave in the Western Himalayas -- 4.4.4 Cave records around the Arabian Sea -- 4.5 Monsoon variability recorded in ice caps -- 4.6 Monsoon variability recorded in lacustrine sediments -- 4.7 Salinity records in marine sediments -- 4.8 Pollen records in marine sediments -- 4.9 Paleoproductivity as an indicator of monsoon strength -- 4.9.1 Nitrogen isotopes -- 4.9.2 Organic carbon and phosphorus -- 4.9.3 Opal and foraminifers -- 4.10 The Early Holocene monsoon -- 4.10.1 Climate modeling -- 4.10.2 Peat bog records -- 4.10.3 El Niño Southern Oscillation effects -- 4.10.4 Links to ice volume and CH4 levels -- 4.10.5 Solar forcing -- 4.11 Mid-Late Holocene monsoon -- 4.12 Summary -- 5 Erosional impact of the Asian monsoon -- 5.1 Monsoon and oceanic strontium -- 5.2 Reconstructing erosion records -- 5.3 Reconstructing exhumation -- 5.4 Estimating marine sediment budgets -- 5.5 Erosion in Indochina -- 5.6 Erosion in other regions -- 5.7 Monsoon rains in Oman -- 5.8 Changes in monsoon-driven erosion on orbital timescales -- 5.8.1 Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta -- 5.8.2 Indus Delta -- 5.8.3 South China Sea -- 5.9 Tectonic impact of monsoon strengthening -- 5.9.1 Erosion on millennial timescales -- 5.10 Climatic control over Himalaya exhumation -- 5.11 Summary -- 6 The Late Holocene monsoon and human society -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Holocene climate change and the Fertile Crescent -- 6.3 Holocene climate change and the Indus Valley -- 6.3.1 The Harappan Civilization -- 6.3.2 The Saraswati River. , 6.4 Holocene climate change and early Chinese cultures -- 6.5 Monsoon developments since 1000 AD -- 6.5.1 Ice-core records -- 6.5.2 Tree-ring records -- 6.5.3 Historical correlations -- 6.6 Monsoon and religion -- 6.6.1 Holy monsoon rivers -- 6.6.2 Monsoon religious festivals -- 6.6.3 Monsoons and polytheism -- 6.7 Impacts of future monsoon evolution -- 6.8 Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Index.
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  • 3
    Keywords: Geology Arabian Sea Region ; Plate tectonics Arabian Sea Region ; Climatic changes Arabian Sea Region ; Konferenzschrift 2001 ; Konferenzschrift ; Arabisches Meer Region ; Tektonik ; Paläoklimatologie ; Historische Geologie ; Arabisches Meer Region ; Tektonik ; Paläoklimatologie ; Historische Geologie ; Arabisches Meer Region ; Historische Geologie ; Tektonik ; Klima
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: VI, 525 S. , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 1862391114
    Series Statement: Special publication / Geological Society 195
    DDC: 555.3
    Language: English
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, DC : American Geophysical Union
    Keywords: Climatic changes ; Plate tectonics ; Sediments (Geology) ; Geology
    Description / Table of Contents: This book presents wide-ranging discussions on continent-continent and arc-continent collision tectonics, sedimentology, and associated climatic evolution
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (ix, 337 p) , ill. (some col.), maps (some col.)
    Edition: [S.l.] HathiTrust Digital Library 2010 Electronic reproduction
    Series Statement: Geophysical monograph 149
    DDC: 551.1/36/091644
    Language: English
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Use copy Restrictions unspecified star MiAaHDL , Problem of positioning Paleogene Eurasia , Reconstructing the lost eastern Tethys Ocean Basin , Sundaland basins , Formation of the Japan and Kuril Basins in the late Tertiary , Experimental constraints on Cenozoic development of Ying-Qiong Basin in NW South China Sea , Seafloor spreading anomalies in the South China Sea revisited , Geodynamic context of the Taiwan Orogene , Under-filled foreland basin in the northern South China Sea off southeast Taiwan , High-resolution seismic reflection studies of late Quaternary sediments in the eastern Yellow Sea , Formation of a mud belt and sand ridges during Holocene sea-level rise, southeastern Yellow Sea , Late Quaternary sedimentation in the eastern Continental Margin of the Korean Peninsula , Sediment supply tectonic subsidence, and basin-filling patterns across the southwestern South China Sea during Plicene to recent time , Marine sedimentary evidence for monsoon strengthening, Tibetan uplift and drainage evolution in East Asia , Onset and evolution of millennial-scale variability in the Asian monsoon and its impact on Paleoceanography of the Japan Sea , Neogene history of the Indonesian throughflow , Orbitally paced climate variability during the Middle Miocene , Electronic reproduction , Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  The Dras 1 Volcanic Formation of the Ladakh Himalaya, India, represents the eastern, upper crustal equivalent of the lower crustal gabbros and mantle peridotites of the Kohistan Arc exposed in Pakistan. Together these form a Cretaceous intraoceanic arc now located within the Indus Suture zone between India and Eurasia. During the Late Cretaceous, the Dras–Kohistan Arc, which was located above a north-dipping subduction zone, collided with the south-facing active margin of Eurasia, resulting in a switch from oceanic to continental arc volcanism. In the present study we analyzed samples from the pre-collisional Dras 1 Volcanic Formation and the postcollisional Kardung Volcanic Formation for a suite of trace elements and Nd isotopes. The Kardung Volcanic Formation shows more pronounced light rare earth element enrichment, higher Th/La and lower ɛNd values compared with the Dras 1 Volcanic Formation. These differences are consistent with an increase in the reworking of the continental crust by sediment subduction through the arc after collision. As little as 20% of the Nd in the Dras 1 Volcanic Formation might be provided by sources such as the Karakoram, while approximately 45% of the Nd in the Kardung Volcanic Formation is from this source. However, even before collision, the Dras–Kohistan Arc shows geochemical evidence for more continental sediment contamination than is seen in modern western Pacific arcs, implying its relative proximity to the Eurasian landmass. Comparison of the lava chemistry in the Dras–Kohistan Arc with that in the forearc turbidites suggests that these sediments are partially postcollisional, Jurutze Formation and not all pre-collisional Nindam Formation. Thus, the Dras–Eurasia collision can be dated as Turonian–Santonian (83.5–93.5 Ma), older than it was previously considered to be, but consistent with radiometric ages from Kohistan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 438 (2005), S. 1001-1003 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Uplift of mountains driven by tectonic forces can influence regional climate as well as regional drainage patterns, which in turn control the discharge of eroded sediment to the ocean. But the nature of the interactions between tectonic forces, climate and drainage evolution remains contested. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2020-07-31
    Description: Atmospheric CO2 and global climate are closely coupled. Since 800 ka CO2 concentrations have been up to 50% higher during interglacial compared to glacial periods. Because of its dependence on temperature, humidity, and erosion rates, chemical weathering of exposed silicate minerals was suggested to have dampened these cyclic variations of atmospheric composition. Cooler and drier conditions and lower non-glacial erosion rates suppressed in situ chemical weathering rates during glacial periods. However, using systematic variations in major element geochemistry, Sr–Nd isotopes and clay mineral records from Ocean Drilling Program Sites 1143 and 1144 in the South China Sea spanning the last 1.1 Ma, we show that sediment deposited during glacial periods was more weathered than sediment delivered during interglacials. We attribute this to subaerial exposure and weathering of unconsolidated shelf sediments during glacial sealevel lowstands. Our estimates suggest that enhanced silicate weathering of tropical shelf sediments exposed during glacial lowstands can account for ~9% of the carbon dioxide removed from the atmosphere during the glacial and thus represent a significant part of the observed glacial–interglacial variation of ~80 ppmv. As a result, if similar magnitudes can be identified in other tropical shelf-slope systems, the effects of increased sediment exposure and subsequent silicate weathering during lowstands could have potentially enhanced the drawdown of atmospheric CO2 during cold stages of the Quaternary. This in turn would have caused an intensification of glacial cycles.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: The cause of rapid hydrological changes in the tropical West Pacific during the last deglaciation remains controversial. In order to test whether these changes were triggered by abrupt climate change events in the North Atlantic Ocean, variations in precipitation during the last deglaciation (18–10 ka) were extracted from proxy records of chemical weathering and terrigenous input in the western Philippine Sea (WPS). The evolution of chemical weathering and terrigenous input since 27 ka was reconstructed using the chemical index of alteration (CIA), elemental ratios (K/Al, TOC/TN and Ti/Ca), δ13Corg, terrigenous fraction abundance and flux data from International Marine Global Change Study Program (IMAGES) core MD06-3054 collected on the upper continental slope of eastern Luzon (northern Philippines). Sediment deposited during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) shows weathering equal to or slightly greater than Holocene sediment in the WPS. This unusual state of chemical weathering, which is inconsistent with lower air temperatures and decreased precipitation in Luzon during the LGM, may be due to reworking of poorly consolidated sediments on the eastern Luzon continental shelf during the LGM sea-level lowstand. Rapid changes in chemical weathering, characterized by higher intensity during the Heinrich event 1 (H1) and Younger Dryas (YD) and lower intensity during the Bølling-Allerød (B/A), were linked to rapid variations in precipitation in the WPS during the last deglaciation. The higher terrigenous inputs during the LGM relative to those of the Holocene were controlled by sea-level changes rather than precipitation. The terrigenous inputs show a long-term decline during the last deglaciation, punctuated by brief spikes during the H1 and YD related to sea-level rises and rapid precipitation changes in the WPS, respectively. The proxy records of chemical weathering and terrigenous input from eastern Luzon suggest high rainfall during the H1 and YD events, consistent with inferred rainfall patterns based on Fe/Ca records from offshore Mindanao. Rapid precipitation changes in the WPS did not coincide with migrations of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) but, rather, were related to state shifts of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) during the last deglaciation. Based on proxy records and modeling results, we argue that the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) controlled rapid precipitation changes in the tropical West Pacific through zonal shifts of ENSO or meridional migration of the ITCZ during the last deglaciation. Our findings highlight the dominant role of the North Atlantic Ocean in the tropical hydrologic cycle during the last deglaciation.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Highlights • Morphology and evolution of a Cretaceous contourite drift in the eastern Central Atlantic oceanic basin. • Backstripping of the regional cross section reveals the water-depth range at which the observed sedimentary features occur. • Cretaceous geological interval and oceanic model mirrors the stratification of the Modern Ocean and the morphology of its seafloor. Abstract The evolution and resulting morphology of a Cretaceous contourite drift in the eastern Central Atlantic oceanic basin is investigated in unprecedented detail using seismic imaging and age-calibrated cross-margin sections. The margin, from the shelf, slope to deep-water and abyssal plain is constructed by a succession of erosive and depositional mounded structures that relate to bottom-water currents and sediment winnowing. The regional mapping of these drifts, sediment waves and gravitational sedimentary systems allows us to test the Upper Cretaceous paleocirculation model. Combined with flexural backstripping of the regional cross section, it reveals the water-depth range at which the observed sedimentary features occur. A possible late Albian to Turonian contourite drift system is observed from Guinea to Mauritania. The development of a shallow to deep oceanic circulation system is a key element in the rock record, with implications for the palaeoceanography and layering of the Cretaceous ocean. The Cretaceous geological interval and oceanic model mirrors the stratification of the modern ocean and the morphology of its seafloor from offshore Morocco to Guinea.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2012-05-01
    Description: The Gulf of Alaska is one of the largest accretionary complexes on Earth. In this study, we examined the earliest phase of accretion in the Mesozoic McHugh Complex and Valdez Groups, exposed in SE Alaska. The oldest preserved fragment, the Mesomélange assemblage, is Jurassic (ca. 160–140 Ma) and consists of an ∼3-km-thick structural package of strongly deformed shaley materials with slices of oceanic cherts and basalts. Heavy minerals indicate dominant erosion from a magmatic arc source uplifted after the collision of the Wrangellia and the Talkeetna oceanic arc. A tectonic erosion event affected the forearc just prior to ca. 120 Ma and was likely caused by seamount collision, ridge subduction, or both. This was followed at 105 Ma by mass wasting of sandstone and conglomerates, preserved as the Graywacke-Conglomerate assemblage (ca. 105–83 Ma). Heavy minerals indicate continued flux from arc sources, but with significant changes suggesting a larger, more diverse catchment area. Erosion of deeper crustal sources provided high-Mg diopside and garnets to the trench. Faster sediment flux was caused by rock uplift triggered by final accretion of the Wrangellia-Peninsula terrane to North America. The start of large-scale accretion in Alaska roughly coincided with the initiation of Shimanto Complex accretion in Japan and can be understood as primarily linked to sediment supply driven by plate-margin tectonics rather than climatically induced erosion onshore.
    Print ISSN: 0016-7606
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2674
    Topics: Geosciences
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