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  • 1
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    The CBLAST-Hurricane program and the next-generation fully coupled atmosphere–wave–ocean models for hurricane research and prediction (2010)
    American Meteorological Society
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 88 (2007): 311-317, doi:10.1175/bams-88-3-311.
    Description: The record-setting 2005 hurricane season has highlighted the urgent need for a better understanding of the factors that contribute to hurricane intensity, and for the development of corresponding advanced hurricane prediction models to improve intensity forecasts. The lack of skill in present forecasts of hurricane intensity may be attributed, in part, to deficiencies in the current prediction models—insufficient grid resolution, inadequate surface and boundary-layer formulations, and the lack of full coupling to a dynamic ocean. The extreme high winds, intense rainfall, large ocean waves, and copious sea spray in hurricanes push the surface-exchange parameters for temperature, water vapor, and momentum into untested regimes. The Coupled Boundary Layer Air–Sea Transfer (CBLAST)-Hurricane program is aimed at developing improved parameterizations using observations from the CBLAST-Hurricane field program that will be suitable for the next generation of hurricane-prediction models. The most innovative aspect of the CBLAST-Hurricane modeling effort is the development and testing of a fully coupled atmosphere–wave–ocean modeling system that is capable of resolving the eye and eyewall at ~1-km grid resolution, which is consistent with a key recommendation for the next-generation hurricane-prediction models by the NOAA Science Advisor Board Hurricane Intensity Research Working Group. It is also the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) plan for the new Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF) model to be implemented operationally in 2007–08.
    Description: The CBLAST-Hurricane is a research program supported by a departmental research initiative at the Office of Naval Research (ONR). The research is supported by ONR Research Grants N00014-01-1-0156, N00014-04-1-0109, N00014-01-F-0052, and SBIR for the EM-APEX development and deployment.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 2
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    An ocean coupling potential intensity index for tropical cyclones (2013)
    John Wiley & Sons
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © American Geophysical Union, 2013. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geophysical Research Letters 40 (2013): 1878–1882, doi:10.1002/grl.50091.
    Description: Timely and accurate forecasts of tropical cyclones (TCs, i.e., hurricanes and typhoons) are of great importance for risk mitigation. Although in the past two decades there has been steady improvement in track prediction, improvement on intensity prediction is still highly challenging. Cooling of the upper ocean by TC-induced mixing is an important process that impacts TC intensity. Based on detail in situ air-deployed ocean and atmospheric measurement pairs collected during the Impact of Typhoons on the Ocean in the Pacific (ITOP) field campaign, we modify the widely used Sea Surface Temperature Potential Intensity (SST_PI) index by including information from the subsurface ocean temperature profile to form a new Ocean coupling Potential Intensity (OC_PI) index. Using OC_PI as a TC maximum intensity predictor and applied to a 14 year (1998–2011) western North Pacific TC archive, OC_PI reduces SST_PI-based overestimation of archived maximum intensity by more than 50% and increases the correlation of maximum intensity estimation from r2 = 0.08 to 0.31. For slow-moving TCs that cause the greatest cooling, r2 increases to 0.56 and the root-mean square error in maximum intensity is 11 m s−1. As OC_PI can more realistically characterize the ocean contribution to TC intensity, it thus serves as an effective new index to improve estimation and prediction of TC maximum intensity.
    Description: This work is supported by Taiwan’s National Science Council and National Taiwan University (grant numbers: NSC 101- 2111-M-002-002-MY2; NSC 101-2628-M-002-001-MY4; 102R7803) and US Office of Naval Research (ONR) under the Impact of Typhoons on Pacific (ITOP) program. PB’s support is provided by ONR under PE 0601153N through NRL Contract N00173-10-C-6019.
    Keywords: Tropical cyclones ; Potential intensity index ; Ocean cooling
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    Coupled ocean-atmosphere forecasting at short and medium time scales (2018)
    Sears Foundation for Marine Research
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    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2017. This article is posted here by permission of Sears Foundation for Marine Research for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Marine Research 75 (2017): 877-921, doi:10.1357/002224017823523991.
    Description: Recent technological advances over the past few decades have enabled the development of fully coupled atmosphere-ocean modeling prediction systems that are used today to support short-term (days to weeks) and medium-term (10–21 days) needs for both the operational and research communities. We overview the coupling framework, including model components and grid resolution considerations, as well as the coupling physics by examining heat fluxes between atmosphere and ocean, momentum transfer, and freshwater fluxes. These modeling systems can be run as fully coupled atmosphere-ocean and atmosphere-ocean-wave configurations. Examples of several modeling systems applied to complex coastal regions including Madeira Island, Adriatic Sea, Coastal California, Gulf of Mexico, Brazil, and the Maritime Continent are presented. In many of these studies, a variety of field campaigns have contributed to a better understanding of the underlying physics associated with the atmosphere-ocean feedbacks. Examples of improvements in predictive skill when run in coupled mode versus standalone are shown. Coupled model challenges such as model initialization, data assimilation, and earth system prediction are discussed.
    Description: JP acknowledges support from Office of Naval Research (ONR) grant N00014- 10-1-0300. RAA and TAS were supported through the 6.2 NRL Core Project “Coupled Ocean–Wave Prediction System” Program Element #0602435N. HS acknowledges support from ONR (N00014- 15-1-2588), NSF (OCE-f 419235), andNOAA(NA15OAR4310176). AJMwas supported by the NSF Earth System Modeling Program (OCE1419306) and the NOAA Climate Variability and Prediction Program (NA14OAR4310276). LPP is supported by CNPq’s fellowships on scientific productivity (CNPq 304009/2016-4). JA and RC were financially supported by the Oceanic Observatory of Madeira Project (M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000001-Observatório Oceânico da Madeira-OOM).
    Keywords: Coupled air-sea modeling
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 4
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    Effect of covalent bonding on the superconducting critical temperature of the H-S-Se system (2018)
    American Physical Society (APS)
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    Publication Date: 2018-11-02
    Description: Author(s): Binbin Liu, Wenwen Cui, Jingming Shi, Li Zhu, Ju Chen, Shuyi Lin, Ruiming Su, Jiayu Ma, Kang Yang, Meiling Xu, Jian Hao, Artur P. Durajski, Jingshan Qi, Yanling Li, and Yinwei Li Hydrogen-rich materials have attracted great interest since the recent discovery of superconductivity at 203 K in highly compressed hydrogen sulfide. To probe the role of covalent bonding in determining the T c of hydrogen-related superconductors, we systematically studied the crystal structure and s... [Phys. Rev. B 98, 174101] Published Thu Nov 01, 2018
    Keywords: Structure, structural phase transitions, mechanical properties, defects
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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