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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Self-Organization in Biological Systems. (2001)
    Princeton :Princeton University Press,
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Electronic books.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: No detailed description available for "Self-Organization in Biological Systems".
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: 1 online resource (548 pages)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9780691212920
    Serie: Princeton Studies in Complexity Series ; v.7
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=6175080
    DDC: 570/.1/1
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Cover page -- Half-title page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Contents -- Explanation of Color Plates -- Prologue: Aims and Scope of the Book -- Part I: Introduction to Biological Self-Organization -- Chapter 1 - What Is Self-Organization? -- Chapter 2 - How Self-OrganizationWorks -- Chapter 3 - Characteristics of Self-Organizing Systems -- Chapter 4 - Alternatives to Self-Organization -- Chapter 5 - Why Self-Organization? -- Chapter 6 - Investigation of Self-Organization -- Chapter 7 - Misconceptions about Self-Organization -- Part II: Case Studies -- Chapter 8 - Pattern Formation in Slime Molds and Bacteria -- Chapter 9 - Feeding Aggregations of Bark Beetles -- Chapter 10 - Synchronized Flashing among Fireflies -- Chapter 11 - Fish Schooling -- Chapter 12 - Nectar Source Selection by Honey Bees -- Chapter 13 - Trail Formation in Ants -- Chapter 14 - The Swarm Raids of Army Ants -- Chapter 15 - Colony Thermoregulation in Honey Bees -- Chapter 16 - Comb Patterns in Honey Bee Colonies -- Chapter 17 - Wall Building by Ants -- Chapter 18 - Termite Mound Building -- Chapter 19 - Construction Algorithms in Wasps -- Chapter 20 - Dominance Hierarchies in Paper Wasps -- Part III: Conclusions -- Chapter 21 - Lessons, Speculations, and the Future of Self-Organization -- Notes -- References -- Index.
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Collective decisions and cognition in bees (1999)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 397 (1999), S. 400-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] In a remarkable example of collective decision-making, swarms of honeybees, Apis mellifera, choose one of many nest sites discovered and reported by their scouts. At first, dancing scouts communicate the location of many sites, but within a few days all dances focus on the same high-quality ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/17047
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mushroom chemical defense (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 9 (1983), S. 1439-1447 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Tricholomataceae ; Lentinellus ursinus ; sesquiterpene ; antifeedant ; bioassay ; isovelleral ; mushrooms ; opossum ; Didelphis virginiana ; pungency ; dialdehyde
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract A new bioassay employing a natural fungivore, the opossumDidelphis virginiana, is described. Using this bioasssay, eighteen species of fungi were tested for palatability. Five species of mushrooms, all of which taste pungent to humans, were found to be unpalatable to the opossum. From the least palatable of these,Lentinellus ursinus, the pungent principle was isolated and identified as isovelleral, a previously described fungal metabolite. The compound was shown to be a potent antifeedant to opossums. By means of difference NOE and relaxation time NMR studies, the relative configuration and solution conformation of isovelleral were deduced.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00990749
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On a simplified model for pattern formation in honey bee colonies (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical biology 30 (1992), S. 281-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Schlagwort(e): Insect societies ; Honey bees ; Mathematical model ; Pattern formation ; Self-organisation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract We present a simplified version of a previously presented model (Camazine et al. (1990)) that generates the characteristic pattern of honey, pollen and brood which develops on combs in honey bee colonies. We demonstrate that the formation of a band of pollen surrounding the brood area is dependent on the assumed form of the honey and pollen removal terms, and that a significant pollen band arises as the parameter controlling the rate of pollen input passes through a bifurcation value. The persistence of the pollen band after a temporary increase in pollen input can be predicted from the model. We also determine conditions on the parameters which ensure the accumulation of honey in the periphery and demonstrate that, although there is an important qualitative difference between the simplified and complete models, an analysis of the simplified version helps us understand many biological aspects of the more complex complete model.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176152
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Collective decision-making in honey bees: how colonies choose among nectar sources (1991)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 28 (1991), S. 277-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary A honey bee colony can skillfully choose among nectar sources. It will selectively exploit the most profitable source in an array and will rapidly shift its foraging efforts following changes in the array. How does this colony-level ability emerge from the behavior of individual bees? The answer lies in understanding how bees modulate their colony's rates of recruitment and abandonment for nectar sources in accordance with the profitability of each source. A forager modulates its behavior in relation to nectar source profitability: as profitability increases, the tempo of foraging increases, the intensity of dancing increases, and the probability of abandoning the source decreases. How does a forager assess the profitability of its nectar source? Bees accomplish this without making comparisons among nectar sources. Neither do the foragers compare different nectar sources to determine the relative profitability of any one source, nor do the food storers compare different nectar loads and indicate the relative profitability of each load to the foragers. Instead, each forager knows only about its particular nectar source and independently calculates the absolute profitability of its source. Even though each of a colony's foragers operates with extremely limited information about the colony's food sources, together they will generate a coherent colonylevel response to different food sources in which better ones are heavily exploited and poorer ones are abandoned. This is shown by a computer simulation of nectar-source selection by a colony in which foragers behave as described above. Nectar-source selection by honey bee colonies is a process of natural selection among alternative nectar sources as foragers from more profitable sources “survive” (continue visiting their source) longer and “reproduce” (recruit other foragers) better than do foragers from less profitable sources. Hence this colonial decision-making is based on decentralized control. We suggest that honey bee colonies possess decentralized decision-making because it combines effectiveness with simplicity of communication and computation within a colony.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00175101
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The regulation of pollen foraging by honey bees: how foragers assess the colony's need for pollen (1993)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 32 (1993), S. 265-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The honey bee colony presents a challenging paradox. Like an organism, it functions as a coherent unit, carefully regulating its internal milieu. But the colony consists of thousands of loosely assembled individuals each functioning rather autonomously. How, then, does the colony acquire the necessary information to organize its work force? And how do individuals acquire information about specific colony needs, and thus know what tasks need be performed? I address these questions through experiments that analyze how honey bees acquire information about the colony's need for pollen and how they regulate its collection. The results demonstrate features of the colony's system for regulating pollen foraging: (1) Pollen foragers quickly acquire new information about the colony's need for pollen. (2) When colony pollen stores are supplemented, many pollen foragers respond by switching to nectar foraging or by remaining in the hive and ceasing to forage at all. (3) Pollen foragers do not need direct contact with pollen to sense the colony's change of state, nor do they use the odor of pollen as a cue to assess the colony's need for pollen. (4) Pollen foragers appear to obtain their information about colony pollen need indirectly from other bees in the hive. (5) The information takes the form of an inhibitory cue. The proposed mechanism for the regulation of pollen foraging involves a hierarchical system of information acquisition and a negative feedback loop. By taking advantage of the vast processing capacity of large numbers of individuals working in parallel, such a system of information acquisition and dissemination may be ideally suited to promote efficient regulation of labor within the colony. Although each individual relies on only limited, local information, the colony as a whole achieves a finely-tuned response to the changing conditions it experiences.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00166516
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mammalian breath: trigger of defensive chemical response in a tenebrionid beetle (Bolitotherus cornutus) (1985)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 16 (1985), S. 115-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The tenebrionid beetle Bolitotherus cornutus everts a pair of quinone-producing defensive glands in response to mammalian breath. Experiments with a controlled airstream indicate that the beetle “recognizes” breath on the basis of temperature, humidity, and airflow dynamics. Under attack by mice the beetle everts the glands immediately upon being mouthed and may secure its release as a result. Against ants the beetle is protected by its tough exoskeleton and usually refrains from everting the glands. Other arthropods also show defensive responses when breathed upon.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00295144
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Self-organizing pattern formation on the combs of honey bee colonies (1991)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 28 (1991), S. 61-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary A characteristic pattern of brood, pollen, and honey develops on the combs of a honey bee colony, consisting of three distinct concentric regions — a central brood area, a surrounding rim of pollen, and a large peripheral region of honey. That the pattern is consistent and well-organized suggests its adaptive value for the colony, yet the mechanism of pattern formation has not been elucidated. Two hypotheses are presented. The blueprint (or template) hypothesis suggests that there are particular locations specified for the deposition of eggs, pollen and honey, i.e., the pattern develops as a consequence of the bees filling in the comb according to the orderly arrangement latent in the blueprint. An alternative is the “self-organization” hypothesis: pattern emerges spontaneously from dynamic interactions among the processes of depositing and removing brood, pollen and honey, without a plan specifying spatial relationships. Computer simulation of the self-organization hypothesis demonstrates how the colony-level pattern can emerge and how, using only local cues and simple behavioral rules, the bees can create an overall, global pattern of which they have no concept.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00172140
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Organization of the antennal motor system in the sphinx moth Manduca sexta (1997)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 287 (1997), S. 425-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Antenna ; Antennal muscles ; Motoneurons ; Brain ; insect ; Deutocerebrum ; Manduca sexta (Insecta)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. The antennae of the sphinx moth Manduca sexta are multimodal sense organs, each comprising three segments: scape, pedicel, and flagellum. Each antenna is moved by two systems of muscles, one controlling the movement of the scape and consisting of five muscles situated in the head capsule (extrinsic muscles), and the other system located within the scape (intrinsic muscles) and consisting of four muscles that move the pedicel. At least seven motoneurons innervate the extrinsic muscles, and at least five motoneurons innervate the intrinsic muscles. The dendritic fields of the antennal motoneurons overlap one another extensively and are located in the neuropil of the antennal mechanosensory and motor center. The density of motoneuronal arborizations is greatest in the lateral part of this neuropil region and decreases more medially. None of the motoneurons exhibits a contralateral projection. The cell bodies of motoneurons innervating the extrinsic muscles are distributed throughout an arching band of neuronal somata dorsal and dorsolateral to the neuropil of the antennal mechanosensory and motor center, whereas the cell bodies of motoneurons innervating the intrinsic muscles reside mainly among the neuronal somata situated dorsolateral to that neuropil.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050767
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Antifeedant action ofZ-dihydromatricaria acid from soldier beetles (Chauliognathus spp.) (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 7 (1981), S. 1149-1158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Dihydromatricaria acid ; antifeedant ; acetylenic acid ; Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus ; Coleoptera ; Cantharidae ; soldier beetles ; Phidippus ; jumping spider ; bioassay ; defensive secretion ; defensive behavior
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The acetylenic acid,Z-dihydromatricaria acid (DHMA), previously isolated from the defensive secretion ofChauliognathus lecontei, and now shown to occur also inC. pennsylvanicus, is a potent feeding deterrent to jumping spiders (Phidippus spp.). A simple bioassay withPhidippus is described, which is generally applicable to studies dealing with the isolation and evaluation of feeding deterrency of natural products from insects. By use of this assay,Phidippus were shown to be sensitive to as little as 1 μg DHMA, an amount equivalent to less than 2% of the DHMA content ofC. pennsylvanicus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987634
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