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  • 1
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    Old questions-new pictures: advances in aestivation research with NMR (2007)
    In:  EPIC3Comparative biochemistry and physiology a, 148, A, pp. 125-126, ISSN: 1095-6433
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-16
    Beschreibung: Recently, minimal and non-invasive tools for organismic physiology like MR imaging and spectroscopy (NMR) became more and more available in zoological physiology. These techniques have opened a broad window of applications in comparative physiology. For example, we could show that in vivo MR imaging and spectroscopy techniques adequately monitor the effects of long-term anoxia (up to 11 days) on circulatory performance, cellular energy metabolism and acid-base regulation in freshwater turtles (Trachemys scripta). In another project, tissue oxygenation and blood flow were studied together with energy metabolism and acid-base regulation in ground squirrels during hibernatation and arousal. African lungfishes (Protopterus spp.) undergo aestivation during dry periods. Recently, P. spp. were successfully brought into aestivation after building a dried mucous cocoon inside a plastic container (Chew et al. 2004). This set-up was used to investigate aestivating lungfish under normoxia and hypoxia in a MRI scanner by monitoring high-energy phosphates and intracellular pH through in vivo 31P-NMR spectroscopy over a time period of 12 days. Large changes occurred in phosphodiester concentrations during transition to aestivation, indicating dramatic changes in cellular membrane properties.Chew et al. (2004). J. Exp. Biol. 207, 777-786.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Conference , notRev
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  • 2
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    Effects of hypoxia on the energy status and nitrogen metabolism of African lungfish during aestivation in a mucus cocoon (2008)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Comparative Physiology B.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-16
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Study of the sexual maturity of female bluefin tuna: purification and partial characterization of vitellogenin and its use in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 58 (2001), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Plasma steroid levels of female bluefin tuna (BFT) Thunnus thynnus rose from c. 1·5 ng ml−1 during the quiescent period (March) to c. 7 ng ml−1 during the ripening period (May). Testosterone (T) increased further to c. 8 ng ml−1 during the pre-spawning period (June) while 17β-oestradiol (E2) began to decrease. In the post-spawning period (August) steroid levels decreased to 〈 1 ng ml−1. Vitellogenin (Vtg) plasma levels seemed to follow changes in E2, showing an increase from the quiescent period to the ripening period of c. 18 mg ml−1, decreasing slightly before spawning, and then decreasing after spawning. The Vtg content in plasma showed a good correlation both with the plasma levels of E2 and T and with the percentage of vitellogenic oocytes at different periods of the reproductive cycle. Thus the ELISA could be taken as validated. Immunohistochemical staining of ovaries with anti BFT-Vtg serum demonstrated a high cross-reactivity with yolk proteins allowing the identification of vitellogenic oocytes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb00533.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A method for long-term measurement of respiration in intertidal fishes during simulated intertidal conditions (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 47 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Aquatic and aerial respiration of the amphibious fishes Lipophrys pholis and Periophthalmus barbarus were examined using a newly designed flow-through respirometer system. The system allowed long-term measurements of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide release during periods of aquatic and aerial respiration. The Mo 2 of L. pholis, measured at 15° C, was 2·1 μmol O2 g–1 h–1 during aquatic and 1·99 μmol O2 g–1 h–1 during aerial exposure. The corresponding values of the Mco2 were 1.67 and 1.59 μmol O2 g–1 h–1 respectively, giving an aquatic respiratory exchange ratio (RER) of 0·80 and an aerial RER of 0·79. The Mo2 of P. barbarus, measured at 28°C, was 4·05 μmol O2 g–1 h–1 during aquatic and 3·44 μmol O2 g–1 h–1 during aerial exposure. The corresponding values of the Mco2 were 3·29 μmol CO2 g–1 h–1 and 2·63 μmol CO2 g–1 h–1 respectively, giving an aquatic RER of 0·81 and an aerial RER of 0·77. While exposed to air for at least 10 h, both species showed no decrease in metabolic rate or carbon dioxide release. The RER of these fishes equalled their respiratory quotient. After re-immersion an increased oxygen consumption, due to the payment of an oxygen debt, could not be detected.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb01898.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Histological investigation on the ovarian cycle of the bluefin tuna in the western and central Mediterranean (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 63 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The histological analysis of eastern Atlantic bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus ovaries caught from February to September 1999–2000, made it possible to distinguish the presence of seven oocyte developmental stages and allowed the characterization of six time-dependent ovary maturity stages. The ovaries of mature (fork length, LF ≥ 110 cm) bluefin tuna were non-active from August (spent period) to March (quiescent period) when they contained only perinucleolar-stage oocytes. Ovary development started in April to early May (recrudescent period) with the appearance of oocytes at the lipid stage. Vitellogenesis appeared in mid-May (ripening period) and post-vitellogenesis occurred in late May to mid-June (pre-spawning period). In late June to early July, hydrated oocytes, a sign of imminent spawning, were found only in specimens caught in Balearic waters. Females ranging between 100 and 110 cm LF, captured during the recrudescent and ripening periods, had the largest oocytes at the lipid stage, most of which were degenerating. An extensive vitellogenic atresia was observed in the ovaries of five females caught during the spawning period in non-spawning areas.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00132.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Behavioural and physiological adaptations to a burrowing lifestyle in the snake blenny, Lumpenus lampretaeformis, and the red band-fish, Cepola rubescens (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 31 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Observations have been made on the mode of burrow construction in the snake blenny, Lumpenus lampretaeformis, under laboratory conditions. It appears that head probing and lateral oscillations of the body are principally responsible for the excavation of the burrow which is completed within 24 h. The burrow structure has been analysed in detail, showing a mean depth of 7.2 cm with a maximum observed length of 73 cm, with most systems between 20 and 35 cm in length. Initially linear burrows with two openings are usually provided with a small side tunnel, giving the system a characteristic Y-shape.Burrow irrigation was investigated for the first time in L. lampretaeformis. The mean duration of burrow irrigation, by flexions of the tail of the fish, was 21 s with over 13 min h−1 spent in irrigating the burrow. The mean water displacement per irrigation period was 3.1 ml. The PO2 and PCO2 were measured in both surface water and within the burrow system of L. lampretaeformis. Surface water values for PO2 were high (〉 150 Torr) and PCO2 low (〈0.4 Torr). Hypoxic and hypercapnic conditions were measured in the burrow system itself, with PO2 values ranging between 57 and 129 Torr and PCO2 rising to 〉 1.3 Torr in some burrows.A comparative study of Cepola rubescens burrows indicated similar surface water PO2 and PCO2 values as in L. lampretaeformis. Burrow water PO2 values ranged between 60 and 94 Torr, with PCO2 values as high as 1.5 Torr being recorded. These results are discussed in relation to the adaptation of both species to a burrowing lifestyle.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1987.tb05268.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Age, growth and feeding in the ballan wrasse Labrus bergylta Ascanius 1767 (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 11 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: A study of the age, growth and feeding of the protogynous wrasse Labrus bergylta (Teleostei: Labridae) was made on 25 male and 316 female specimens taken from the southern coasts of the Isle of Man from October 1972 to October 1974. Age determination and back-calculations for length were made from the opercular bones. The oldest male and female specimens were 29 and 25 years old respectively. The growth curves showed only a slight increase in growth rate after sexual inversion, and a pattern of slow irregular increase, with no pronounced levelling off in old fish. The time of sexual inversion varied widely: intersexual specimens of 5 and 14 years were found. The youngest functional male was 6 years old. The weight/length relationships of males and females were very similar and the following equation, derived from all individuals, was used to calculate weights for age utilizing the back-calculated lengths:〈displayedItem type="mathematics" xml:id="mu1" numbered="no"〉〈mediaResource alt="image" href="urn:x-wiley:00221112:JFB105:JFB_105_mu1"/〉 The mouth, pharyngeal teeth and gut length to fish length ratio (0.622) suggested an omnivorous diet. Analysis of gut contents confirmed this, with decapod Crustacea, isopods and molluscs the dominant food items. There were seasonal changes in feeding intensity and composition of the diet, related to temperature changes, onshore-offshore migration patterns, availability of food items, and changes in habitat associated with maturation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1977.tb04103.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Canine Right Caudal and Accessory Lobe Pulmonary Veins: Revised Anatomical Description, Clinical Relevance, and Embryological Implications (2005)
    Berlin, Germany : Blackwell Verlag GmbH
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 34 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Necropsy dissections were performed on nine dogs to provide an anatomical description of the right caudal and accessory lobe pulmonary veins. In all dogs, the pulmonary vein from the right caudal lung lobe initially paralleled the right caudal lung lobe bronchus, running cranially, medially, and ventrally. It diverged from the bronchus at the level of the pulmonary artery and bronchus of the accessory lung lobe. At this point, the pulmonary vein from the right caudal lung lobe coursed dorsal to the pulmonary artery and bronchus of the accessory lung lobe. Medial to the bronchus of the accessory lung lobe, it received the pulmonary vein from the accessory lung lobe on its ventral surface. Within the pericardium, this common venous trunk merged with the caudal aspect of the left atrium either with or immediately adjacent to the left caudal lobe pulmonary vein. These findings were corroborated during surgical dissection to achieve isolation of the heart in five dogs as part of an experimental study on intravascular gene delivery to the heart. These anatomical findings are relevant to clinical and experimental surgery and raise interesting questions about the embryological development of pulmonary veins in the dog.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0264.2005.00610.x
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxygen and carbon dioxide transporting properties of the blood of three sublittoral species of burrowing crab (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 155 (1985), S. 733-742 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary 1. A study has been made of the oxygen and carbon dioxide transporting properties of the blood of three species of crab,Goneplax rhomboides, a species which constructs semi-permanent burrows in sublittoral muds, andAtelecyclus rotundatus andLiocarcinus depurator which simply bury themselves in the substratum. Investigations were also made of thein vivo blood/gas parameters in these three species. The oxygen carrying capacity of the blood was similar in all three species (0.31–0.34 μmol·ml−1) as were arterial and venous oxygen tensions. Arterial and venous blood pH values were not significantly different but inL. depurator pHa was 8.08 compared with 7.81 in the other two species. At pH 7.8 and 10°C the oxygen affinity of the blood ofA. rotundatus (P 50=5.6 Torr) andG. rhomboides (P 50=4.1 Torr) was higher than that ofL. depurator (P 50=24.3 Torr). Oxygen affinity was relatively temperature independent between 5–15°C inA. rotundatus and inL. depurator butG. rhomboides exhibited a normal temperature dependence (ΔH=−64 kJ·mole−1). The Bohr effect was much larger inL. depurator (ϕ=−1.43) than inA. rotundatus (ϕ=−0.92) andG. rhomboides (ϕ=−0.59). 2. The haemocyanin of all three species exhibited a pronounced lactate effect i.e. an increase in blood lactate concentration increased the oxygen affinity of the haemocyanin, and inA. rotundatus it was also possible to demonstrate the existence of an unidentified factor in the blood which slightly increased the oxygen affinity of the haemocyanin. InA. rotundatus and inL. depurator, but not inG. rhomboides, an increase in blood lactate concentration caused a decrease in the cooperativity of the haemocyanin. 3. The blood ofA. rotundatus, G. rhomboides andL. depurator had a high capacitance for CO2 transport at physiological CO2 tensions and also exhibited a distinct Haldane effect, the magnitude of which differed between these species. The buffer value of the blood of these crabs was low (Δ[HCO3]/ΔpH=−4.93 to −5.99 mmol·l−1·pH unit−1). The observed differences in the oxygen and carbon dioxide transporting properties of the blood of these three species of crab are discussed in relation to their mode of life.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00694588
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The potentiating effect of purine bases and some of their derivatives on the oxygen affinity of haemocyanin from the crayfishAustropotamobius pallipes (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 156 (1986), S. 431-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary 1. At pH 7.8 theP 50 of dialysedAustropotamobius pallipes haemolymph (P 50=1.7 Torr) was 2.9 Torr greater than that of nondialysed haemolymph (P 50=4.6 Torr). This difference was not attributable to the specific effect ofl-lactate but rather to unidentified factors (U.F.) which increase the affinity of haemocyanin for oxygen. 2. The presence of 0.35 mM urate in the haemolymph of this species was confirmed as was the potentiating effect of this ion on oxygen affinity. In this study 2 mM urate reduced theP 50 of dialysed haemolymph by approximately 50% from 4.6 Torr to 2.1 Toor. 3. The specificity of the haemocyanin for a specific purine structure was demonstrated to be low as the urate analogues, caffeine and theobromine, isolated from plants also increased the oxygen affinity of dialysed haemolymph. 4. Metabolites arising from the degradation of ADP/ATP to urate can also increase haemocyanin oxygen affinity to a variable extent but not as effectively as urate. Compounds in which the purine ring was cleaved evoked very little or no specific enhancement of haemocyanin oxygen affinity. 5. A combination of purine bases and derivatives, shown to produce individually an increase in oxygen affinity, did not produce an effect in excess of that due to urate alone. The presence of high concentrations of urate in the haemolymph abolishes the specific effect ofl-lactate. 6. Additive and synergistic effects ofl-lactate and the various purine derivatives may account for 80% of the U.F. effect.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01101106
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