Beschreibung: In many cases, it takes several minutes after an earthquake to publish online a seismic location with confidence. Via monitoring for specific types of increased website, app, or Twitter usage, crowdsourced detection of seismic activity can be used to “seed” the search in the seismic data for an earthquake and reduce the risk of false detections, thereby accelerating the publication of locations for felt earthquakes. We demonstrate that this low-cost approach can work at the global scale to produce reliable and rapid results. The system was retroactively tested on a set of real crowdsourced detections of earthquakes made during 2016 and 2017, with 50% of successful locations found within 103 s, 76 s faster than GEOFON and 271 s faster than the European-Mediterranean Seismological Centre’s publication times, and 90% of successful locations found within 54 km of the final accepted epicenter.

Beschreibung: Within the EPOS Research Infrastructure initiative, the international European coordination of the seismological research infrastructure is coordinated through ORFEUS (www.orfeus-eu.org) and considerable assistance from EMSC (www.emsc-csem.org). A newly installed EPOS working group 1 ensure a coordinated engagement of all involved seismological research infrastructures. We are working on a comprehensive overview of the seismological observational networks and research infrastructure within Europe and its direct periphery. We will present this overview, its current capabilities and future potential as a coordinated infrastructure. In the past year a number of different projects and initiatives have been launched to investigate new IT developments and its opportunities for improved data services, quality control, data integration and interoperability. Specifically developments include web-services, distributed archives, real-time data exchange software, data curation, data provenance, quality control, etc. EC-projects like NERA, VERCE, EUDAT, ENVRI, COOPEUS, REAKT, but also a large number of national initiatives have obtained funding. We will provide an overview of their activities and their potential impact on the seismological research infrastructure. We will also present the challenges involved in coordinating and implementing these different IT initiatives. The seismological research infrastructure involves a widely diverse set of observational networks; broadband seismic networks, local specialised monitoring networks, mobile deployments, acceleration networks, borehole observations, near source observational networks, etc, divided over many countries. We will present an overview of these networks, and the initiatives and challenges to integrate these data and facilitate access for research. Consequently, we will present a comprehensive overview of the current seismological observatories and research infrastructure within Europe, its developments and its potential. We hope this overview triggers a debate on how to make full advantage of these research infrastructures and where near time development priorities should be.

Beschreibung: The Network of Research Infrastructures for European Seismology (NERIES) is European Commission (EC) project whose focus is networking together seismological observatories and research institutes into one integrated European infrastructure that provides access to data and data products for research. Seismological institutes and organizations in European and Mediterranean countries maintain large, geographically distributed data archives, therefore this scenario suggested a design approach based on the concept of an internet service oriented architecture (SOA) to establish a cyberinfrastructure for distributed and heterogeneous data streams and services. Moreover, one of the goals of NERIES is to design and develop a Web portal that acts as the uppermost layer of the infrastructure and provides rendering capabilities for the underlying sets of data. The Web services that are currently being designed and implemented will deliver data that has been adopted to appropriate formats. The parametric information about a seismic event is delivered using a seismology-specific Extensible mark-up Language(XML) format called QuakeML (https://quake.ethz.ch/quakeml), which has been formalized and implemented in coordination with global earthquake-information agencies. Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) are used to assign identifiers to (1) seismic-event parameters described by QuakeML, and (2) generic resources, for example, authorities, locations providers, location methods, software adopted, and so on, described by use of a data model constructed with the resource description framework (RDF) and accessible as a service. The European-Mediterranean Seismological Center (EMSC) has implemented a unique event identifier (UNID) that will create the seismic event URI used by the QuakeML data model. Access to data such as broadband waveform, accelerometric data and stations inventories will be also provided through a set of Web services that will wrap the middleware used by the seismological observatory or institute that is supplying the data. Each single application of the portal consists of a Java-based JSR-168-standard portlet (often provided with interactive maps for data discovery). In specific cases, it will be possible to distribute the deployment of the portlets among the data providers, such as seismological agencies, because of the adoption, within the distributed architecture of the NERIES portal of the Web Services for Remote Portlets (WSRP) standard for presentation-oriented web services The purpose of the portal is to provide to the user his own environment where he can surf and retrieve the data of interest, offering a set of shopping carts with storage and management facilities. This approach involves having the user interact with dedicated tools in order to compose personalized datasets that can be downloaded or combined with other information available either through the NERIES network of Web services or through the user‘s own carts. Administrative applications also are provided to perform monitoring tasks such as retrieving service statistics or scheduling submitted data requests. An administrative tool is included that allows the RDF model to be extended, within certain constraints, with new classes and properties.