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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of O2 availability on NO and N2O release by nitrification and denitrification in soils (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Global change biology 4 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: The availability of O2 is believed to be one of the main factors regulating nitrification and denitrification and the release of NO and N2O. The availability of O2 in soil is controlled by the O2 partial pressure in the gas phase and by the moisture content in the soil. Therefore, we investigated the influence of O2 partial pressures and soil moisture contents on the NO and N2O release in a sandy and a loamy silt and differentiated between nitrification and denitrification by selective inhibition of nitrification with 10 Pa acetylene. At 60% whc (maximum water holding capacity) NO and N2O release by denitrification increased with decreasing O2 partial pressure and reached a maximum under anoxic conditions. Under anoxic conditions NO and N2O were only released by denitrification. NO and N2O release by nitrification also increased with decreasing O2 partial pressure, but reached a maximum at 0.1–0.5% O2 and then decreased again. Nitrification was the main source of NO and N2O at O2 partial pressures higher than 0.1–0.5% O2. At lower O2 partial pressures denitrification was the main source of NO and N2O. With decreasing O2 partial pressure N2O release increased more than NO release, indicating that the N2O release was more sensitive against O2 than the NO release. At ambient O2 partial pressure (20.5% O2) NO and N2O release by denitrification increased with increasing soil moisture content. The maximum NO and N2O release was observed at soil moisture contents of 65–80% whc and 100% whc, respectively. NO and N2O release by nitrification also increased with increasing soil moisture content with a maximum at 45–55% whc and 90% whc, respectively. Nitrification was the main source of NO and N2O at soil moisture contents lower than 90% whc and 80% whc, respectively. Higher soil moisture contents favoured NO and N2O release by denitrification. Soil texture had also an effect on the release of NO and N2O. The coarse-textured sandy silt released more NO than N2O compared with the fine-textured loamy silt. At high soil moisture contents (80–100% whc) the fine-textured soil showed a higher N2O release by denitrification than the coarse-textured soil. We assume that the fine-textured soil became anoxic at a lower soil moisture content than the coarse-textured soil. In conclusion, the effects of O2 partial pressure, soil moisture and soil texture were consistent with the theory that denitrification increasingly contributes to the release of NO and in particular N2O when conditions for soil microorganisms become increasingly anoxic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00161.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics, diffusional limitation and microscale distribution of chemistry and organisms in a CANON reactor (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 51 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In the Completely Autotrophic Nitrogen removal Over Nitrite (CANON) process, aerobic and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria cooperate to remove ammonia in one oxygen-limited reactor. Kinetic studies, microsensor analysis, and fluorescence in situ hybridization on CANON biomass showed a partial differentiation of processes and organisms within and among aggregates. Under normal oxygen-limited conditions (∼5 μM O2), aerobic ammonia oxidation (nitrification) was restricted to an outer shell (〈100 μm) while anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) was found in the central anoxic parts. Larger type aggregates (〉500 μm) accounted for 68% of the anammox potential whereas 65% of the nitrification potential was found in the smaller aggregates (〈500 μm). Analysis with ∼5 μM O2 microsensors showed that the thickness of the activity zones varied as a function of bulk O2 and NO−2 concentrations and flow rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsec.2004.09.003
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous culture enrichments of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria at low ammonium concentrations (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 37 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Until now enrichments of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria from natural ammonium-limited environments have been performed mainly in the presence of much higher ammonia concentrations than those present in the natural environment and many have resulted in the enrichment and isolation of environmentally less important bacteria. Therefore, we used continuous cultures to enrich ammonia-oxidizing bacteria at growth-limiting ammonium concentrations of around 5 μM from the root zone of the macrophyte Glyceria maxima from the lake Drontermeer (The Netherlands). Molecular analysis at the end of the enrichment experiments showed that all continuous cultures consisted of Nitrosomonas cluster 6a, which comprises also Nitrosomonas ureae and Nitrosomonas oligotropha. This was independent of whether Nitrosomonas- or Nitrosospira-like bacteria were dominant in the inoculum. Thus all known ammonia-oxidizing bacteria belonging to Nitrosomonas cluster 6a are able to grow at very low ammonium concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2001.tb00868.x
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  • 4
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    Complete genome of Nitrosospira briensis C-128, an ammonia-oxidizing bacterium from agricultural soil (2016)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Standards in Genomic Sciences 11 (2016): 46, doi:10.1186/s40793-016-0168-4.
    Description: Nitrosospira briensis C-128 is an ammonia-oxidizing bacterium isolated from an acid agricultural soil. N. briensis C-128 was sequenced with PacBio RS technologies at the DOE-Joint Genome Institute through their Community Science Program (2010). The high-quality finished genome contains one chromosome of 3.21 Mb and no plasmids. We identified 3073 gene models, 3018 of which are protein coding. The two-way average nucleotide identity between the chromosomes of Nitrosospira multiformis ATCC 25196 and Nitrosospira briensis C-128 was found to be 77.2 %. Multiple copies of modules encoding chemolithotrophic metabolism were identified in their genomic context. The gene inventory supports chemolithotrophic metabolism with implications for function in soil environments.
    Description: The work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science JGI under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 for CSP 2010 project 1012224; USDA NIFA Award 2011-67019-30178, and the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Utah State University project UTA00371.
    Keywords: Nitrosospira ; Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria ; Nitrification ; Agricultural soil ; Ammonia monooxygenase ; Nitrous oxide ; Chemolithotroph
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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