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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phylogenetic and functional diversity of the cultivable bacterial community associated with the paralytic shellfish poisoning dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 47 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Gymnodinium catenatum is one of several dinoflagellates that produce a suite of neurotoxins called the paralytic shellfish toxins (PST), responsible for outbreaks of paralytic shellfish poisoning in temperate and tropical waters. Previous research suggested that the bacteria associated with the surface of the sexual resting stages (cyst) were important to the production of PST by G. catenatum. This study sought to characterise the cultivable bacterial diversity of seven different strains of G. catenatum that produce both high and abnormally low amounts of PST, with the long-term aim of understanding the role the bacterial flora has in bloom development and toxicity of this alga. Sixty-one bacterial isolates were cultured and phylogenetically identified as belonging to the Proteobacteria (70%), Bacteroidetes (26%) or Actinobacteria (3%). The Alphaproteobacteria were the most numerous both in terms of the number of isolates cultured (49%) and were also the most abundant type of bacteria in each G. catenatum culture. Two phenotypic (functional) traits inferred from the phylogenetic data were shown to be a common feature of the bacteria present in each G. catenatum culture: firstly, Alphaproteobacteria capable of aerobic anoxygenic photosynthesis, and secondly, Gammaproteobacteria capable of hydrocarbon utilisation and oligotrophic growth. In relation to reports of autonomous production of PST by dinoflagellate-associated bacteria, PST production by bacterial isolates was investigated, but none were shown to produce any PST-like toxins. Overall, this study has identified a number of emergent trends in the bacterial community of G. catenatum which are mirrored in the bacterial flora of other dinoflagellates, and that are likely to be of especial relevance to the population dynamics of natural and harmful algal blooms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-6496(03)00298-8
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and purification of Australian isolates of the toxic cyanobacteriumMicrocystis aeruginosa Kütz (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 8 (1996), S. 5-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: axenic culture ; cyanobacteria ; Microcystis ; toxic ; Spirochaeta
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Isolation and laboratory culture ofMicrocystis aeruginosa Kütz. using a growth medium (MLA medium) suitable for both non-axenic and axenic cultures is described. Seventeen established strains ofM. aeruginosa were subjected to one or more of three purification methods: centrifugation cleaning, sulphide gradient selection, and antibiotic treatment (Imipenem®). While each method purified only about half of the strains attempted, the selective application of each method, based on the morphological characteristics of the strains, succeeded in purifying 12 of the 17 strains. Three of the 5 strains not purified were contaminated with a sulphide-tolerant, Imipenem-resistant spirochaete,Spirochaeta cf.aurantia, which could not be detected on normal, broad spectrum bacterial test media. The presence of this bacterial species was detected only by phase contrast and DAPI (4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) stained fluorescence microscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02186215
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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