Keywords:
Estuarine ecology.
;
Electronic books.
Description / Table of Contents:
A comprehensive, state-of-the-art synthesis of biogeochemical dynamics at major river-coastal interfaces for advanced students and researchers. It presents a unique perspective on how humans have altered these systems, as well as the implications of these changes on issues as diverse as the health of fisheries and the global carbon budget.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (674 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9781107503571
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=1543613
DDC:
577.14
Language:
English
Note:
Intro -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Section I Introduction -- 1 An introduction to the biogeochemistry of river-coastal systems -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Riverine inputs of particulate and dissolved organic matter to the coastal ocean -- 2.1. The conundrum of missing OC -- 3. Transport processes and controls on OM preservation -- 4. CO2 fluxes in coastal waters -- 5. Possible links between coastal water CO2 flux and riverine loadings -- 6. Directions for future research -- Section II Water and sediment dynamics from source to sink -- 2 Water and sediment dynamics through the wetlands and coastal water bodies of large river deltaic plains -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Mechanisms of water and sediment input to the delta plain -- 2.1. Avulsion and distributary channel evolution -- 2.2. Overbank and crevasse processes -- 2.3. Groundwater and rainwater input -- 3. Processes and simulation of water and sediment circulation in deltaic plains and estuaries -- 3.1. Controlling physical processes -- 3.2. Simulation of water and sediment processes -- 3.3. Numerical modeling tools -- 4. The role of wetlands -- 4.1. Introduction to the ecogeomorphology of deltaic plain wetlands -- 4.2. Controls on deltaic wetland development -- 4.3. Large river wetlands as particle sources, sinks, and loci of particle transformation -- 5. Conclusions -- 3 Freshwater and sediment dispersal in large river plumes -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The anatomy of a river plume -- 2.1. Salinity space -- 2.2. The estuary -- 2.3. The near-field plume -- 2.4. The mid-field plume, or the bulge -- 2.5. Far-field plume -- 2.6. Very far-field plume -- 3. River plume classification -- 4. Sediment dispersal -- 4.1. Sediment dynamics -- 4.1.1. Buoyancy effect -- 4.1.2. Flocculation and hindered settling -- 4.2. Riverine input and carrying capacity.
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4.3. The near-, mid-, and far-field dispersal -- 5. Concluding remarks -- 4 Shelf and slope sedimentation associated with large deltaic systems -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Overview of large deltaic systems -- 3. Amazon: a subaqueous delta clinoform system -- 4. Ganges-Brahmaputra: a combination of influences -- 5. Mississippi-Atchafalaya: a proximal accumulation-dominated system -- 6. Fluvial and marine controls on large deltaic systems -- 7. Geological framework and human influence on large deltaic systems -- 8. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- 5 Changjiang (Yangtze) and Huanghe (Yellow) Rivers: historical reconstruction of land-use change and sediment load to the sea -- 1. Regional settings of the Changjiang and Huanghe River basins -- 1.1. Topographic settings -- 1.2. Hydrologic settings -- 1.3. Surface lithology of the river basins -- 2. Human impacts on the river basins and land-use change -- 3. Anthropogenic alteration of the rivers since the 1950s -- 3.1. Variation of the Changjiang sediment flux since the 1950s -- 3.2. Variation of the Huanghe sediment flux since the 1950s -- 4. Roles of climate change and human activities on river systems -- 5. The future of the mega-deltas of Changjiang and Huanghe -- 6. Conclusion -- 6 Flux and fate of the Yellow (Huanghe) River-derived materials to the sea: impacts of climate change and human activities -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Historical changes of the Yellow River water and sediment discharge -- 2.1. Sediment fluxes on the millennial scale -- 2.2. Sediment fluxes on the decadal scale -- 2.3. Causes of the recent decrease of the water and sediment discharge -- 2.4. Impacts of the recent-year water discharges and sediment loads decreasing -- 3. Fate of yellow river sediments in the Bohai and Yellow Seas -- 3.1. Rapid accumulations near the river mouth: proximal deltaic depocenter.
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3.2. Longshore transport to the Yellow Sea: distal mud depocenter -- 4. Conclusions -- 7 Carbon dioxide dynamics and fluxes in coastal waters influenced by river plumes -- 1. Introduction -- 2. CO2 degassing flux in inner estuaries -- 3. Distribution pattern of pCO2 in river plumes and control mechanisms -- 3.1. River carbonate contents and the associated buffering capacity changes during river-ocean mixing -- 3.2. CO2 in the Changjiang River plume -- 3.3. CO2 in the Mississippi River plume -- 3.4. CO2 in the Amazon River plume -- 4. A tentative estimate of global river-plume CO2 flux -- Acknowledgment -- 8 Impacts of watershed processes on exported riverine organic carbon -- 1. Introduction -- 2. POC Sources -- 2.1. Vegetation -- 2.2. Soils -- 2.3. The deeper regolith and geomorphic processes -- 2.4. In-channel and lowland sources and processes -- 3. Climate impacts on riverine OC -- 4. Predicting the exported riverine organic signature -- 5. Summary -- Acknowledgments -- 9 Black carbon in coastal and large river systems -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Sources of black carbon -- 2.1. Atmospheric BC -- 2.2. Soil BC -- 2.3. Dissolved BC -- 3. Isolation, quantification, and source discrimination methods for black carbon -- 3.1. Visual methods for BC quantification -- 3.2. Chemical and thermal BC quantification methods -- 3.3. Isolation of BC in the dissolved phase -- 3.4. Source discrimination of BC -- 4. Black carbon in large river systems -- 4.1. Fluvial BC -- 4.2. Global pyrogenic PAH discharge and comparison with BC -- 5. Fate of black carbon -- 5.1. Storage BC in the ocean -- 5.2. Degradation of BC -- 6. Conclusions -- Section III Eastern hemisphere systems -- 10 Carbon biogeochemistry in the continuum of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River watersheds across the East China Sea -- 1. Introduction.
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2. Characters of the land-source influx and open boundary processes -- 2.1. Dissolved inorganic carbon and CH4 -- 2.2. Dissolved organic carbon and particulate organic carbon -- 2.3. Pigments -- 3. Major pathways of carbon cycle and influence factors -- 3.1. DIC and CH4 -- 3.2. DOC and POC -- 3.3. Carbon fate inferred from pigments -- 4. Biogeochemical budgets and feedbacks to open ocean and atmosphere -- 5. Evidence of historical records -- 6. Biogeochemical provinces of the Changjiang estuary - ECS in the perspective of carbon biogeochemistry -- 7. Concluding remarks and future work -- Acknowledgments -- 11 Dynamics of phytoplankton blooms and nutrient limitation in the Pearl River (Zhujiang) estuarine coastal waters -- 1. Introduction -- 2. General geographic and oceanographic settings of the Pearl River estuary -- 3. Processes in estuarine and coastal waters -- 4. Spatial and seasonal variability of phytoplankton biomass -- 4.1. River outflow controlled variability -- 4.2. Tidal cycle regulated variability -- 4.3. Wind event driven variability -- 5. Dynamics of nutrients and nutrient limitation variability -- 6. Potential effects of climate change on eutrophication -- 7. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- 12 The Mekong River and its influence on the nutrient chemistry and matter cycling in the Vietnamese coastal zone -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Climatology of the Southeast Asian monsoon region -- 3. Hydrography of the Vietnamese coastal waters -- 4. The Mekong River and river plume -- 5. Biochemistry and productivity in the Mekong plume and coastal waters -- 5.1. Phytoplankton species composition -- 5.2. Primary production and nitrogen fixation -- 5.3. Food web and zooplankton nutrition -- 6. How does this compare with other tropical estuaries? -- 7. Future of the Mekong estuary and its catchment -- 8. Conclusion -- Acknowledgment.
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13 Physical dynamics and biogeochemistry of the Pearl River plume -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Basics of the Pearl River, estuary, and the shelf -- 2.1. The Pearl River -- 2.1.1. Basics -- 2.1.2. Precipitation and river discharge -- 2.2. Pearl River estuary -- 2.2.1. Basics -- 2.2.2. Circulation in the estuary -- 2.2.2.1. Gravitational circulation -- 2.2.2.2. Subtidal circulation -- 2.2.2.3. Intra-tidal circulation -- 2.2.3. Hydrology and biogeochemistry of the PRE -- 2.2.4. Conceptual summary and about the mixing behavior: Conservative and nonconservative -- 2.3. Northern South China Sea Shelf -- 2.3.1. Basics -- 2.3.2. Shelf circulation in the northern South China Sea -- 2.3.2.1. Upwelling circulation in summer (wet season) -- 2.3.2.2. Downwelling circulation in winter (dry season) -- 3. Physical dynamics and biogeochemistry of the plume -- 3.1. Plume over the Shelf -- 3.2. Plume effect on the shelf circulation -- 3.3. Biogeochemistry of the river plumes -- 3.3.1. Case of May 2001 -- 3.3.2. Case of August 2008 -- 3.3.3. Comparison between 2001 and 2008 -- 4. Coupling the physical dynamics and biogeochemistry -- 4.1. Mixing of different water masses -- 4.2. Coupled physical-biogeochemical model -- 5. Summary and perspectives -- Acknowledgment -- 14 The evolution of carbon signatures carried by the Ganges-Brahmaputra river system: a source-to-sink perspective -- 1. Introduction to the Ganges-Brahmaputra river system -- 2. Reworking and deposition of fluvial sediment and organic carbon in the Bay of Bengal -- 3. Characterization of organic carbon signatures of the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers and the Bengal Fan -- 4. Carbon sources, transformations, and storage in the Himalayan range -- 5. Carbon sources, transformations, and storage in the Ganges floodplain -- 6. Carbon sources, transformations, and storage in the Brahmaputra floodplain.
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7. Carbon export from the G-B basin to the Bengal Fan.
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