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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism of the differentiating action of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 endoperoxides in human myeloid leukemia cells (HL-60) (1985)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of medicinal chemistry 28 (1985), S. 1153-1158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm00147a006
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of vitamin D in the medullary bone formation in egg-laying japanese quail and in immature male chicks treated with sex hormones (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 465-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Medullary bone ; Mineralization ; Vitamin D3 ; Sex hormone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The effect of vitamin D3 on medullary bone formation was investigated in egg-laying Japanese quail and in immature male chicks treated with sex hormones. When laying quail were fed a vitamin D-deficient diet for 16 days, their eggshell weights and egg production rate were markedly reduced in a time-dependent manner with a significant decrease in plasma calcium and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels. The calcium content of the medullary bone of femurs decreased markedly with the progress of vitamin D deficiency, whereas that of the cortical bone remained unchanged. Quantitative histological examination also showed that the area of the mineralized portion of medullary bone in quail that were fed the vitamin D-deficient diet markedly decreased compared with that in the control laying quail, whereas the total area of the mineralized and unmineralized portions of medullary bone in the bone marrow cavity increased moderately. Daily administration of vitamin D3 (0.75 µg/day) to the vitamin D-deficient quail increased the mineralization of medullary bone as early as day 4. Daily administration of both estradiol (0.3 mg/day) and testosterone (0.9 mg/day) for 3 weeks to immature male chicks induced an apparent hypercalcemia and matrix formation of medullary bone, regardless of the vitamin D status of the chicks. Mineralization of medullary bone was observed only when vitamin D3 was administered together with the sex hormones. These results suggest that vitamin D3 is directly involved in the mineralization of medullary bone in birds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405078
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fusion of mouse alveolar macrophages induced by 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 involves extracellular, but not intracellular, calcium (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 142 (1990), S. 434-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We have reported that the active form of vitamin D3, 1α, 25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 [1α,25(OH)2D3], directly induces the fusion of mouse alveolar macrophages (Abe et al: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80:5583-5587, 1983). The fusion process can be divided into two phases: the 1α,25(OH)2D3-dependent priming phase (0-18 hr) and the calcium-dependent progression phase (18-72 hr) (Jin et al: Cell. Physiol.137:110-116, 1988). In the present study, we examined the role of calcium in the progression phase of macrophage fusion induced by 1α,25(OH)2D3. Macrophages pretreated with 1α,25(OH)2D3 for 48 hr in a lowcalcium (0.13 mM) medium began to fuse quickly 30 min after the culture medium was switched to a normal calcium (1.85 mM) medium. Of various cations tested, calcium was the most effective in inducing fusion, followed by strontium and manganese. Magnesium, potassium, and sodium had no effect. Calcium ionophores such as A23187 and ionomycin did not induce fusion in the lowcalcium medium, nor did they potentiate fusion in the media containing higher concentrations of calcium. The intracellular concentration of free Ca2+, measured by a fluorescent method using fura-2 AM, was 116 ± 1 nM in the macrophages pretreated with 1α,25(OH)2D3 for 48 hr in the low-calcium medium. When calcium chloride was added to the assay system at a final concentration of 1.85 mM, the cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration did not increase appreciably (from 116 to 144 nM). But the macrophages began to fuse quickly when CaCI2 was added. In contrast, adding ionomycin increased cytosolic free Ca2+ from 116 to 440 nM, but no fusion occurred. These results clearly indicate that the extracellular, but not the intracellular, calcium is involved in the progression phase of the fusion of mouse alveolar macrophages primed by 1α,25(OH)2D3.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041420229
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leukemia inhibitory factor/differentiation-stimulating factor (LIF/D-factor): Regulation of its production and possible roles in bone metabolism (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 152 (1992), S. 71-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Leukemia inhibitory factor/differentiation-stimulating factor (LIF/D-factor), expression of its mRNA, and possible roles in bone metabolism were studied in murine primary and clonal osteoblast-like cells. Local bone-resorbing factors such as IL-1, TNFα, and LPS strongly induced expression of LIF/D-factor mRNA in both clonal MC3T3-E1 cells and primary osteoblast-like cells. Neither parathyroid hormone nor 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 stimulated expression of LIF/D-factor mRNA. LIF/D-factor per se did not stimulate expression of its own mRNA.Appreciable amounts of LIF/D-factor were detected in synovial fluids from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients but not in those with osteoarthritis (OA). Simultaneous treatment with LIF/D-factor, IL-1, and IL-6 at the concentrations found in synovial fluids from RA patients greatly enhanced bone resorption, though these cytokines did not stimulate bone resorption when separately applied. This suggests that LIF/D-factor produced by osteoblasts is in concert with other boneresorbing cytokines such as IL-1 and IL-6 involved in the bone resorption seen in the joints of RA patients.LIF/D-factor specifically bound to MC3T3-E1 cells with an apparent dissociation constant of 161 pM and 1,100 binding sites/cell. LIF/D-factor dose-dependently suppressed incorporation of [3H]thymidine into MC3T3-E1 cells. In addition, it potentiated the alkaline phosphatase activity induced by retinoic acid, though LIF/D-factor alone had no effect on enzyme activity. These results suggest that LIF/D-factor is involved in not only osteoclastic bone resorption but also osteoblast differentiation in conjugation with other osteotropic factors. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041520110
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of vitamin D in bone resorption (1992)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 49 (1992), S. 53-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: bone mineralization ; anti-rachitic agent ; osteoclast ; osteoblast ; mononuclear phagocytes ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The idea that vitamin D must function at the bone site to promote bone mineralization has long existed since its discovery as an anti-rachitic agent. However, the definite evidence for this is still lacking. In contrast, much evidence has accumulated that 1α,25(OH)2D3 is involved in bone resorption. 1α,25(OH)2D3 tightly regulates differentiation of osteoclast progenitors into osteoclasts. Osteoclast progenitors have been thought to belong to the monocyte-macrophage lineage. 1α,25(OH)2D3 greatly stimulates differentiation and activation of mononuclear phagocytes. Recent reports have indicated that differentiation of mononuclear phagocytes into osteoclasts is strictly regulated by osteoblastic cells, the process of which is also stimulated by 1α,25(OH)2D3. In the differentiation of mononuclear phagocytes into osteoclasts, the target cells for 1α,25(OH)2D3 appear to be osteoblastic stromal cells. Osteoblastic cells produce several proteins such as BGP, MGP, osteopontin and the third component of complement (C3) in response to the vitamin. They appear to be somehow involved in osteoclast differentiation and functions. Thus, 1α,25(OH)2D3 seems to be involved in the differentiation of osteoclast progenitors into osteoclasts directly and also by an indirect mechanism involving osteoblastic cells. The precise role of osteoblastic cells in osteoclast development has to be elucidated in the future.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240490110
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electric fields stimulate DNA synthesis of mouse osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1) by a mechanism involving calcium ions (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 138 (1989), S. 477-483 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A cell culture system was designed to study the effect of an electric field on bone cells. This system subjected cultured bone cells to a series of high-voltage pulses at varying amplitudes of electric field without changing the ion concentrations of the culture medium. When mouse osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1) were stimulated for 5 min to 20 hr by an electric field (3.19 kV/m, 3 msec, 10 Hz pulses), DNA synthesis was greatly increased. The stimulation occurred only during the growth phase. The electric field also increased incorporation of 45Ca into the cells, but it did not stimulate cAMP production. Adding calcium ionophore A23187 stimulated both 45Ca uptake and DNA synthesis, but dibutyryl cAMP did not stimulate either of them. These results suggest that the electric field stimulates the DNA synthesis of growing osteoblasts by a mechanism involving calcium ions.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041380306
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of a continuously applied compressive pressure on mouse osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1) in vitro (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 142 (1990), S. 177-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Bone metabolism is often affected by a variety of mechanical forces, but the cytological basis of their action is not known. In this study, we examined the effect of a continuously applied compressive pressure (CCP) on the growth and differentiation of clonal mouse osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1) cultured in a specifically devised culture chamber. The gas phase of the chamber was maintained at a pressure of 2 atmospheres (atm) above ambient (3 atm total, 3.1 kg/cm2; 3.0 × 105 Pa) by continuously infusing a compressed mixed gas (O2: N2:CO2 = 7.0%:91.3%:1.7%). The pO2, pCO2, and pH in the culture medium at 37°C under 3 atm were maintained at the same levels as those under 1 atm. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in α minimal essential medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum under either 3 atm in the CCP culture chamber or 1 atm in an ordinary CO2 incubator. Alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker of osteoblasts, was greatly suppressed by the CCP treatment. The inhibition of alkaline phosphatase activity was rapidly restored when the cells were transferred to an ordinary CO2, incubator under 1 atm, indicating that the inhibition of alkaline phosphatase activity by CCP is reversible. Cell growth was not altered under CCP. The CCP treatment greatly increased the production and secretion of prostaglandin E2(PGE2). Adding either conditioned medium from the CCP culture or exogenous PGE2 to the control culture under 1 atm suppressed alkaline phosphatase activity dose-dependently. The CCP treatment also suppressed collagen synthesis and calcification. These results suggest that CCP causes the cells to produce and secrete PGE2 which, in turn, inhibits differentiation of osteoblasts and the concomitant calcification.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041420122
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