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  • 1
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    Relationships of tree height and diameter at breast height revisited: analyses of stem growth using 20-year data of an even-aged Chamaecyparis obtusa stand (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-22
    Description: Stem diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree height ( H ) are commonly used measures of tree growth. We examined patterns of height growth and diameter growth along a stem using a 20-year record of an even-aged hinoki cypress ( Chamaecyparis obtusa (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl.) stand. In the region of the stem below the crown (except for the butt swell), diameter growth rates ( D ) at different heights tended to increase slightly from breast height upwards. This increasing trend was pronounced in suppressed trees, but not as much as the variation in D among individual trees. Hence, D below the crown can be regarded as generally being represented by the DBH growth rate (DBH) of a tree. Accordingly, the growth rate of the stem cross-sectional area increased along the stem upwards in suppressed trees, but decreased in dominant trees. The stem diameter just below the crown base ( D CB ), the square of which is an index of the amount of leaves on a tree, was an important factor affecting DBH. D CB also had a strong positive relationship with crown length. Hence, long-term changes in the D CB of a tree were associated with long-term changes in crown length, determined by the balance between the height growth rate ( H ) and the rising rate of the crown base ( H CB ). Within the crown, D 's were generally greater than the rates below the crown. Even dying trees ( D 0 below the crown) maintained D 〉 0 within the crown and H 〉 0 until about 5 years before death. This growth within the crown may be related to the need to produce new leaves to compensate for leaves lost owing to the longevity of the lower crown. These results explain the different time trajectories in DBH– H relationships among individual trees, and also the long-term changes in the DBH– H relationships. The view that a rise in the crown base is strongly related to leaf turnover helps to interpret DBH– H relationships.
    Print ISSN: 0829-318X
    Electronic ISSN: 1758-4469
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Hedgehog signaling regulates prosensory cell properties during the basal-to-apical wave of hair cell differentiation in the mammalian cochlea [RESEARCH ARTICLES] (2013)
    The Company of Biologists
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-28
    Description: Tomoko Tateya, Itaru Imayoshi, Ichiro Tateya, Kiyomi Hamaguchi, Hiroko Torii, Juichi Ito, and Ryoichiro Kageyama Mechanosensory hair cells and supporting cells develop from common precursors located in the prosensory domain of the developing cochlear epithelium. Prosensory cell differentiation into hair cells or supporting cells proceeds from the basal to the apical region of the cochleae, but the mechanism and significance of this basal-to-apical wave of differentiation remain to be elucidated. Here, we investigated the role of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling in cochlear development by examining the effects of up- and downregulation of Hh signaling in vivo . The Hh effector smoothened (Smo) was genetically activated or inactivated specifically in the developing cochlear epithelium after prosensory domain formation. Cochleae expressing a constitutively active allele of Smo showed only one row of inner hair cells with no outer hair cells (OHCs); abnormal undifferentiated prosensory-like cells were present in the lateral compartment instead of OHCs and their adjacent supporting cells. This suggests that Hh signaling inhibits prosensory cell differentiation into hair cells or supporting cells and maintains their properties as prosensory cells. Conversely, in cochlea with the Smo conditional knockout ( Smo CKO), hair cell differentiation was preferentially accelerated in the apical region. Smo CKO mice survived after birth, and exhibited hair cell disarrangement in the apical region, a decrease in hair cell number, and hearing impairment. These results indicate that Hh signaling delays hair cell and supporting cell differentiation in the apical region, which forms the basal-to-apical wave of development, and is required for the proper differentiation, arrangement and survival of hair cells and for hearing ability.
    Print ISSN: 0950-1991
    Electronic ISSN: 1477-9129
    Topics: Biology
    Published by The Company of Biologists
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trichogenic trichoblastoma arising on the supraclavicular fossa with an immunohistochemical study of cytokeratin expression (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 22 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We report a 52-year-old female with trichogenic trichoblastoma arising on the supraclavicular fossa. Clinical and histological examinations revealed a thumbnail sized, elastic, hard, subcutaneous nodule which consisted of keratinous cysts and epithelial cords of basaloid cells with locally follicular differentiation. Based on histological observations, a diagnosis of trichogenic trichoblastoma was made. An immunohistochemical study using a panel of monoclonal antibodies against cytokeratins was performed to investigate the nature and differentiation of this tumour. The most characteristic findings of the immunohistochemistry were CK 8 and 19 expression in the epithelial cords and the outer cells of the cystic structures. These immunoreactivities were similar to those of the outermost layer of the outer root sheath between the lower permanent portion and the upper transient portion, and immunostaining with the other antibodies confirmed this similarity. We can speculate that trichogenic trichoblastoma differentiates mainly toward the outermost layer of the outer root sheath between the lower permanent portion and the upper transient portion, and then into follicular structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.1997.tb01058.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A case of primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma with variant anaplastic lymphoma kinase translocation (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 150 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is frequently observed in systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), mostly in childhood or adolescence, but only rarely in primary cutaneous cases. We report a case of primary cutaneous ALCL (pcALCL) with cytoplasmic ALK expression. A 54-year-old woman with an ulcerative tumour on her forehead was admitted to our hospital. Histologically, there was an infiltrate consisting of atypical large lymphocytes and small lymphocytes in the dermis and fat tissue. Southern blot analysis showed monoclonal T-cell receptor Cβ1 gene rearrangement. Atypical large lymphocytes were positive for CD30, CD4 and CD25, and negative for CD3 and CD79a. They were also positive for ALK only in the cytoplasm, and neurophosmin (NPM)-ALK fusion transcript was not detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. This suggested that the translocation partner of the ALK gene in this case was different from NPM (variant translocation). The tumour on the forehead resolved in 1 month after biopsy. Nodular lesions recurred on the right knee, and were histologically identical with the forehead lesion. Our case suggests the existence of a subgroup with variant ALK translocation in pcALCL; examining NPM-ALK translocation in each case with ALK expression should be useful to characterize the disease further.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.05987.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence of atopic dermatitis in Japanese elementary schoolchildren (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 152 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  Although there have been several reports on the prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in Japanese schoolchildren based on questionnaires, there has been no nation-wide study of the frequency of this condition diagnosed by dermatologists in regular health check-ups of schoolchildren.Objectives  The objective of this work was to evaluate precisely the prevalence of AD in elementary schoolchildren in Japan based on regular health check-ups by dermatologists.Methods  In 2001/2, elementary schoolchildren: first graders (age 6–7 years) and sixth graders (age 11–12 years) were examined by dermatologists in eight prefectures of Japan (Hokkaido, Iwate, Tokyo, Gifu, Osaka, Hiroshima, Kochi and Fukuoka). In each prefecture, public elementary schools were randomly selected from urban and rural districts. We planned to examine about 700 schoolchildren in each of urban first, urban sixth, rural first and rural sixth grades from the eight areas, a total of 22 400 children (700 × 4 × 8). AD was diagnosed by the dermatologists based on the Japanese Dermatological Association criteria for the disease.Results  The point prevalence of AD was 11·2% overall (2664 of 23 719) ranging from 7·4% (Iwate) to 15·0% (Fukuoka) in the eight areas. Seventy-four per cent, 24%, 1·6% and 0·3% of those afflicted were in the mild, moderate, severe and very severe groups, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of first graders was slightly higher than that of sixth graders (11·8% vs. 10·5%, P 〈 0·01). There was no apparent difference in prevalence between urban and rural districts, or between boys and girls.Conclusions  The prevalence of AD in Japanese elementary schoolchildren was about 10%, three-quarters of those being mildly affected. This is the first nation-wide study made of Japanese elementary schoolchildren examined by dermatologists to evaluate the frequency of AD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06271.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of L-tyrosine from pyruvate, ammonia and phenol by crystalline tyrosine phenol lyase
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 46 (1972), S. 370-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(72)80148-7
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of L-tyrosine from pyruvate, ammonia and phenol by crystalline tyrosine phenol lyase
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 46 (1972), S. 370-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(72)80148-7
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-frequency in-plane skeletal vibrations of polyene molecules and their amplitudes in the solid state
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Molecular Structure 266 (1992), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-2860
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0022-2860(92)80045-J
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared intensities of vibrational modes of an α-helical polypeptide: Calculations based on the equilibrium charge/charge flux (ECCF) model
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Molecular Structure 300 (1993), S. 171-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-2860
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0022-2860(93)87015-2
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Second-derivative method: Application to vibrational spectroscopy in excited electronic states
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy Section 45 (1989), S. 1173-1178 
    Details
    ISSN: 0584-8539
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0584-8539(89)80197-7
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