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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gestörte alpha2-Adrenozeptorfunktion bei Hämodialysepatienten mit renaler Anämie — eine mögliche Ursache der Blutdrucksteigerung unter rekombinantem humanem Erythropoietin? (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 69 (1991), S. 742-748 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Human recombinant erythropoietin (rHuEPO) ; Adrenoceptors ; Anemia, renal ; Hypertension, arterial ; Catecholamines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nine patients on maintenance hemodialysis and transfusion-demanding renal anemia (group A) were treated with rHuEPO 120 IU/kg i.v. three times per week. Hemoglobin-content was raised from 7.2±0.9 to 10.4±0.8 g/dl. In all patients blood pressure rose, three patients developed arterial hypertension. Mean diastoloic blood pressure was 66±12 and 78±16 mmHg (p〈0.001) before and after rHuEPO. Rise in blood pressure was accompanied by a significant fall in plasma-noradrenaline-levels (from 498±100 to 383±75 pg/ml;p〈0.05) and alpha2-adrenoceptor-density (from 574±76 to 384±49;p〈0.05). Compared to nine patients on maintenance hemodialysis and hematocrit over 30% (group B), patients with severe renal anemia (group A before treatment) had higher densities of alpha2-adrenoceptors (574±76 vs. 218±32;p〈0.001) despite higher plasma-noradrenaline-levels (498±100 vs. 399±63; n.s.). We suppose a anemia-related disturbance of alpha2-receptor-function with the result of abolished receptor down-regulation and impaired vascular reagibility to vasoconstricting stimuli. With the correction of anemia receptor-function improves, receptor down-regulation as well as vascular reagibility is re-established resulting in augmented vascular resistance and higher blood pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01797612
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantification of the heart rate-independent vasodepressor component in carotid sinus syndrome (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 67 (1989), S. 1132-1137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Carotid sinus syndrome ; Vasodepressor component ; Orthostasis ; Pacemaker therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 45 patients with carotid sinus syndrome, the heart rate-independent vasodepressor component under ventricular and av-sequential pacing of the heart was investigated both in supine and in standing patients. Under both forms of pacing, the carotid pressure determination has led to a marked lowering of systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure which is significantly more pronounced under orthostasis. The blood pressure values reached both in supine and in standing patients are significantly higher under av-sequential pacing than under ventricular pacing. Accordingly, the proportion of symptomatic patients is less under av-sequential pacing in the supine position (17% versus 29%) and in standing (65% versus 83%). The heart rate-independent vasodepressor reaction is maximal on average between 11 s and 16 s after the beginning of the carotid pressure test and persists for 3 s to 7 s. The blood pressure reaches initial values again after 14 s to 20 s. To summarize, these data document that a clinically relevant heart rate-independent vasodepressor reaction is to be reckoned with in the majority of patients with carotid sinus syndrome. This shows a different time course than the vagally determined effect of the carotid sinus reflex on heart rate. Orthostasis intensifies the vasodepressor reaction so that the hemodynamically more favorable avsequential pacing which is actually more favorable in hemodynamic terms cannot guarantee freedom from symptoms in the majority of patients in the upright standing position.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01726114
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tellurium-intoxication (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 67 (1989), S. 1152-1155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Intoxication ; Poisoning ; Tellurium ; Tellurium-Intoxication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Tellurium is one of the rarest elements on earth. Intoxications are rare and almost exclusively occupationally exposed workers are affected. Only a few cases of non — occupational poisoning have been reported so far. Severe poisoning results in respiratory depression and circulatory collapse. After occupational exposure main symptoms and signs include loss of appetite, dryness of the mouth, suppression of sweating, a metallic taste in the mouth, and most notable, a sharp garlic odor of the breath, sweat and urine. We report our findings in a 37 year old, non-occupationally exposed woman with tellurium intoxication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01726117
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagnostik und Klinik gastrointestinaler Zytomegalievirus-Erkrankungen bei Patienten mit einer Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1-Infektion (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 67 (1989), S. 1108-1115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: HIV1-Infection ; Cytomegalovirus-Infection ; Gastrointestinal Manifestation of HIV1-Infection ; Gastrointestinal Manifestation of Cytomegalovirus-Infection ; Diagnosis of Cytomegalovirus-Infection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Eleven Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV1)-infected patients (10 male, 1 female; age 23–51 years (median 36); 10 male homosexuals, 1 IV drug abuser; WR3 1 patient, WR5 5, WR6 5) with intestinal Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-manifestations were compared with a group of 78 HIV1-infected patients in respect to their clinical, immunological and virus-serological data and the results of the histological and microbiological examination of endoscopically obtained biopsies. No differences were observed on age, sex, risk of infection, stage and immunological status. Bloody diarrhea was most important in discriminating CMV-colitis and non-CMV-related intestinal manifestations. Dysphagia and other symptoms occurring in patients with CMV-esophagitis were not able to predict CMV-esophagitis specifically. 6 of 11 patients with serological findings consistent with an active CMV-infection had no detectable CMV-manifestations; 6 of 11 patients with intestinal CMV-manifestations did not show serological findings suggestive of active CMV-infection. Ulcerative alterations of intestinal mucosa represent the most powerful indicator of intestinal CMV-disease in endoscopical examination. Only in two patients, ulcerative alterations were seen without diagnosis of CMV-disease being established. CMV was isolated in one of 11 patients, in two patients CMV was isolated from biopsies of unchanged mucosa. Simultaneous infection by HSV and CMV was detected in three patients, in one patient in the same localisation. Histology revealed inclusion bodies in 8 of 11 patients with intestinal CMV-disease, in no case inclusion bodies were seen without CMV-disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01741786
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  • 5
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    Circadian Variation in Arterial Blood Pressure and Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy--A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-12
    Description: BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have led to equivocal results concerning the role of arterial blood pressure as a risk factor for the development of glaucomatous damage and progressive visual field loss in glaucoma has been attributed to low nighttime blood pressure, especially when oral antihypertensives have been combined with beta-blocking eyedrops. In order to answer the question whether nocturnal blood pressure or blood pressure dip during ambulatory blood pressure monitoring are associated with progressive visual field loss we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and normal tension glaucoma. METHODS After searching MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE, only 5 studies could be found reporting information on the method of ambulatory blood pressure measurements, separate data for daytime and nighttime blood pressure, definition of nocturnal blood pressure dip, and assessment of visual fields over a period of at least 2 years. RESULTS There was no difference in mean systolic or diastolic diurnal and nocturnal blood pressure between patients with or without progressive visual field loss. The odds ratio for deteriorating visual fields over 2 years with nocturnal dips 〉10% in systolic or diastolic blood pressure was 3.32 (1.84–6.00) and 2.09 (1.20–3.64), respectively. Data allowing a separate analysis of over-dipping were not available. CONCLUSIONS Nocturnal blood pressure fall is a risk factor for progressive visual field loss in glaucoma. However, prospective studies are needed to define a tolerable degree of dipping. Antihypertensive therapy in glaucomatous patients should be controlled with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.
    Print ISSN: 0895-7061
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-1905
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
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    Response to "Circadian Arterial Blood Pressure Variation and Glaucoma Progression: More Questions Than Answers? (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-12
    Print ISSN: 0895-7061
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-1905
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 7
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    Real-world risk score for hepatocellular carcinoma risk prediction in CHBV: a validation outside of Asia (2017)
    BMJ Publishing Group
    In: Gut
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-07
    Description: With great interest we have read the recent paper by Poh et al 1 suggesting the use of a routine parameter-based risk score for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Asian patients with chronic HBV infection (CHBV). With an estimated 240 million people being chronically infected by HBV worldwide, CHBV is a major global health burden, putting these people at risk for the development of liver cirrhosis and HCC. 2–4 It remains challenging to identify those patients with CHBV carrying a high risk for HCC development applying an easy to use, readily available and cost effective test system. Therefore risk predicting scores ideally should be based on low cost parameters from routine clinical workup. The real-world risk score for HCC (RWS-HCC) perfectly meets these criteria. It is an 8-point score based on four routine parameters (gender, age, cirrhosis and serum α-fetoprotein)
    Print ISSN: 0017-5749
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-3288
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by BMJ Publishing Group
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  • 8
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    Longitudinal Analysis of Distribution and Function of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Peripheral Blood and Gut Mucosa of HIV Infected Patients (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-02-27
    Description: Aberrant activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) with excessive production of interferon alpha (IFNα) represents one of the hallmarks of immune activation during chronic phase of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A number of studies have shown that disruption of mucosal integrity in the gut is a cause of persistent immune activation. However, little is known about the role that pDCs play in this process, and our current understanding comes from the simian immunodeficiency virus macaque model. Thus, in the present study we sought to investigate the frequency and function of pDCs in peripheral blood and gut samples from HIV-infected individuals before and 6 months after initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). We show that circulating pDCs were depleted in ART-naive HIV+ patients, and upregulated the gut-homing receptor CD103 compared with uninfected controls. By converse, pDCs accumulated in the terminal ileum of ART-naive HIV individuals compared with controls. Baseline levels of IFNα production and markers of immune activation in gut samples of ART-naive HIV subjects were elevated. All these parameters declined after 6 months of ART. Our results suggest that in chronic HIV infection, pDCs migrate from peripheral blood to the gut-associated lymphatic tissue, where they may contribute to immune activation.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1899
    Electronic ISSN: 1537-6613
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA).
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  • 9
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    Glutathione peroxidase 4 is reversibly induced by HCV to control lipid peroxidation and to increase virion infectivity (2015)
    BMJ Publishing Group
    In: Gut
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-10
    Description: Objective Inflammation and oxidative stress drive disease progression in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) towards hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV is known to increase intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but how it eliminates ROS is less well known. The role of the ROS scavenger glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4), induced by HCV, in the viral life cycle was analysed. Design The study was performed using a replicative in vitro HCV infection model and liver biopsies derived from two different CHC patient cohorts. Results A screen for HCV-induced peroxide scavengers identified GPx4 as a host factor required for HCV infection. The physiological role of GPx4 is the elimination of lipid peroxides from membranes or lipoproteins. GPx4-silencing reduced the specific infectivity of HCV by up to 10-fold. Loss of infectivity correlated with 70% reduced fusogenic activity of virions in liposome fusion assays. NS5A was identified as the protein that mediates GPx4 induction in a phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-dependent manner. Levels of GPx4 mRNA were found increased in vitro and in CHC compared with control liver biopsies. Upon successful viral eradication, GPx4 transcript levels returned to baseline in vitro and also in the liver of patients. Conclusions HCV induces oxidative stress but controls it tightly by inducing ROS scavengers. Among these, GPx4 plays an essential role in the HCV life cycle. Modulating oxidative stress in CHC by specifically targeting GPx4 may lower specific infectivity of virions and prevent hepatocarcinogenesis, especially in patients who remain difficult to be treated in the new era of interferon-free regimens.
    Keywords: Hepatitis C, Hepatic cancer
    Print ISSN: 0017-5749
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-3288
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by BMJ Publishing Group
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