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  • 1
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    Rapid growth and concerted sexual transitions by a bloom of the harmful dinoflagellate Alexandrium fundyense (Dinophyceae) (2015)
    John Wiley & Sons
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2015. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Limnology and Oceanography 60 (2015): 2059–2078, doi:10.1002/lno.10155.
    Description: Transitions between life cycle stages by the harmful dinoflagellate Alexandrium fundyense are critical for the initiation and termination of its blooms. To quantify these transitions in a single population, an Imaging FlowCytobot (IFCB), was deployed in Salt Pond (Eastham, Massachusetts), a small, tidally flushed kettle pond that hosts near annual, localized A. fundyense blooms. Machine-based image classifiers differentiating A. fundyense life cycle stages were developed and results were compared to manually corrected IFCB samples, manual microscopy-based estimates of A. fundyense abundance, previously published data describing prevalence of the parasite Amoebophrya, and a continuous culture of A. fundyense infected with Amoebophrya. In Salt Pond, a development phase of sustained vegetative division lasted approximately 3 weeks and was followed by a rapid and near complete conversion to small, gamete cells. The gametic period (∼3 d) coincided with a spike in the frequency of fusing gametes (up to 5% of A. fundyense images) and was followed by a zygotic phase (∼4 d) during which cell sizes returned to their normal range but cell division and diel vertical migration ceased. Cell division during bloom development was strongly phased, enabling estimation of daily rates of division, which were more than twice those predicted from batch cultures grown at similar temperatures in replete medium. Data from the Salt Pond deployment provide the first continuous record of an A. fundyense population through its complete bloom cycle and demonstrate growth and sexual induction rates much higher than are typically observed in culture.
    Description: National Science Foundation Grant Number: OCE-0430724, OCE-0911031, and OCE-1314642; National Institutes of Health Grant Number: NIEHS-1P50-ES021923-01; National Park Service (NPS) Cooperative Agreement Grant Number: H238015504; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Grant Number: #2649 to HMS; IOF Grant Number: MOHAB PIOF-GA-252260
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 2
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    Dynamics and functional diversity of the smallest phytoplankton on the Northeast US shelf (2020)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-26
    Description: Author Posting. © National Academy of Sciences, 2020. This article is posted here by permission of National Academy of Sciences for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117(22), (2020): 12215-12221, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1918439117.
    Description: Picophytoplankton are the most abundant primary producers in the ocean. Knowledge of their community dynamics is key to understanding their role in marine food webs and global biogeochemical cycles. To this end, we analyzed a 16-y time series of observations of a phytoplankton community at a nearshore site on the Northeast US Shelf. We used a size-structured population model to estimate in situ division rates for the picoeukaryote assemblage and compared the dynamics with those of the picocyanobacteria Synechococcus at the same location. We found that the picoeukaryotes divide at roughly twice the rate of the more abundant Synechococcus and are subject to greater loss rates (likely from viral lysis and zooplankton grazing). We describe the dynamics of these groups across short and long timescales and conclude that, despite their taxonomic differences, their populations respond similarly to changes in the biotic and abiotic environment. Both groups appear to be temperature limited in the spring and light limited in the fall and to experience greater mortality during the day than at night. Compared with Synechococcus, the picoeukaryotes are subject to greater top-down control and contribute more to the region’s primary productivity than their standing stocks suggest.
    Description: We thank E. T. Crockford, E. E. Peacock, J. Fredericks, Z. Sandwith, the MVCO Operations Team, and divers of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution diving program. This work was supported by NSF Grants OCE-0119915 (to R.J.O. and H.M.S.) and OCE-1655686 (to M.G.N., R.J.O., A.R.S., and H.M.O.); NASA Grants NNX11AF07G (to H.M.S.) and NNX13AC98G (to H.M.S.); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Grant GGA#934 (to H.M.S.); and Simons Foundation Grant 561126 (to H.M.S.).
    Description: 2020-11-15
    Keywords: Picoeukaryotes ; Flow cytometry ; Matrix model ; Primary productivity
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 3
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    Seasons of Syn (2020)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Hunter-Cevera, K. R., Neubert, M. G., Olson, R. J., Shalapyonok, A., Solow, A. R., & Sosik, H. M. Seasons of Syn. Limnology and Oceanography. (2019), doi: 10.1002/lno.11374.
    Description: Synechococcus is a widespread and important marine primary producer. Time series provide critical information for identifying and understanding the factors that determine abundance patterns. Here, we present the results of analysis of a 16‐yr hourly time series of Synechococcus at the Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory, obtained with an automated, in situ flow cytometer. We focus on understanding seasonal abundance patterns by examining relationships between cell division rate, loss rate, cellular properties (e.g., cell volume, phycoerythrin fluorescence), and environmental variables (e.g., temperature, light). We find that the drivers of cell division vary with season; cells are temperature‐limited in winter and spring, but light‐limited in the fall. Losses to the population also vary with season. Our results lead to testable hypotheses about Synechococcus ecophysiology and a working framework for understanding the seasonal controls of Synechococcus cell abundance in a temperate coastal system.
    Description: We would like to thank E. T. Crockford, E. E. Peacock, J. Fredericks, Z. Sandwith, the MVCO Operations Team, divers of the WHOI diving program, and captain Houtler and first mate Hanley of the R/V Tioga for logistical support; S. Laney for assistance with radiometer data processing; and P. Henderson of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) Nutrient Analytical Facility for analytical support. This work was supported by U.S. NSF grants OCE‐0119915, OCE‐0530830, OCE‐1031256, OCE‐1655686, DEB‐1145017, and DEB‐1257545; NASA grants NNX11AF07G and NNX13AC98G; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grant GGA#934; the Investment in Science Fund, given primarily by WHOI Trustee and Corporation Members; Simons Foundation award 561126; National Defense Science and Engineering graduate fellowship from the U.S. Department of Defense, and the Hibbitt Early Career Fellowship at the Marine Biological Laboratory.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 4
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    Imaging FlowCytobot modified for high throughput by in-line acoustic focusing of sample particles (2017)
    John Wiley & Sons
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2017. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Limnology and Oceanography: Methods 15 (2017): 867–874, doi:10.1002/lom3.10205.
    Description: Imaging FlowCytobot, a submersible instrument that measures optical properties and captures images of nano- and microplankton-sized particles, has proved useful in plankton studies, but its sampling rate is limited by the ability of hydrodynamic focusing to accurately position flowing sample particles. We show that IFCB's sampling rate can be increased at least several-fold by implementing in-line acoustic focusing upstream of the flow cell. Particles are forced to the center of flow by acoustic standing waves created by a piezo-electric transducer bonded to the sample capillary and driven at the appropriate frequency. With the particles of interest confined to the center of the sample flow, the increased size of the sample core that accompanies increased sample flow rate no longer degrades image and signal quality as it otherwise would. Temperature affects the optimum frequency (through its effect on the speed of sound in water), so a relationship between sample temperature and optimum frequency for acoustic focusing was determined and utilized to control the transducer. The modified instrument's performance was evaluated through analyses of artificial particles, phytoplankton cultures, and natural seawater samples and through deployments in coastal waters. The results show that large cells, especially dinoflagellates, are acoustically focused extremely effectively (which could enable, for example, 〉 10-fold increased sampling rate of harmful algal bloom species, if smaller cells are ignored), while for nearly all cell types typically monitored by IFCB, threefold faster data accumulation was achieved without any compromises. Further increases are possible with more sophisticated software and/or a faster camera.
    Description: NSF Grant Numbers: OCE-1130140 , OCE-1131134
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 5
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    Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory 2022 (2023)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-31
    Description: Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory (MVCO) is a leading research and engineering facility operated by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. MVCO has been collecting ocean and atmospheric data at 3 sites on and near Martha's Vineyard since 2001. A meteorological mast (met mast) on South Beach in Edgartown, MA has collected atmospheric data since May 31 2001. An Air Sea Interaction Tower (ASIT) has been collecting atmospheric and subsurface oceanic data since August 5, 2004. A seafloor node (12m node) has been collecting oceanic data from the seafloor since June 14, 2001. This dataset encompasses the core data (wind speed and direction, air pressure, temperature and relative humidity, water temperature and salinity, and wave data) that has been collected during this period. To learn more about the facility and see additional data collected during short term deployments, visit the MVCO Website (https://mvco.whoi.edu/).
    Keywords: Coastal Ocean ; CTD data ; ADCP data ; Anemometer Data ; PTH data ; Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction ; Martha's Vineyard ; Northeast US Shelf ; NES ; Wind ; Air Temperature ; Relative Humidity ; Air Pressure ; Water Temperature ; Salinity ; Surface Waves ; MVCO
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Dataset
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  • 6
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    Martha’s Vineyard Coastal Observatory (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-31
    Description: Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory (MVCO) is a leading research and engineering facility operated by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. MVCO has been collecting ocean and atmospheric data at 3 sites on and near Martha's Vineyard since 2001. A meteorological mast (met mast) on South Beach in Edgartown, MA has collected atmospheric data since May 31 2001. An Air Sea Interaction Tower (ASIT) has been collecting atmospheric and subsurface oceanic data since August 5, 2004. A seafloor node (12m node) has been collecting oceanic data from the seafloor since June 14, 2001. This dataset encompasses the core data (wind speed and direction, air pressure, temperature and relative humidity, water temperature and salinity, and wave data) that has been collected during this period. To learn more about the facility and see additional data collected during short term deployments, visit the MVCO Website (https://mvco.whoi.edu/).
    Keywords: Coastal Ocean ; CTD data ; ADCP data ; Anemometer Data ; PTH data ; Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction ; Martha's Vineyard ; Northeast US Shelf ; NES ; Wind ; Air Temperature ; Relative Humidity ; Air Pressure ; Water Temperature ; Salinity ; Surface Waves ; MVCO
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Dataset
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  • 7
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    Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory 2021 (2022)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-31
    Description: Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory (MVCO) is a leading research and engineering facility operated by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. MVCO has been collecting ocean and atmospheric data at 3 sites on and near Martha's Vineyard since 2001. A meteorological mast (met mast) on South Beach in Edgartown, MA has collected atmospheric data since May 31 2001. An Air Sea Interaction Tower (ASIT) has been collecting atmospheric and subsurface oceanic data since August 5, 2004. A seafloor node (12m node) has been collecting oceanic data from the seafloor since June 14, 2001. This dataset encompasses the core data (wind speed and direction, air pressure, temperature and relative humidity, water temperature and salinity, and wave data) that has been collected during this period. To learn more about the facility and see additional data collected during short term deployments, visit the MVCO Website (https://mvco.whoi.edu/).
    Keywords: Coastal Ocean ; CTD data ; ADCP data ; Anemometer Data ; PTH data ; Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction ; Martha's Vineyard ; Northeast US Shelf ; NES ; Wind ; Air Temperature ; Relative Humidity ; Air Pressure ; Water Temperature ; Salinity ; Surface Waves ; MVCO
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Dataset
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