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  • 1
    ISSN: 1438-8359
    Keywords: Anesthetics ; Volatile ; Halothane ; Enflurane ; Liver ; Hepatitis ; Drug toxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The incidence of post-anesthetic mild liver disorder (PAMLD) was compared between 928 patients administered halothane and 1766 patients administered enflurane. They were selected from 19 504 surgical patients administered general anesthesia at Kyushu University Hospital over the past 6 years and 4 months. They had had normal liver function before operation and had no history of blood transfusion. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels exceeding 70 IU·l −1 within 180 days after operation were found in 226 patients in the halothane group (24.4%), and in 250 patients in the enflurane group (14.2%) (P ≪ 0.01). Both maximum ALT levels and duration of ALT elevation were higher and longer in the halothane group (P ≪ 0.01). These results suggest that, not only in the development of fulminant hepatitis but also in PAMLD, enflurane is less hepatotoxic than halothane. (Sakaguchi Y, Inaba S, Umeki Y, et al.: Retrospective study of post-anesthetic mild liver disorder associated with inhalation anesthetics, halothane and enflurane. J Anesth 6: 183–191, 1992)
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Parmi 1,220 japonais atteints de cancer de l'estomac qui ont subi une résection dans le Département de Chirurgie II de l'hÔpital Universitaire Kyushu, Fukuoka, Japan de 1965 à 1980, 432 (35.4%) présentaient des lésions avancées qu'il s'agisse de dissémination péritonéale, de métastases hépatiques, d'une extension ganglionnaire importante intéressant les groupes tertiaires (hépatoduodénal, rétro-pancréatique, et mésentérique) ou quaternaires (coliques moyens et paraaortiques) ou encore l'invasion directe d'organes voisins. Le taux de survie totale à 5 ans de ces 432 malades a été de 10.2%. Ce taux a été de 16.3% en présence d'un seul des facteurs et 2.8% ou moins en présence de plus de 2 facteurs (p〈0.01). Le taux de survie à 5 ans fut respectivement de 26.1% et de 21.8% selon qu'existait un envahissement ganglionnaire tertiaire ou l'invasion isolée d'un organe voisin. Les techniques radicales: lymphadénectomie élargie et résection combinée des organes envahis sont suivies d'un allongement du temps de survie. Les taux de survie à 5 ans furent inférieurs à 10% chez les malades atteints d'autres facteurs isolés ou supérieurs à deux. Il apparaÎt ainsi que dans le cancer de l'estomac deux sous-groupes, dont le temps de survie est différent, sont à distinguer: les malades potentiellement curables et les malades incurables. Il est donc nécessaire de mettre au point des méthodes thérapeutiques efficaces en fonction des 2 groupes individualisés.
    Abstract: Resumen Entre 1,220 pacientes japoneses con carcinoma gástrico sometidos a resección en el Departamento de Cirugía II, Hospital de la Universidad de Kyushu, Fukuoka, Japan entre 1965 y 1980, hubo 432 (35.4%) con carcinoma avanzado, entendiéndose como tal una lesión con hallazgos tales como diseminación peritoneal, metástasis hepáticas, extensión ganglionar amplia hasta los ganglios terciarios (hepatoduodenales, retropancreáticos, y mesentéricos) o cuaternarios (cólicos medios y paraaórticos), o invasión directa de órganos adyacentes. La tasa global de supervivencia a 5 años en estos 432 pacientes fue 10.2%. La tasa de supervivencia a 5 a~nos en pacientes con uno solo de tales hallazgos fue 16.3%, que es significativamente mayor que la de 2.8% o menos en pacientes con más de 2 de tales hallazgos (p〈0.01). Los pacientes con invasión ganglionar terciaria o con invasión directa de órganos solamente, sobrevivieron a una tasa de 26.1% y 21.8%, respectivamente, en el seguimiento a 5 años. Procedimientos radicales tales como la linfadenectomía amplia y la resección combinada de los órganos afectados resultó en prolongación del periodo de supervivencia. Las tasas de supervivencia a 5 años fueron menores de 10% en pacientes con otros hallazgos en combinaciones Únicas o de más de 2. Parece haber 2 subgrupos en quienes las tasas de supervivencia difieren: los pacientes potencialmente curables y los no curables. Regimenes terapéuticos correspondientes a los 2 grupos deben ser considerados.
    Notes: Abstract Among 1,220 Japanese patients with gastric carcinoma who had undergone resection in the Department of Surgery II, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan from 1965 to 1980, there were 432 (35.4%) with far advanced carcinoma, designated as a lesion with factors such as peritoneal dissemination, hepatic metastasis, widespread nodal involvement extending to tertiary (hepatoduodenal, retropancreatic, and mesenteric) or quaternary (middle colic and paraaortic) nodes, or direct invasion to adjacent organs. The overall 5-year survival rate in these 432 patients was 10.2%. The 5-year survival rate in patients with a single factor was 16.3%, being significantly higher than the 2.8% or less in cases with more than 2 factors ( p〈0.01). Patients with tertiary nodal involvement or directly invaded organs alone survived at a rate of 26.1% and 21.8% in the 5-year follow-up, respectively. Radical procedures such as extensive lymphadenectomy and combined resection of the invaded organs further lengthened the survival time. The 5-year survival rates were less than 10% in patients with other factors, singly or more than 2 factors in combination. There appear to be 2 subgroups in whom the rates of survival differ: potentially curable and noncurable patients. More intensive therapeutic regimens corresponding to both groups need to be considered.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1615-2573
    Keywords: Dilated cardiomyopathy ; Electrocardio-gram ; Abnormal Q-wave ; Conduction disturbances
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The prognostic significance of electrocardiographic variables was retrospectively investigated in 88 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and with normal coronary arteriograms. During an average follow-up of 3.7 ± 2.9 years, 43 patients died, 26 of progressive heart failure, 15 patients with sudden death, and one due to cerebral embolism. Excluding one patient, who died of esophageal cancer, the cumulative survival rate was 73% at 2 years and 60% at 5 years. By univariate life table analysis, abnormal Q-waves, a QRS duration ⩾0.12s, a cardiothoracic ratio ⩾60%, systolic blood pressure 〈110mmHg, and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure ⩾15 mmHg were significantly associated with increased mortality within 5 years. Multivariate analysis using Cox's proportional hazards model determined the major independent risk factors in the following order: (1) for all patients; the presence of abnormal Q-waves, left bundle branch block or intraventricular conduction disturbances, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, systolic blood pressure and the cardiothoracic ratio; (2) for patients without left bundle branch block or intraventricular conduction disturbances; abnormal Q-waves, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and systolic blood pressure. The present study thus demonstrated that the electrocardiogram could provide independent prognostic predictors in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, possibly reflecting the severity of myocardial damage.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-689X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In literature database searching, we show that it is necessary to use plural databases for a more improved search. We also compare the results of a single database search with that of multiple database search in the domain of Japanese life sciences. We searched the MEDLINE and EMBASE using the same search terms. There were some differences in the results, owing to differences in the journals and recording methods. We herein show some of the differences in the journals contained in both databases. Furthermore, we show the differences in the number of papers derived from the same journal. Next, as an example of a practical search, we selected some universities in Japan, searched both databases regarding papers published from these universities and then merged the results by hand. According to our results, only 63% of all papers were common to both databases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-689X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes a flexible random allocation program that assigns treatments to patients according to their prognostic factors in multi-institutional clinical trials. The source lists are available in the appendix of this paper. This program is based on Pocock and Simon's minimization method and Zelen's method for institution balancing. The numbers of institutions, treatments, and prognostic factors can be set arbitrarily. The maximum number of institutions, treatments, or prognostic factors that can be accommodated by the program is limited only by the size of the main memory. For example, an IBM-PC with a 640KB main memory can run a program of 1500 institutions, 4 treatments and 20 prognostic factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-689X
    Keywords: ISDN ; LAN ; PPP ; internet ; remote connection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract SOHO (Small Office/Home Office) has recently become popular, as it makes working at home possible. Computers or Local Area Networks(LAN) connected to the office network from home are necessary for the implementation of this concept. Kyushu University has begun a service connecting home computers to the campus LAN for researchers, staff and students of the Faculty of Medicine. We have two different telephone connection methods. One connects the campus LAN and the home computer LAN using routers through the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN). The other connects computers at home to the workstation in the university, using modems and the PPP (Point to Point Protocol) through a public telephone analog line. This paper outlines our university SOHO connection system and discusses the merits and demerits of using telephone line connections.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-689X
    Keywords: child physiology ; body dimensions ; WWW ; CGI ; Java
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We developed a query and analysis system for normal growth measurement of Japanese children on our WWW server using CGI. It has two subsystems. The first shows standard height and standard weight calculated by height. This subsystem can calculate the difference between measured height and the standard along with deviation and the ratio of measured weight to the standard weight. The second shows standard height, weight, head circumference, and chest circumference. This subsystem can calculate differences between the measurements and the standard as well as deviation. Because of the low amount of output required, very short turn-around time was required. This system also allows use of the same interface no matter which brand terminal is used and has wide reusability. This system will save doctors and nurses the difficulty of looking up a child's data, then having to make the calculation. We also compare the merits of CGI and Java.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of medical systems 24 (2000), S. 11-20 
    ISSN: 1573-689X
    Keywords: automated conveyance system ; electromagnetic fields ; electromagnetic interference ; electronic medical equipment ; non-contact power supply mechanism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Electromagnetic interference (EMI) with electronic medical equipment induced by automatic conveyance systems is estimated. We measured the electric intensities of electromagnetic waves transmitted by three self-controlled electric truck systems. We also observed EMI with an infusion pump and a syringe pump set 1 m from the rail. The maximum electric field intensity was observed at the supplied current frequency in two systems with non-contact power supply mechanisms. The highest value, 137.0 dBμV/m, was measured just beside the rail. This is higher than the international electromagnetic immunity standard limit for electronic medical equipment. EMI may occur if electronic medical equipment is used within 2 m of the rail when the system contains an inductive power supply mechanism. With a contact power supply mechanism, the electric field intensity was much lower than that of the immunity standard. EMI should not occur even when electronic medical equipment is used just beside the rail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-689X
    Keywords: intranet technology ; server-client architecture ; personal computer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Hospital information systems have recently grown into huge, complex systems. As a result, the cost of development and maintenance of application programs has increased and become a serious problem. We have constructed an order entry system using server-client architecture as part of a hospital intranet information system in which a personal computer is used as a server. Using a commercial database management system and software development tools, an easily maintained order entry system was developed within only three months by one programer. Since slow response when the number of clients increased was possible, we measured turn-around times when one or ten clients accessed simultaneously. Turn-around times were 8 and 10 sec, respectively. Because we expect much better performance from personal computers in the near future, application systems using personal computers as Intranet servers will be cost and time effective and easy to develop and maintain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-689X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes the random allocation system used to perform precise and rapid treatment assignments in multi-institutional clinical trials. This system is based on sophisticated randomization procedures, according to Pocock and Simon's minimization method and Zelen's method for institution balancing. The major advantage of randomized treatment assignments with this system is to balance treatment numbers for each level of various prognostic factors over the entire trial and at the same time balance the allocation of treatments within an institution. Therefore, the randomized treatment assignments by this system can prevent degrading of the statistical power of a particular treatment factor. This system is designed to run on a small-sized notebook computer and therefore can be set up beside a telephone for registration, without occupying a large space. At present, this system is conveniently being used in two clinical trials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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