Description: Building multi disciplinary monitoring system

Description: In this paper, the non-invasive system MASSIMO is presented for the monitoring and the seismic vulnerability mitigation of the cultural heritage. It integrates ground-based, airborne and spaceborne remote sensing tools with geophysical and in situ surveys to provide the multi-spatial (regional, urban and building scales) and multi-temporal (long-term, short-term, near-real-time and real-time scales) monitoring of test areas and buildings. The measurements are integrated through web-based GIS and 3D visual platforms to support decision-making stakeholders involved in urban planning and structural requalification. An application of this system is presented over the Calabria region for the town of Cosenza and a test historical complex.

Description: MIUR

Description: Published

Description: 397-415

Description: 4T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica

Description: JCR Journal

Description: Since the last century sea level is rising at unprecedented rates with respect to the last millennia. In the average, the Oceans are rising at 3.2 mm/yr, while the Mediterranean at 1.8 mm/yr. In the latter region, vertical tectonic movements play a key role to locally increasing the rates of sea level rise, especially along subsiding coasts, threating coastal infrastructures, heritage sites and cities. The Global Geodetic Observation System (GGOS) is supporting the observation of the natural and anthropogenic coastal changes and, in sinergy with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Reports (2014) on climate change predictions, marine flooding scenarios for the next decades can be provided. With this goal, we have investigated the densely populated coast near Rome, between Fiumicino and Ostia villages, which is characterized by low elevated coasts, the mouth of Tiber river and important infrastructures, like harbors and the international airport of Fiumicino. We used and jointly analyzed the available time series of InSAR, GPS and tide gauge data to estimate the rates of land subsidence and sea level trend, to provide the relative sea level rise for this coast up to 2100. Here we show results for two estimated scenarios: i) regional trend projected by the IPCC RCP-4.5 and RCP 8.5 (2014) and ii) the Veermer and Rahmstorf (2009) dual model. For the most severe scenario, our analysis indicate that a broad area will be flooded by 2100.

Description: Published

Description: Ustica, Italy

Description: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale e geologia medica

Description: In this work we exploit X- and C-band InSAR data for detecting local deformation phenomena induced by the 2016–2017 Central Italy seismic sequence. Our goal is to highlight the usefulness of multi-band InSAR analysis for Hazard assessing and Rapid Mapping purposes when in-situ investigations are difficult or dangerous to be performed. Indeed, local seismic-induced effects (such as landslides, avalanches, subsidence, etc.) could severely impact the environment and the population in the surrounding of areas hit by earthquakes. We focused on four areas, named Monte Vettore, Podalla, Bolognola and Cicconi, where InSAR outcomes revealed how the main seismic events of the sequence activated several landslides and secondary faults interested by deformation of ~2–3 cm along the satellite Line-of-Sight (LoS). The use of multi-band InSAR data allows the observation of multi-scale deformation phenomena with both different spatial resolution and coverage, highlighting the limits and constraints of different SAR sensors. Moreover, it ensures the crosschecking of displacement patterns retrieved through different InSAR products, especially when no ground truth or in situ ancillary data are available for validation purposes. As a result, the retrieved InSAR information can support the Scientific Community and the Institutions in the management of crisis emergencies.

Description: Published

Description: 234-242

Description: 1T. Deformazione crostale attiva

Description: JCR Journal

Description: In this paper, a non-invasive infrastructural system called MASSIMO is presented for the monitoring and the seismic vulnerability mitigation of cultural heritages. It integrates ground-based, airborne and space-borne remote sensing tools with geophysical and in situ surveys to provide a multi-spatial (regional, urban and building scales) and multi-temporal (longterm, short-term and near-real-time scales) monitoring of test areas and buildings. The measurements are integrated through web-based Geographic Information System (GIS) and 3-dimensional visual platforms to support decision-making stakeholders involved in urban and structural requalification planning. An application of this system is presented over the Calabria region for the town of Cosenza and a test historical complex.

Description: The present work is supported and funded by the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR) under the research project PON01-02710 "MASSIMO" - "Monitoraggio in Area Sismica di SIstemi MOnumentali".

Description: Published

Description: 9-13

Description: 4T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica

Description: N/A or not JCR

Description: Both assessment and mitigation of seismic vulnerability connected to cultural heritages monitoring are non-trivial issues, based on the knowledge of structural and environmental factors potential impacting the cultural heritage. A holistic approach could be suitable to provide an effective monitoring of cultural heritages within their surroundings at different spatial and temporal scales. On the one hand, the analysis about geometrical and structural properties of monuments is important to assess their state of conservation, their response to external stresses as well as anomalies related to natural and/or anthropogenic phenomena (e.g. the aging of materials, seismic stresses, vibrational modes). On the other hand, the investigation of the surrounding area is relevant to assess environmental properties and natural phenomena (e.g. landslides, earthquakes, subsidence, seismic response) as well as their related impacts on the monuments. Within such a framework, a multi-disciplinary system has been developed and here presented for the monitoring of cultural heritages for seismic vulnerability assessment and mitigation purposes*. It merges geophysical investigations and modeling, in situ measurements and multi-platforms remote sensing sensors for the non-destructive and non-invasive multi-scales monitoring of historic buildings in a seismic-prone area. In detail, the system provides: a) the long-term and the regional-scale analysis of buildings’ environment through the integration of seismogenic analysis, airborne magnetic surveys, space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and multi-spectral sensors. They allow describing the sub-surface fault systems, the surface deformation processes and the land use mapping of the regional-scale area on an annual temporal span; b) the short-term and the basin-scale analysis of building’s neighborhood through geological setting and geotechnical surveys, airborne Light Detection And Radar (LiDAR) and ground-based SAR sensors. They enable assessing the site seismic effects, the built-up structural features and the surface deformation processes of the local-scale area on a monthly temporal span; c) the real- to near-real-time and building scale analysis of the heritage through proximal remotely sensing tools (e.g. terrestrial laser scanning, infrared thermal cameras and real aperture radar), combined with ambient vibration tests. They allow analyzing geometric, structural and material properties / anomalies of buildings as well as the state of conservation of structures on a real-time temporal span. The proposed approach is: Specific (it targets the cultural heritages monitoring for seismic mitigation purposes); Measurable (it provides synthetic descriptors or maps able to quantify structural and the environmental properties / anomalies / trends); Action-oriented (it provides information to plan consolidation and restoration actions for prevention activity); Relevant (it allows achieving consolidated results for cultural heritage monitoring); Time-related (it specifies when the results can be achieved). Meaningful results, obtained for the Saint Augustine Complex (XVI century) located in the historic center of the Calabrian chief town of Cosenza, are presented in terms of a web-based Geographic Information System (GIS) platform and a 3-dimensional (3D) visual software for the monitoring of environmental/urban landscapes and buildings. These tools represent the added-value products of the proposed SMART system, which allow integrating and combining multi-sensors analyses in order to support end-users involved into a cultural heritage monitoring.

Description: Copernicus Meetings

Description: Published

Description: Vienna | Austria | 17–22 April 2016

Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica

Description: We investigated the contribution of earthquake-induced surface movements to the ground displacements detected through Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data, after the Mw 3.9 Ischia earthquake on 21 August 2017. A permanent displacement approach, based on the limit equilibrium method, allowed estimation of the spatial extent of the earthquake-induced landslides and the associated probability of failure. The proposed procedure identified critical areas potentially affected by slope movements partially overlapping the coseismic ground displacement retrieved by InSAR data. Therefore, the observed ground displacement field is the combination of both fault slip and surficial sliding caused by the seismic shaking. These findings highlight the need to perform preliminary calculations to account for the non-tectonic contributions to ground displacements before any estimation of the earthquake source geometry and kinematics. Such information is fundamental to avoid both the incorrect definition of the source geometry and the possible overestimation of the coseismic slip over the causative fault. Moreover, knowledge of the areas potentially affected by slope movements could contribute to better management of a seismic emergency, especially in areas exposed to high seismic and hydrogeological risks.

Description: Published

Description: 0303

Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva

Description: JCR Journal

Description: Nowadays, satellite Remote Sensing accounts for a wide range of instruments and sensors with an unprecedented capability to study the physical processes causing earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, slope instabilities, and the effects of human activities, like mining, aquifer exploitation, fluids extraction. Remote Sensing allows the systematic observation of the Earth surface covering large areas (up to hundreds km2), over long time period (up to annual scales). In particular, the novel generation of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and Optical missions have significantly improved the capability to detect changes in the scene and, thanks to innovative processing algorithms, to measure displacements with increased accuracies (up to mm scales). This is the case of Interferometric SAR (InSAR) and Advanced-InSAR techniques that demonstrated their effectiveness to investigate crustal faulting stemming from the detection of surface deformation patterns. Moreover, during a seismic sequence, satellite data are used to map damages in built areas and coseismic deformation due to the main earthquakes. In volcanic studies InSAR allows measuring pre-eruptive inflation, co-eruptive deflation and the post-eruptive response. The spatial-temporal evolution of volcanic processes, the “breathing” of a volcano, can be monitored with temporal series of InSAR interferograms using multitemporal InSAR techniques. The measured deformation can be used as a constraint for the formulation of the inverse problem, i.e., to retrieve information concerning the depth, size, shape of the magmatic source. Finally, natural and anthropogenic subsidence can be monitored over long temporal span in order to follow their evolution and possible impact on the environment.

Description: Published

Description: St. Petersburg, Russia

Description: 6T. Variazioni delle caratteristiche crostali e precursori

Description: In this paper, we propose a combined use of real aperture radar (RAR) and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensors, within an interferometric processingchain, to provide a new methodology for monitoring urban environment and historical buildings at different temporal and spatial scales. In particular, ground-based RAR measurements are performed to estimate the vibration displacements and the natural oscillation frequencies of structures, with the aim of supporting the understanding of the building dynamic response. These measurements are then juxtaposed with ground-based and space-borne SAR data to monitor surface deformation phenomena, and hence, point out potential risks within an urban environment. In this framework, differential interferometric SAR algorithms are implemented to generate short-term (monthly) surface displacement and long-term (annual) mean surface displacement velocity maps at local (hundreds m2) and regional (tens km2) scale, respectively. The proposed methodology, developed among the activities carried out within the national project Programma Operativo Nazionale MASSIMO (Monitoraggio in Area Sismica di SIstemi MOnumentali), is tested and discussed for the ancient structure of Saint Augustine compound, located in the historical center of Cosenza (Italy) and representing a typical example of the Italian Cultural Heritage.

Description: Published

Description: 3761-3776

Description: 1T. Deformazione crostale attiva

Description: JCR Journal

Description: MIUR, PON MASSIMO, INGV

Description: Published

Description: 1SR. TERREMOTI - Servizi e ricerca per la Società

Description: MIUR, PON MASSIMO

Description: Published

Description: 1T. Deformazione crostale attiva