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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht :Springer Netherlands,
    Keywords: Risk management. ; Risk management -- Mathematical models. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (290 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9789400722262
    Series Statement: Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research Series ; v.32
    DDC: 333.714
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Integrated Catastrophe Risk Modeling -- Preface -- Contents -- Part I: Integrated Modeling for Informing Risk Management Policies -- Chapter 1: Catastrophe Models for Informing Risk Management Policy: An Introduction -- 1.1 Scope -- 1.2 Risk Management and Systems Analysis -- 1.3 Catastrophe Models -- 1.4 Catastrophe Models As Decision and Policy Support -- 1.5 Book Overview -- 1.5.1 Part I: Catastrophe Models for Informing Risk Management Policy -- 1.5.2 Part II: Disasters and Growth: Modeling and Managing Country-Wide Catastrophe Risk -- 1.5.3 Part III: Tisza River Basin in Hungary: Flood Risk Management, Multi-stakeholder Processes and Conflict Resolution -- 1.6 Part I: Catastrophe Models for Informing Risk Management Policy -- 1.6.1 Introduction -- 1.6.2 Chapter Descriptions -- References -- Chapter 2: Modeling Risk and Uncertainty: Managing Flash Flood Risk in Vienna -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Concepts of Risk -- 2.3 Aleatory Uncertainty, Epistemic Uncertainty, and Risk Curves -- 2.4 Flash Floods in Vienna and Its Subway System -- 2.5 Stochastic Optimization (STO) Model -- 2.6 Risk Management Measures and Integrated Modeling -- 2.7 Summary of the Results -- 2.8 Some Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3: Modeling Catastrophe Risk for Designing Insurance Systems -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The Standard Insurance Risk Model -- 3.3 Overview of Case Studies -- 3.4 Stochastic Optimization (STO) Model -- 3.5 Insolvency, Stopping Time, and Nonsmooth Risk Functions -- 3.6 The Tuscany Region Case Study -- 3.7 The Solution Procedure -- 3.8 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4: Multiple Criteria Decision Making for Flood Risk Management -- 4.1 Introduction and Background -- 4.2 The Framework -- 4.3 The Simulation Model -- 4.4 Policy Strategies -- 4.5 A Decision Analytical Tool -- 4.6 Adding Different Perspectives. , 4.7 Case Study: Area and Setting -- 4.8 Criteria -- 4.9 Strategies -- 4.10 Analysis of Strategies -- 4.10.1 The Decision Tree -- 4.10.2 Comparing Stakeholders -- 4.10.3 Weighting All Stakeholders Equally -- 4.10.4 Pareto Optimal Solution -- 4.11 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 5: Dams and Catastrophe Risk: Discounting in Long Term Planning -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Ethical Goals and Constraints -- 5.2.1 Spatio-Temporal Heterogeneities -- 5.2.2 Multiagent Aspects -- 5.2.3 Safety Constraints -- 5.2.4 Discounting -- 5.2.5 Assessment vs. Robust Solutions -- 5.3 Flood Management Model -- 5.4 Case Study -- 5.4.1 Discounting and Robust Decisions -- 5.5 Risk Communication, Public Perception and Participation -- 5.5.1 Intertemporal Inconsistency of Discounting -- 5.5.2 Commitment to Actions -- 5.6 Some Conclusions for Policy Evaluations -- References -- Part II: Disasters and Growth: Modeling and Managing Country-Wide Catastrophe Risk -- Chapter 6: Modeling Aggregate Economic Risk: An Introduction -- 6.1 Disasters and Economic Development: The Empirical Evidence -- 6.2 Modeling Macroeconomic Impacts of Disasters -- 6.3 Modeling Disaster Risk Explicitly -- 6.4 Contributions in this Volume -- 6.5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 7: Economic Growth Under Catastrophes -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Sustained Economic Growth -- 7.3 Programming Adjustment of Growth: Ex-Ante and Ex-Post Strategies -- 7.4 Convergence, Traps and Thresholds -- 7.5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 8: Modeling Macro Scale Disaster Risk: The CATSIM Model -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 The Rationale for Financing Disaster Risk -- 8.2.1 Defining Risk and Vulnerability -- 8.2.2 Vulnerability and Risk Related to Natural Hazards -- 8.2.3 Fiscal and Economic Implications of Disasters -- 8.2.4 Risk Financing Options for Reducing Financial Vulnerability. , 8.3 The CATSIM Model Approach -- 8.3.1 Methodology and Structure -- 8.3.2 Methodological Steps of CATSIM -- 8.3.3 Algorithm for Calculating Financing Available from Ex-Ante and Ex-Post Sources -- 8.3.4 The Economic Module -- 8.3.5 Representing Uncertainty -- 8.4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9: Managing Indirect Economic Consequences of Disaster Risk: The Case of Nepal -- 9.1 Assessing the Economic Impacts of Disasters in Nepal -- 9.2 The Burden of Natural Disasters in Nepal -- 9.2.1 Socioeconomic Context -- 9.2.2 The Direct and Indirect Burden of Natural Disasters -- 9.3 Policy Options for Managing Disaster Risk -- 9.3.1 Overview -- 9.3.2 Planning Economic Risk -- 9.3.3 Relevance of Risk for Assessing Options -- 9.4 Assessing and Planning for Economic Risk: CATSIM -- 9.4.1 Methodological Steps of CATSIM -- 9.4.2 Modeling Aggregate Impacts -- 9.4.3 Modeling Sectoral Impacts -- 9.5 Results -- 9.5.1 Assessment of Direct Asset Risks (Step 1) -- 9.5.2 Estimation of Fiscal Resilience of the Public Sector (Step 2) -- 9.5.3 Fiscal Vulnerability and the ``Resource Gap´´ (Step 3) -- 9.5.4 Mainstreaming Disaster Risk into Macroeconomic and Development Planning (Step 4) -- 9.5.4.1 Aggregate Analysis -- 9.5.4.2 Intersectoral Linkages -- 9.6 Discussion and Conclusions -- Appendix -- SAM Multiplier Coefficients Table for Nepal Based on Acharya (2007) -- References -- Part III: Tisza River Basin in Hungary: Flood Risk Management, Multi-stakeholder Processes and Conflict Resolution -- Chapter 10: Catastrophe Models and Policy Processes: Managing Flood Risk in the Hungarian Tisza River Basin - An Introduction -- 10.1 Scope -- 10.2 Background and Context -- 10.2.1 The River Defense Paradigm -- 10.2.2 The New Vasarhelyi Plan -- 10.2.3 Sharing Costs: A Hungarian Compensation and Insurance System -- 10.3 How Models Can Contribute to Flood Risk Management. , 10.4 Integration -- References -- Chapter 11: Social Indicators of Vulnerability to Floods: An Empirical Case Study in Two Upper Tisza Flood Basins -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Methodology -- 11.2.1 Sample -- 11.2.2 Method -- 11.3 Summary of Questionnaire Responses -- 11.3.1 Exposure -- 11.3.2 Preparedness -- 11.3.3 Physical and Mental Health -- 11.3.4 Education -- 11.3.5 Household Economic Data -- 11.3.6 Social Capital -- 11.3.7 The Impacts of Floods -- 11.4 Vulnerability Indicators -- 11.5 Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- Chapter 12: Designing a Flood Management and Insurance System in Hungary: A Model-Based Stakeholder Approach -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Stakeholder Views -- 12.2.1 State Protection (River Defence) -- 12.2.2 Individual Responsibility -- 12.2.3 Ecological Development (Working Landscape) -- 12.3 Designing a National Insurance Program -- 12.4 The Flood Risk Policy Model -- 12.5 The Model-Assisted Stakeholder Workshop -- 12.5.1 Option A1: A Mixed Public-Private System -- 12.5.1.1 Model Simulations for Option A1 -- 12.5.2 Option B1: Private Responsibility and Insurance -- 12.5.2.1 Model Simulations for Option B1 -- 12.5.3 Option C1: A Public Insurance Fund -- 12.5.3.1 Model Simulations for Option C1 -- 12.6 A Consensus Policy Path -- 12.6.1 Comparing Options -- 12.6.2 The Hungarian Insurance Legislation -- 12.7 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 13: Consensus by Simulation: a Flood Model for Participatory Policy Making -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Simulation Model -- 13.2.1 Disaster Module -- 13.3 Policy Module -- 13.4 Consequence Module -- 13.4.1 Damages -- 13.4.2 Governmental Wealth -- 13.4.3 Insurance Company -- 13.4.4 Property Owner (Individual and Aggregated) -- 13.5 Interface Module -- 13.5.1 The Main Window: Choose a Mode -- 13.5.2 Settings Windows: Set Variables -- 13.6 Results Window: View Results. , 13.7 Stakeholder Workshop -- 13.8 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 14: A Risk-Based Decision Analytic Approach to Assessing Multi-stakeholder Policy Problems -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 A Decision Theoretical Approach -- 14.2.1 Decision Analysis -- 14.3 The Policy Problem Formulation -- 14.4 Analysing the Policy Scenarios -- 14.4.1 Representation of the Decision Problem -- 14.4.2 Evaluation of the Policy Options -- 14.5 Summary and Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 15: Optimizing Public Private Risk Transfer Systems for Flood Risk Management in the Upper Tisza Region -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 A Catastrophe Model -- 15.3 Adaptive Monte Carlo Optimization -- 15.4 The Stochastic Optimization Model -- 15.5 Demand for Ex-Ante Contingent Credit -- 15.6 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 16: Flood Risk in a Changing Climate: A Multilevel Approach for Risk Management -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Direct Flood Risk at the National and Regional Level in Hungary -- 16.2.1 Direct Flood Risk Estimation Methodology -- 16.2.2 Flood Risk in Hungary -- 16.3 Estimating Future Flood Losses in the Tisza Regions Taking Account of Climate Change -- 16.4 Risk Management Against Increases in Losses -- 16.5 Conclusion -- References -- Index.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford :Taylor & Francis Group,
    Keywords: Environmental risk assessment -- Europe. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (353 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781849776271
    Series Statement: Earthscan Risk in Society Series
    DDC: 363.7/094
    Language: English
    Note: Cover -- Transboundary Risk Management -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Foreword -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- Chapter 2 Swedish Aid and the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant -- Chapter 3 Genetically Modified Crops: What Transboundary Harmonization in Europe? -- Chapter 4 Transboundary Air Pollution: Lessons for Useful Analysis -- Chapter 5 Cultures of Uncertainty - Transboundary Risks and BSE in Europe -- Chapter 6 A Transborder Environmental Controversy on the Danube: The Gabcikovo-Nagymaros Dam System -- Chapter 7 Transboundary Risk Management in the South: A Nepalese Perspective on Himalayan Water Projects -- Chapter 8 Border Crossings -- Chapter 9 Public Participation across Borders -- Chapter 10 International Negotiation and the Management of Transboundary Risks -- Chapter 11 Transboundary Environmental Risk Management in the New Millennium: Lessons for Theory and Practice -- Address by Birgitta Dahl, Speaker of the Swedish Parliament -- Index.
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  • 3
    Keywords: Climatic changes ; Climatic changes ; Risk management ; Risk management ; Climate Change ; Environmental policy. ; Environmental law ; Environmental law ; Climatology. ; Environment. ; Financial risk management.
    Description / Table of Contents: This book provides an authoritative insight on the Loss and Damage discourse by highlighting state-of-the-art research and policy linked to this discourse and articulating its multiple concepts, principles and methods. Written by leading researchers and practitioners, it identifies practical and evidence-based policy options to inform the discourse and climate negotiations. With climate-related risks on the rise and impacts being felt around the globe has come the recognition that climate mitigation and adaptation may not be enough to manage the effects from anthropogenic climate change. This recognition led to the creation of the Warsaw International Mechanism on Loss and Damage in 2013, a climate policy mechanism dedicated to dealing with climate-related effects in highly vulnerable countries that face severe constraints and limits to adaptation. Endorsed in 2015 by the Paris Agreement and effectively considered a third pillar of international climate policy, debate and research on Loss and Damage continues to gain enormous traction. Yet, concepts, methods and tools as well as directions for policy and implementation have remained contested and vague. Suitable for researchers, policy-advisors, practitioners and the interested public, the book furthermore: • discusses the political, legal, economic and institutional dimensions of the issue • highlights normative questions central to the discourse • provides a focus on climate risks and climate risk management • presents salient case studies from around the world
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 557 p. 107 illus., 97 illus. in color, online resource)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Earth and Environmental Science
    ISBN: 9783319720265
    Series Statement: Climate Risk Management, Policy and Governance
    Language: English
    Note: Open Access
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
    Description / Table of Contents: Intro -- Foreword I: Perspective from Saint Lucia -- Foreword II: Perspective of Germany -- Preface -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Setting the Stage: Key Concepts, Challenges and Insights -- 1 Science for Loss and Damage. Findings and Propositions -- 1.1 Understanding and Reviewing the Evidence for Advancing Science and Policy -- 1.2 Evolution of the Policy Discourse -- 1.3 The Research Perspective: Definitions and Concepts -- 1.3.1 Defining Losses and Damages -- 1.3.2 Loss and Damage in the Context of Climate and Disaster Risk Management -- 1.4 A Broadening Research Landscape-Chapter Summaries -- 1.4.1 Setting the Stage: Key Concepts, Challenges and Insights -- 1.4.2 Critical Issues Shaping the Discourse -- 1.4.3 Research and Practice: Reviewing Methods and Tools -- 1.4.4 Geographic Perspectives and Cases -- 1.4.5 Policy Options and Other Response Mechanisms for the LampD Discourse -- 1.5 From Findings to Propositions for the Loss and Damage Debate -- 1.6 Conclusions -- References -- 2 The Ethical Challenges in the Context of Climate Loss and Damage -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Two Approaches to Distinguish Between Adaptation and LampD -- 2.3 Neither Compensation Nor Liability Under the UNFCCC -- 2.4 Categorising LampD Measures to Differentiate Responsibilities -- 2.5 Differentiating Responsibilities for LampD Measures -- 2.6 Conclusions -- References -- 3 Observed and Projected Impacts from Extreme Weather Events: Implications for Loss and Damage -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.1.1 Impacts from Extreme Weather -- 3.1.2 Extreme Weather Impacts and Loss and Damage -- 3.2 Observed Changes in Weather Extremes -- 3.3 Observed Impacts Based on Disaster Loss Records -- 3.3.1 Loss Data and Normalisation -- 3.3.2 Analysis of Loss Trends -- 3.3.3 Interpretation of Drivers of Losses -- 3.4 Projections of Future Extreme Weather Losses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (563 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783319720265
    Series Statement: Climate Risk Management, Policy and Governance Series
    Language: English
    Note: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Risk analysis 11 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) is an important methodology for assessing the risks of complex technologies. This paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of PRA. Its application is explored in three different settings: adversarial policy processes, regulatory/licensing procedures, and plant safety audits. It is concluded that PRA is a valuable tool for auditing safety precautions of existing or planned technologies, especially when it is carried out as an interactive process involving designers and plant personnel who are familiar with actual, everyday operations. PRA has not proven to be as well-suited in providing absolute risk estimates in public-policy debates concerning the acceptability of a technology, or for the licensing and regulatory procedures. The reasons for this are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Publishing Inc.
    Risk analysis 23 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: With escalating costs of flood mitigation and relief, a challenge for the Hungarian government is to develop a flood mitigation and insurance/relief system that is viewed as efficient and fair by the many stakeholders involved. To aid policymakers in this task, this article reports on a recent study to elicit stakeholder views on flood risk management in the Upper Tisza Basin, including views on appropriate means of reducing losses and for transferring the residual losses from the direct victims to taxpayers or an insurance pool. This study is part of a project to develop an integrated approach to flood risk management coordinated by the International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in collaboration with Swedish and Hungarian researchers. The discussion begins by describing the background of flood risk management problems in the Upper Tisza Basin. The results of interviews carried out with selected key stakeholders and the results of a public survey eliciting views on flood risk management are reported. The final section draws conclusions on incorporating stakeholder views into a flood risk management model, which will be used to illustrate policy paths at an upcoming stakeholder workshop. The conclusions are also of direct interest to Hungarian policymakers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Publishing Inc.
    Risk analysis 23 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: This article examines the potential of pre- and post-disaster instruments for funding disaster response and recovery and for creating incentives for flood loss mitigation in countries with emerging or transition economies. As a concrete case, we discuss the disaster recovery arrangements following the 1997 flood disaster in Poland. We examine the advantages and limitations of hedging instruments, which are instruments for transferring the risk to investors either through insurance or capital market-based securities. We compare these mechanisms with financing instruments, whereby the government sets aside funds prior to a disaster or taps its own funding sources after the event occurs. We show how hedging instruments can be designed to create incentives for the mitigation of damage to public infrastructure using the flood proofing of a water-treatment plant on the hypothetical Topping River as an illustrative example. We conclude that hedging instruments can be an attractive alternative to financing instruments that have been traditionally used in the poorer, emerging-economy countries to fund disaster recovery. Since very poor countries are likely to have difficulty paying the price of protection prior to a disaster, we suggest that international lending institutions consider innovations for subsidizing these payments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Publishing Inc.
    Risk analysis 23 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2022-03-08
    Description: 3rd Report prepared by The World in 2050 initiative
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2023-03-01
    Description: The European Union (EU) has firmly positioned itself as a global leader in promoting and implementing nature-based solutions (NBS). The recently released EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, Strategy on Adaptation to Climate Change, and Forest Strategy - all representing key pillars of the ambitious European Green Deal (EGD) - rely on NBS to both preserve and restore ecosystem integrity and increase climate resilience. Although research and policy in Europe have advanced the conceptualization and operationalization of NBS, a much wider adoption is needed to reach the ambitious goals of the EGD and fulfil its vision of transforming into a sustainable, climate-neutral, climate resilient, fair, and prosperous EU by 2050. In this paper, we review recent EU-supported research, policy, and practices to identify critical dimensions that still need to be addressed for greater uptake of NBS. While recognising the multiple societal challenges NBS can target, we build on the key messages from the ‘5th European Climate Change Adaptation conference ECCA 2021′ and focus our analysis on NBS for climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction. We screen a wide range of NBS cases across the EU and identify-three core challenges to implementation: the lack of a comprehensive evidence base on the effectiveness of NBS to address targeted challenges; the need for a greater involvement of the private sector in financing NBS; and opportunities for enhancing stakeholder engagement in the successful design and implementation of NBS. We take these challenges as the starting point for a broader reflection and critical discussion on the role of i) knowledge, i) finance, including investments in NBS and divestments from nature-negative projects, and iii) governance and policy frameworks to enable the uptake of NBS. We conclude by identifying options for the EU to foster the uptake of NBS in research, policy and practice.
    Description: Published
    Description: 100450
    Description: 4A. Oceanografia e clima
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Nature-based solutions ; European Union ; European Green Deal ; Climate change adaptation ; Disaster risk reduction ; 05.08. Risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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