ISSN:
1432-0703
Source:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Topics:
Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
,
Medicine
Notes:
Abstract Fathead minnows, 30 days old, were exposed to technical grade bromacil and diuron in flow-through tests to determine acute toxicity. LC50 values for bromacil were 185, 183, 182 and 167 mg/L at 24, 48, 96, and 168 hr, respectively; and for diuron, 23.3, 19.9, 14.2, and 7.7 mg/L at 24, 48, 96, and 192 hr, respectively. Eggs, newly hatched fry, and juvenile fish were continuously exposed to lower concentrations of the herbicides for 64 days. Growth was significantly reduced (p ⩽ 0.01) at the lowest bromacil exposure of 1.0 mg/L. Therefore, it was not possible to determine a “no effect” concentration. The “no effect” concentration for diuron was 33.4 μg/L, while the lowest concentration which resulted in adverse effects was 78.0 μg/L. Adverse effects at 78.0 μg/L were an increased incidence of abnormal or dead fry immediately after hatch (p ⩽ 0.01) and decreased survival throughout the exposure period (p ⩽ 0.05). Neither herbicide accumulated significantly in fish tissue, as bioconcentration factors were 〈3.2 and 2.0 for bromacil and diuron, respectively. Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) injected with radiolabeled bromacil or diuron eliminated over 90% of the radioactivity within 24 hr. Parent compound and metabolites were detected in the aquarium water in both cases. Metabolites of diuron recovered from the water included 3,4-dichloroaniline and several demethylated products.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01055817
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