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  • 1
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (47 Blatt = 2,2 MB)
    Language: German
    Note: Zusammenfassung in deutscher und englischer Sprache
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-08-02
    Description: The tropical pacific is governed by the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Understanding this coupled ocean-atmosphere oscillation is crucial due to its global teleconnections on temperature and pressure. The present study examines the natural variability of ENSO, using a 4500-yr unforced control run from the Kiel Climate Model, version 1.4.0. Compared with observations, the preindustrial run displays a cold bias of serveral degrees in the equatorial pacific. The model also exhibits realistic spatial patterns of variability in key variables like sea surface temperature (SST), sea level pressure (SLP), zonal 10m Windspeed (WO) and the heat content of the upper 300m of the ocean (WO). As seen in previous studys of the KCM, deviations between model and observations are prominent in anomalous SSTs in the western equatorial pacific. Although overestimated by ~ 17%, the amplitude of ENSO exhibits a realistic range of variability. The present study reveals that the characteristics of ENSO in this control run can mainly be described by the equatorial SST- and SLP-indices like Nino 3.4 Index or Equatorial Southern Oscillation Index (EQSOI). The common used Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) seems to be inapplicable for this purpose. In the analysed parameters of the nm, ENSO exibits a realistic periodicity on a time scale of 1,7-5 years with a maximum of variation around 3 years. There is also high variability on multidekadal time scales without any significant peaks. In this sense it can be explained by a damped AR1-Process.
    Keywords: Course of study: BSc Physics of the Earth System
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-09-26
    Description: Summary The Bathymetrists Seamounts (BSM) are located north of the volcanic Sierra Leone Rise in the eastern Atlantic between 6° and 9°N. The three W-E, N-S and NE-SW striking directions of the seamounts indicate a clear structural control for the emplacement of these volcanoes. The origin of the melts, their relationship to the Sierra Leone Rise and the role of the faults in the formation of the melts are unknown as the BSM could be explained by plume related volcanism or decompression melting beneath deep (transform) faults. The SEDIS-cruise M152/2 of RV METEOR strove for a better understanding of the life cycle of submarine volcanoes and their effect on the oceanic lithosphere in the oceanic intraplate setting of the BSM and the relationship to the Sierra Leone Rise. The aims were: 1) to understand the interaction between crustal thickness, tectonics and volcanic phases, 2) to investigate the structural, chronological and petrological evolution of individual seamounts and seamount chains, 3) to review slope failures and resulting mass flow processes. We addressed these objectives by more than 4000 km highresolution reflection seismic and more than 5000 km of parametric echosounder, multi-beam, and gravity and magnetic profiles. Rock samples for ground truthing and geochemical research have been collected during 14 dredge stations. We further determined the concentrations in surface seawater and air and the state of air-sea exchange of a number of nowadays globally banned pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, brominated flame retardants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives. Zusammenfassung Die Bathymetrists Seeberge liegen nördlich der Sierra Leone Schwelle, einer vulkanischen Plattform im östlichen Atlantik zwischen 6° und 9° N. Diese submarinen Vulkane gruppieren sich entlang W-E, N-S und NE-SW Trends, was eine strukturelle Kontrolle der Vulkanentstehung indiziert. Die Schmelzentstehung sind unbekannt und können mit PlumeVulkanismus oder Dekompressionsschmelzen unter bisher nicht untersuchten Störungen und tiefen Transformstörungen zusammenhängen. Der Bezug zur Sierra Leone Schwelle ist ebenfalls unbekannt. Im Zuge der SEDIS-Expedition M152/2 mit FS METEOR wurde der Lebenszyklus von Unterwasservulkanen und deren geochemischen Einfluss auf die ozeanische Lithosphäre der Bathymetrists Seeberge untersucht. Anhand der profilhaften geophysikalischer Messungen und Dredge-Proben wollen wir 1) die Wechselwirkung zwischen Krustenmächtigkeit, Tektonik und Vulkanismus verstehen, 2) die strukturelle, chronologische und petrologische Entwicklung von Vulkanen und Vulkanketten untersuchen, und 3) Auslösemechanismen, Transportprozesse und Volumina von Hangrutschungen studieren. Zur Bearbeitung der wissenschaftlichen Fragen sammelten wir mehr als 4000 km mehrkanal-reflexionsseismischer und mehr als 5000 km parametrische Sedimentecholot, Fächerlot, Schwere und Magnetik-Profile. Für die geochemischen Arbeiten sammelten wir an 14 Stationen Gesteinsproben unter Einsatz einer Dredge. Die regelmäßige Beprobung der Luft und des Oberflächenwassers diente der Bestimmung der Konzentration von heute weltweit verbotenen Pestiziden, polychlorierten Biphenylen, bromierten Flammschutzmitteln, polyzyklischen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen und deren Derivaten und um den Austausch zwischen Luft und Meer weiter zu verstehen.
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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