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  • 1
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    The Bortoluzzi Mud Volcano (Ionian Sea, Italy) and its potential for tracking the seismic cycle of active faults (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-08
    Description: The Ionian Sea in southern Italy is at the center of active interaction and convergence between the Eurasian and African–Adriatic plates in the Mediterranean. This area is seismically active with instrumentally and/or historically recorded Mw 〉 7:0 earthquakes, and it is affected by recently discovered long strike-slip faults across the active Calabrian accretionary wedge. Many mud volcanoes occur on top of the wedge. A recently discovered one (called the Bortoluzzi Mud Volcano or BMV) was surveyed during the Seismofaults 2017 cruise (May 2017). Bathymetric backscatter surveys, seismic reflection profiles, geochemical and earthquake data, and a gravity core are used here to geologically, geochemically, and geophysically characterize this structure. The BMV is a circular feature ' 22m high and ' 1100m in diameter with steep slopes (up to a dip of 22 ). It sits atop the Calabrian accretionary wedge and a system of flowerlike oblique-slip faults that are probably seismically active as demonstrated by earthquake hypocentral and focal data. Geochemistry of water samples from the seawater column on top of the BMV shows a significant contamination of the bottom waters from saline (evaporite-type) CH4-dominated crustalderived fluids similar to the fluids collected from a mud volcano located on the Calabria mainland over the same accretionary wedge. These results attest to the occurrence of open crustal pathways for fluids through the BMV down to at least the Messinian evaporites at about 􀀀3000 m. This evidence is also substantiated by helium isotope ratios and by comparison and contrast with different geochemical data from three seawater columns located over other active faults in the Ionian Sea area. One conclusion is that the BMV may be useful for tracking the seismic cycle of active faults through geochemical monitoring. Due to the widespread diffusion of mud volcanoes in seismically active settings, this study contributes to indicating a future path for the use of mud volcanoes in the monitoring and mitigation of natural hazards.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-23
    Description: 3SR TERREMOTI - Attività dei Centri
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    The Earth Lab 5s (ETL3D/5s) seismic sensor. Design and test (2020)
    INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-26
    Description: This work presents a new low cost and low power consumption wide-band (5s) three-component seismic sensor, named ETL3D/5s. The sensor is suitable for seismic regional monitoring (local and regional earthquakes), HVSR measurements, seismic microzonation studies and Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of civil structures. ETL3D/5s includes a set of three 4.5 Hz geophones and an electronic circuit that in-creases thegeophone’s natural period. The sensor exhibits a period of 5 s and a power consumption as low as 75 mW. Changes in ambient temperature have little effect on the frequency response because a temperature compensation system is also implemented. A small and sturdy cylindrical housing contains the electronic boards and geophones. The housing design was supported by a modal FEM analysis, in order not to affect the frequency response. The chosen materials and parts guarantee protection against atmospheric agents and watertightness (IP67 degree). The sensor noise model, partially confirmed by a field test, predicts a powerspectral density of 10 (nm/s)/√Hz at 1Hz.
    Description: Published
    Description: DM215
    Description: 7TM.Sviluppo e Trasferimento Tecnologico
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Seismic sensors ; Lippman method ; Low cost seismology ; Induced seismicity ; Building monitoring ; Urban Seismic Observatory ; FEM modal analysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    The SEISMOFAULTS project: First surveys and preliminary results for the Ionian Sea area, Southern Italy (2021)
    INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-27
    Description: The SEISMOFAULTS project (www.seismofaults.it) was set up in 2016 with the general plan of exploring the seismicity of marine areas using deep seafloor observatories. The activity of the first two years (Seismofaults 2017 and 2018) consisted of the installation of a geophysical-geochemical temporary monitoring network over the Ionian Sea floor. Eleven ocean-bottom seismometers with hydrophones (OBS/H) and two seafloor geochemical-geophysical multiparametric observatories were deployed to: (1) identify seismically active faults; (2) identify potential geochemical precursors of earthquakes; and (3) understand possible cause–effect relationships between earthquakes and submarine slides. Furthermore, five gravity cores were collected from the Ionian Sea bottom and ~4082 km of geophysical acquisition, including multibeam and single channel seismic reflection data, were acquired for a total of 4970 km2 high-resolution multibeam bathymetry. Using Niskin bottles, four water column samples were collected: two corresponding at the location of the two multiparametric observatories (i.e., along presumably-active fault zones), one corresponding at a recently discovered mud volcano, and one located above a presumably-active fault zone away from the other three sites. Preliminary results show: (1) a significant improvement in the quality and quantity of seismological records; (2) endogenous venting from presumably active faults; (3) active geofluid venting from a recently-discovered mud volcano; and (4) the correct use of most submarine devices. Preliminary results from the SEISMOFAULTS project show and confirm the potential of multidisciplinary marine studies, particularly in geologically active areas like southern Italy and the Mediterranean Sea.
    Description: Published
    Description: SE326
    Description: 3A. Geofisica marina e osservazioni multiparametriche a fondo mare
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Earthquake; Ionian Sea; OBS.
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    Offshore Seismic Monitoring: deployment of a seismometer on the bottom of a conductor pipe of the oil platform Rospo Mare C (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-04-06
    Description: Extending seismic monitoring to offshore areas is among main INGV’s aims; OBS Lab is contributing to the achievement of this goal with technological development of submarine systems and scientific missions. Offshore realtime systems not only provide oceanographic data but also allow improving the hypocenter computation, under certain operative conditions.
    Description: Unpublished
    Description: Rome
    Description: 1IT. Reti di monitoraggio e sorveglianza
    Keywords: Marine Geophysics ; Ocean Bottom Seismometer ; INGV OBS Lab ; Multidisciplinary Seafloor Observation Station ; Marine seismology ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 5
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    Preliminary observations from data recorded by OBS in the Ionian Sea (Italy) during the SEISMOFAULTS experiment (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-04-06
    Description: The Ionian Sea area is a known site of seismic hazard. Several historical highmagnitude earthquakes occurred in the area (e.g., 1193, M=6.6; 1693, M=7.4; 1908, M=7.2) [Boschi et al., 1997], whose tectonic sources and generation mechanism are still debated. Due to the lack of a seafloor seismic network the detection and location of marine earthquakes are often elusive. The SEISMOFAULTS experiment [http://www.seismofaults.it/] was performed between 2017 May and 2018 May to increase knowledge on the seismicity in the western Ionian Sea. Seven broadband Ocean Bottom Seismometers and Hydrophones
    Description: Published
    Description: Rome
    Description: 3A. Geofisica marina e osservazioni multiparametriche a fondo mare
    Keywords: Marine Geophysics ; Ocean Bottom Seismometer ; Active Tectonics ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 6
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    Mechanical design of a tide gauge station for Ustica (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-04-06
    Description: There are many scientific experiences related to the sealevel measurement with different techniques [Blomenhofer and Hein, 1994; Key and Parke, 1997; Pellegrinelli et al., 2009] where methods, data analysis and comparisons are discussed, but no technical information are provided about the mechanical aspects of the structure required for the acquisition. In order to fill this lack, in this work we show some mechanical design steps, with technical information, of a particular tide gauge station, highlighting the significant mechanical stresses and deformations arising from the interaction between the structure and the sea. The structure of a tide gauge station, with submerged sensor, consists of a surge pipe anchored to a pier and partially immersed in seawater. Despite such conceptual simplicity, this design required a careful analysis under different points of view to ensure a long life in the harsh environment in which the station will be installed and to guarantee an optimal sealevel monitoring.
    Description: Published
    Description: Rome
    Description: 1SR TERREMOTI - Sorveglianza Sismica e Allerta Tsunami
    Keywords: Tsunami ; Marine level ; CAT ; Tyde Gauge ; 03. Hydrosphere
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 7
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    A revision of the OBSP after the Tomo-ETNA experiment (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-04-06
    Description: In 2014 INGV acquired 18 new Ocean Bottom System for Seismic Prospecting (OBSP). These systems, being intended for seismic surveying, are complementary to the other family of OBS’s in the INGV availability, with the broadband instrumenttype instead. Compared to the broadband version, the OBSP is relatively low weight (about 50 kg) and small size, being built around a single 17” glass sphere. The maximum deployment time is also shorter, up to 4 months, depending on the configuration.
    Description: Published
    Description: Rome
    Description: 7TM.Sviluppo e Trasferimento Tecnologico
    Keywords: Marine Geophysics ; Active Tectonics ; INGV OBS Lab ; Ocean Bottom Seismometer
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 8
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    The EARTHCRUISERS project (EARTH CRUst Imagery for investigating SEismicity, volcanism and marine natural Resources in the Sicilian offshore) (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-04-06
    Description: The EARTHCRUISERS project was developed for the MIUR’s call “Progetti Premiali 2015” by the “Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale” (Trieste, Italy) in collaboration with the “Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Etneo” (Catania, Italy) and “Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn” (Naples, Italy). The main goals of the project are: (i) to identify and characterize the main crustal tectonic structures offshore Sicily and the Aeolian Islands, (ii) to better understand the geodynamic processes controlling seismicity and volcanism affecting this region, and (iii) to furnish a useful tool to estimate seismic, tsunamigenic and volcanic hazard in the highly populated coastal sectors. Furthermore, in order to contribute at the Blue Growth objectives, the project aims to analyze some relevant issues related to mineral prospecting offshore, such as the characterization of the hydrothermal systems in the Tyrrhenian Sea and the impact of the exploitation of oil and gas fields on the marine environment in the Sicily Channel. To achieve these objectives the acquisition of multibeam and sidescan sonar, multichannel seismic reflection, magnetic and gravimetric data is planned. Nearly 2500 km of multichannel seismic reflection lines will be acquired during the project in the Marsili Basin (Tyrrhenian Sea) and Mt. Etna offshore. This large amount of data will allow to: better understand the relationship between tectonics and evolution of volcanism; identify active faults and volcanic bodies; better constrain the seismostratigraphic and structural setting of the study areas, and investigate the eventual occurrence of unstable volcanic slopes which could lead to landslide and tsunami. Finally, the deployment offshore southeastern Sicily of a temporary Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS) network will carry out for monitoring the natural seismicity in the area of VEGA platform, the largest oil extraction site in Italian seas. Data collected will be used to study the eventual correlation between local seismicity and oil extractive activities.
    Description: Published
    Description: Rome
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Keywords: Marine Geophysics, Active Tectonic, Ocean Bottom Seismometer
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Extended abstract
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  • 9
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    A study for the selection of a calibration system for seismic sensors (2022)
    INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-09
    Description: This work sets out to identify a state-of-the-art system to be used for the calibration of seismic sensors. The aim is to acquire such a system within the framework of the PON ARS01 00926 EWAS (an Early Warning System for cultural heritage) project, which seeks to develop new technologies for the protection, conservation and safety of cultural heritage and envisages creating a newly developed seismic monitoring system. This system will exploit the ETL3D/5s-H hybrid sensors, resulting from the integration of a precision accelerometer within the ETL3D/5s velocimeter [Fertitta et al., 2020]. The new calibration system, already acquired and being installed, can be used by the EWAS project partners (including the National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology and the Kore University of Enna), to calibrate the ETL3D/5s-H sensors, and by external organisations to calibrate or gauge other seismic sensors, thus providing a useful service to the scientific community and supporting industrial activities. This paper presents the method used and the activities undertaken to define the technical specifications of the calibration system. A feasibility study of an electromechanical vibrating table and the testing of two electrodynamic calibration systems were carried out. One of the electrodynamic systems is the CS18P (Calibration System for Seismic Sensors) produced by the German firm SPEKTRA. The CS18P comprises two vibrating tables, one horizontal and one vertical, which, thanks to their fluid-dynamic suspension, eliminate the sliding and rolling friction associated with the movement of the moving part with respect to the fixed part. A hardware and software system monitors and controls the motion in real time, analyses the data and automatically processes a predefined set of measurements. In the light of the technical specifications and experimental results, the CS18P represents the ideal solution for the aims of the EWAS project and also in view of the possible future uses of the calibration system.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-38
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori analitici e sperimentali
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Seismic sensors calibration, Vibration exciter, Seismometer
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 10
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    One Year of Seismicity Recorded Through Ocean Bottom Seismometers Illuminates Active Tectonic Structures in the Ionian Sea (Central Mediterranean) (2021)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-30
    Description: Seismological data recorded in the Ionian Sea by a network of seven Ocean Bottom Seismometers (OBSs) during the 2017–2018 SEISMOFAULTS experiment provides a close-up view of seismogenic structures that are potential sources of medium-high magnitude earthquakes. The high-quality signal-to-noise ratio waveforms are observed for earthquakes at different scales: teleseismic, regional, and local earthquakes as well as single station earthquakes and small crack events. In this work, we focus on two different types of recording: 1) local earthquakes and 2) Short Duration Events (SDE) associated to micro-fracturing processes. During the SEISMOFAULTS experiment, 133 local earthquakes were recorded by both OBSs and land stations (local magnitude ranging between 0.9 and 3.8), while a group of local earthquakes (76), due to their low magnitude, were recorded only by the OBS network. We relocated 133 earthquakes by integrating onshore and offshore travel times and obtaining a significant improvement in accuracy, particularly for the offshore events. Moreover, the higher signal-to-noise ratio of the OBS network revealed a significant seismicity not detected onshore, which shed new light on the location and kinematics of seismogenic structures in the Calabrian Arc accretionary prism and associated to the subduction of the Ionian lithosphere beneath the Apennines. Other signals recorded only by the OBS network include a high number of Short Duration Events (SDE). The different waveforms of SDEs at two groups of OBSs and the close correlation between the occurrence of events recorded at single stations and SDEs suggest an endogenous fluid venting from mud volcanoes and active fault traces. Results from the analysis of seismological data collected during the SEISMOFAULTS experiment confirm the necessity and potential of marine studies with OBSs, particularly in those geologically active areas of the Mediterranean Sea prone to high seismic risk.
    Description: Published
    Description: 661311
    Description: 3A. Geofisica marina e osservazioni multiparametriche a fondo mare
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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