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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hikurangi Plateau: crustal structure, rifted formation, and Gondwana subduction history (2008)
    Associated volumes
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    In: Geochemistry, geophysics, geosystems, Hoboken, NJ : Wiley, 2000, 9(2008), 7, 1525-2027
    In: volume:9
    In: year:2008
    In: number:7
    In: extent:31
    Description / Table of Contents: Seismic reflection profiles across the Hikurangi Plateau Large Igneous Province and adjacent margins reveal the faulted volcanic basement and overlying Mesozoic-Cenozoic sedimentary units as well as the structure of the paleoconvergent Gondwana margin at the southern plateau limit. The Hikurangi Plateau crust can be traced 50-100 km southward beneath the Chatham Rise where subduction cessation timing and geometry are interpreted to be variable along the margin. A model fit of the Hikurangi Plateau back against the Manihiki Plateau aligns the Manihiki Scarp with the eastern margin of the Rekohu Embayment. Extensional and rotated block faults which formed during the breakup of the combined Manihiki-Hikurangi plateau are interpreted in seismic sections of the Hikurangi Plateau basement. Guyots and ridge-like seamounts which are widely scattered across the Hikurangi Plateau are interpreted to have formed at 99-89 Ma immediately following Hikurangi Plateau jamming of the Gondwana convergent margin at 1̃00 Ma. Volcanism from this period cannot be separately resolved in the seismic reflection data from basement volcanism; hence seamount formation during Manihiki-Hikurangi Plateau emplacement and breakup (125-120 Ma) cannot be ruled out. Seismic reflection data and gravity modeling suggest the 20-Ma-old Hikurangi Plateau choked the Cretaceous Gondwana convergent margin within 5 Ma of entry. Subsequent uplift of the Chatham Rise and slab detachment has led to the deposition of a Mesozoic sedimentary unit that thins from 1̃ km thickness northward across the plateau. The contrast with the present Hikurangi Plateau subduction beneath North Island, New Zealand, suggests a possible buoyancy cutoff range for LIP subduction consistent with earlier modeling.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 31
    ISSN: 1525-2027
    DOI: 10.1029/2007GC001855
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    From oblique subduction to intra-continental transpression: Structures of the southern Kermadec-Hikurangi margin from multibeam bathymetry, side-scan sonar and seismic reflection (1996)
    Springer
    Marine geophysical researches 18 (1996), S. 357-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0581
    Keywords: Oblique subduction ; strike-slip faults ; transpressive deformation ; tectonic erosion ; tectonic accretion ; seamount collision ; multibeam bathymetry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The southern Kermadec-Hikurangi convergent margin, east of New Zealand, accommodates the oblique subduction of the oceanic Hikurangi Plateau at rates of 4–5 cm/yr. Swath bathymetry and sidescan data, together with seismic reflection and geopotential data obtained during the GEODYNZ-SUD cruise, showed major changes in tectonic style along the margin. The changes reflect the size and abundance of seamounts on the subducting plateau, the presence and thickness of trench-fill turbidites, and the change to increasing obliquity and intracontinental transpression towards the south. In this paper, we provide evidence that faulting with a significant strike-slip component is widespread along the entire 1000 km margin. Subduction of the northeastern scrap of the Hikurangi Plateau is marked by an offset in the Kermadec Trench and adjacent margin, and by a major NW-trending tear fault in the scarp. To the south, the southern Kermadec Trench is devoid of turbidite fill and the adjacent margin is characterized by an up to 1200 m high scarp that locally separates apparent clockwise rotated blocks on the upper slope from strike-slip faults and mass wasting on the lower slope. The northern Hikurangi Trough has at least 1 km of trench-fill but its adjacent margin is characterized by tectonic erosion. The toe of the margin is indented by 10–25 km for more than 200 km, and this is inferred to be the result of repeated impacts of the large seamounts that are abundant on the northern Hikurangi Plateau. The two most recent impacts have left major indentations in the margin. The central Hikurangi margin is characterized by development of a wide accretionary wedge on the lower slope, and by transpression of presubduction passive margin sediments on the upper slope. Shortening across the wedge together with a component of strike-slip motion on the upper slope supports an interpretation of some strain partitioning. The southern Hikurangi margin is a narrow, mainly compressive belt along a very oblique, apparently locked subduction zone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00286085
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  • 3
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    Paleo-Fluid Expulsion Influencing Contouritic Drift Formation on the Chatham Rise, New Zealand (2018)
    Wiley
    In:  Basin Research, 30 (1). pp. 5-19.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: The Chatham Rise is located offshore of New Zealand's South Island. Vast areas of the Chatham Rise are covered in circular to elliptical seafloor depressions that appear to be forming through a bathymetrically controlled mechanism, as seafloor depressions 2-5 km in diameter are found in water depths of 800-1100 m. High resolution P-Cable 3D seismic data were acquired in 2013 across one of these depressions. The seafloor depression is interpreted as a mounded contourite. Our data reveal several smaller buried depressions (〈20-650 m diameter) beneath the mounded contourite that we interpret as paleo-pockmarks. These pockmarks are underlain by a complex polygonal fault system that deforms strata and an unusual conical feature. We interpret the conical feature as a sediment remobilization structure based on the presence of stratified reflections within the feature, RMS amplitude values and lack of velocity anomaly that would indicate a non-sedimentary origin. The sediment remobilization structure, polygonal faults and paleo-depressions are indicators of past subsurface fluid flow. We hypothesize that the pockmarks provided the necessary topographic roughness for formation of the mounded contourites thus linking fluid expulsion and deposition of contouritic drifts.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.12237
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  • 4
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    Age and geochemistry of volcanic rocks from the Hikurangi and Manihiki oceanic Plateaus (2010)
    Elsevier
    In:  Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 74 (24). pp. 7196-7219.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-21
    Description: Here we present the first radiometric age data and a comprehensive geochemical data set (including major and trace element and Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotope ratios) for samples from the Hikurangi Plateau basement and seamounts on and adjacent to the plateau obtained during the R/V Sonne 168 cruise, in addition to age and geochemical data from DSDP Site 317 on the Manihiki Plateau. The 40Ar/39Ar age and geochemical data show that the Hikurangi basement lavas (118–96 Ma) have surprisingly similar major and trace element and isotopic characteristics to the Ontong Java Plateau lavas (ca. 120 and 90 Ma), primarily the Kwaimbaita-type composition, whereas the Manihiki DSDP Site 317 lavas (117 Ma) have similar compositions to the Singgalo lavas on the Ontong Java Plateau. Alkalic, incompatible-element-enriched seamount lavas (99–87 Ma and 67 Ma) on the Hikurangi Plateau and adjacent to it (Kiore Seamount), however, were derived from a distinct high time-integrated U/Pb (HIMU)-type mantle source. The seamount lavas are similar in composition to similar-aged alkalic volcanism on New Zealand, indicating a second wide-spread event from a distinct source beginning ca. 20 Ma after the plateau-forming event. Tholeiitic lavas from two Osbourn seamounts on the abyssal plain adjacent to the northeast Hikurangi Plateau margin have extremely depleted incompatible element compositions, but incompatible element characteristics similar to the Hikurangi and Ontong Java Plateau lavas and enriched isotopic compositions intermediate between normal mid-ocean-ridge basalt (N-MORB) and the plateau basement. These younger (not, vert, similar52 Ma) seamounts may have formed through remelting of mafic cumulate rocks associated with the plateau formation. The similarity in age and geochemistry of the Hikurangi, Ontong Java and Manihiki Plateaus suggest derivation from a common mantle source. We propose that the Greater Ontong Java Event, during which not, vert, similar1% of the Earth’s surface was covered with volcanism, resulted from a thermo-chemical superplume/dome that stalled at the transition zone, similar to but larger than the structure imaged presently beneath the South Pacific superswell. The later alkalic volcanism on the Hikurangi Plateau and the Zealandia micro-continent may have been part of a second large-scale volcanic event that may have also triggered the final breakup stage of Gondwana, which resulted in the separation of Zealandia fragments from West Antarctica.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2010.09.030
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Polygonal Fault System and Mud Mobilization in Cenozoic Chalky Limestone of the Chatham Rise, New Zealand (2014)
    In:  [Poster] In: GIMS 2014, Gas in Marine Sediments, 01.-06.09.2014, Taipei, Taiwan .
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-10
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 6
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    Subduction of the oceanic Hikurangi Plateau and its impact on the Kermadec arc (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature Communications, 5 (Article 4923).
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Large igneous province subduction is a rare process on Earth. A modern example is the subduction of the oceanic Hikurangi Plateau beneath the southern Kermadec arc, offshore New Zealand. This segment of the arc has the largest total lava volume erupted and the highest volcano density of the entire Kermadec arc. Here we show that Kermadec arc lavas south of B32°S have elevated Pb and Sr and low Nd isotope ratios, which argues, together with increasing seafloor depth, forearc retreat and crustal thinning, for initial Hikurangi Plateau—Kermadec arc collision B250 km north of its present position. The combined data set indicates that a much larger portion of the Hikurangi Plateau (the missing Ontong Java Nui piece) than previously believed has already been subducted. Oblique plate convergence caused southward migration of the thickened and buoyant oceanic plateau crust, creating a buoyant ‘Hikurangi’ me´lange beneath the Moho that interacts with ascending arc melts.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5923
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    An Update on Recent Gas Hydrate Research Activity in New Zealand (2013)
    In:  [Talk] In: AOGS 2013 : Asia Oceania Geosciences Society Annual Meeting, 24.-28.06.2013, Brisbane, Australia .
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-19
    Description: Recent years have seen a steady increase in gas hydrate-related research in New Zealand, driven by several large-scale projects and strong international collaboration. The Hikurangi Margin, east of New Zealand’s North Island, is the country’s premier gas hydrate province. Here, much of the research has been focused on processes surrounding methane seepage out of the sea floor and on geological conditions that are likely to promote the deposition of concentrated hydrate deposits. Studies into submarine erosion and landslides related to gas hydrate systems have also been a major focus in this province. In particular, flattened ridge tops and submarine mass wasting deposits have been investigated that appear to be related to the up-slope termination of gas hydrate stability. Research is also being carried out to characterise animal communities of the seabed where methane seepage occurs, in order to provide ecological risk assessments for drilling activities. Elsewhere on New Zealand’s continental margins research is also accelerating. Several “frontier” basins around New Zealand are currently being explored with respect to their potential for hosting attractive gas hydrate deposits. A primary focus is to identify and characterise key elements of favourable depositional environments, with a longer-term aim of gas hydrate exploration drilling.
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 8
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    The evolution of the southern Chatham Rise margin: Cretaceous rifting and initialisation of seafloor spreading between Zealandia and Antarctica (2019)
    In:  [Poster] In: EGU General Assembly 2019, 08.-13.04.2019, Vienna, Austria .
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-04-30
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    3-D seismic study into the origin of a large seafloor depression on the Chatham Rise, New Zealand (2014)
    In:  [Poster] In: AGU Fall Meeting 2014, 15.-19.12.2014, San Francisco, USA .
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-17
    Type: Conference or Workshop Item , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 10
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    Cretaceous intracontinental rifting at the southern Chatham Rise margin and initialisation of seafloor spreading between Zealandia and Antarctica (2020)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Highlights • We present three geophysical profiles along the southern Chatham Rise margin. • Structural variations relate to Hikurangi Plateau collision and Zealandia rifting. • SE Chatham Terrace represents a broad COT (thin and modified continental crust). • The southern Chatham Rise margin is a unique hybrid-rifted margin. • Initial rifting was passive, but upwelling mantle affected the Chatham Rise margin. Abstract Passive continental margins are commonly classified as magma-poor and magma-rich types. Related breakup processes are often associated with far-field tectonic stresses or upwelling mantle plumes. The Chatham Rise east off New Zealand records a sequence of Late Cretaceous tectonic events, which include subduction and collision of the oceanic Hikurangi Plateau to subsequent continental rifting and breakup. The mechanisms triggering the change in tectonic forces are poorly understood but address open questions regarding the formation of passive margins. We acquired wide-angle seismic reflection/refraction, multi-channel seismic and potential field data along three profiles crossing the southern Chatham Rise margin and SE Chatham Terrace to the oceanic crust in order to image and understand the crustal structure and breakup mechanisms. Variations in crustal thickness along the highly faulted Chatham Rise are most likely related to the collision with the Hikurangi Plateau. Our data indicate that the SE Chatham Terrace represents a broad continent-ocean transition zone (COTZ), which we interpret to consist of very thin continental crust affected by magmatic activity. Along the southern Chatham Rise margin, features of both, magma-poor and magma-rich rifted margins are present. We suggest that passive rifting initiated at 105–100 Ma related to slab dynamics after the Hikurangi Plateau collision. We revise the onset of seafloor spreading south of the eastern Chatham Rise to ~88 Ma from the extent of our inferred COTZ. Geographically extensive, but low-volume intraplate magmatism affected the margin at 85–79 Ma. We suggest that this magmatism and the onset of seafloor spreading are a response to upwelling mantle through a slab window after 90 Ma. After 85 Ma, spreading segments became connected leading to the final separation of Zealandia from Antarctica. We interpret the southern Chatham Rise margin as a unique hybrid margin whose tectonic history was influenced by passive continental rifting and mantle upwelling.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Format: archive
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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