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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    London :Taylor & Francis Group,
    Keywords: Conservation of natural resources -- Government policy -- Africa, Eastern. ; Conservation of natural resources -- Africa, Eastern -- Citizen participation. ; Sustainable development -- Africa, Eastern. ; Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: The links between policy and practice in natural resource management are often depicted as a cyclical and rational process. In reality, policymaking and implementation are often irrational, unpredictable and highly political. Many science and knowledge-based institutions undertake rigorous research with the aim of influencing policy, but often their influence is much less than intended. Understanding who influences policy at different levels, and how, is crucial to ensure that science is deployed most effectively so as to have an influence on conservation and natural resource management. Conservation and Sustainable Development presents a variety of innovative ways that have been used to influence policy processes, from community pressure groups through elected and unelected leaders, to scientific discourse at the levels of directors of economic planning and conservation. This book analyzes experiences from a variety of conservation interventions by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and other agencies, primarily in Eastern Africa, and challenges the notion of policymaking as a cyclical process. It elaborates on this theme and presents an array of examples of how communities have influenced government, through direct lobbying, influence of parliamentarians, wielding of science and research, and inter-community dialogue, networking and solidarity. The authors present a framework for understanding and strategizing such work so that other institutions can identify where they can best add value.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (225 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781136475986
    Series Statement: Earthscan Conservation and Development Series
    DDC: 333.72096875
    Language: English
    Note: Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- CONTENTS -- List of figures and boxes -- Foreword -- Notes on contributors -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Conservation as a livelihood strategy: linking policy with practice -- 2 Enabling communities to mobilize government support -- 3 Mobilizing local expertise through networking and empowerment -- 4 Who represents practitioners in the policy process? -- 5 Partnering with government technical experts to influence policy and practice -- 6 Influence without borders: regional approaches to environmental policy dialogue -- 7 Shaping policies: science-policy interface in natural resources management -- 8 Bringing conservation science to life: the role of communication to support policy influencing processes in Africa -- 9 Strategizing to influence policy: a framework for practitioners -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford :Taylor & Francis Group,
    Keywords: Range policy. ; Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: Rangelands are large natural landscapes that can include grasslands, shrublands, savannahs and woodlands. Most pastoralists manage their rangelands communally, benefitting from the greater flexibility and seasonal resource access that common property regimes can offer. This book shows, this creates a major challenge for governance and institutions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (321 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781317665175
    DDC: 333.74
    Language: English
    Note: Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- List of contributors -- Introduction -- 1 Principles of pastoralist governance and land management -- 2 Governance of the rangelands in a changing world -- 3 Rangeland resource governance - Jordan -- 4 Ranchers, land tenure, and grassroots governance: maintaining pastoralist use of rangelands in the United States in three different settings -- 5 Community governance of natural resources and rangelands: the case of the Eastern Highlands of Morocco -- 6 Wetlands and drylands in the Sahel: the urgent need for good joint governance -- 7 Current situation and future patrimonializing perspectives for the governance of agro-pastoral resources in the Ait Ikis transhumants of the High Atlas (Morocco) -- 8 Rangeland management in Lebanon: cases from northern Lebanon and Bekaa -- 9 Legal and policy aspects of rangeland management - Mongolia -- 10 Rangeland governance in an open system: protecting transhumance corridors in the Far North Province of Cameroon -- 11 Strengthening communal governance of rangeland in Northern Kenya -- 12 Searching for extensive livestock governance in inland northwest of Spain: achievements of two case studies in Castile-León -- 13 Strengthening communal rangelands management in Botswana: legal and policy opportunities and constraints -- 14 Rebuilding pastoral governance: lessons learnt and conclusions -- References -- Index.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Cytosine methylation is required for mammalian development and is often perturbed in human cancer. To determine how this epigenetic modification is distributed in the genomes of primary and transformed cells, we used an immunocapturing approach followed by DNA microarray analysis to generate ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 20 (1990), S. 285-289 
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The title compound is monoclinic:a=13.345(3),b=11.393(2),c=10.046(5)Å,β=108.48(2)°,Z=4,P21/c. The structure was determined by direct methods, using MoKα diffractometer data, and refined by full-matrix least squares toR=0.045 for 1463 reflections. The structure shows a central tetrahedral carbon atom surrounded by two methyl and two phenylcyanate groups. The geometry of the cyanate group compares well with that in 4-chloro-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl cyanate, the only example of an organic cyanate in the Cambridge Crystallographic database (V.3). The intermolecular nitrile, C-N, distances were examined for evidence of a possible dimerization interaction; no significant distances were found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2021-03-04
    Description: Throughout spring and summer 2020, ozone stations in the northern extratropics recorded unusually low ozone in the free troposphere. From April to August, and from 1 to 8 kilometers altitude, ozone was on average 7% (≈4 nmol/mol) below the 2000 to 2020 climatological mean. Such low ozone, over several months, and at so many stations, has not been observed in any previous year since at least 2000. Atmospheric composition analyses from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service and simulations from the NASA GMI model indicate that the large 2020 springtime ozone depletion in the Arctic stratosphere contributed less than one quarter of the observed tropospheric anomaly. The observed anomaly is consistent with recent chemistry-climate model simulations, which assume emissions reductions similar to those caused by the COVID-19 crisis. COVID-19 related emissions reductions appear to be the major cause for the observed reduced free tropospheric ozone in 2020.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2021-07-21
    Description: Throughout spring and summer 2020, ozone stations in the northern extratropics recorded unusually low ozone in the free troposphere. From April to August, and from 1 to 8 kilometers altitude, ozone was on average 7% (≈4 nmol/mol) below the 2000–2020 climatological mean. Such low ozone, over several months, and at so many stations, has not been observed in any previous year since at least 2000. Atmospheric composition analyses from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service and simulations from the NASA GMI model indicate that the large 2020 springtime ozone depletion in the Arctic stratosphere contributed less than one‐quarter of the observed tropospheric anomaly. The observed anomaly is consistent with recent chemistry‐climate model simulations, which assume emissions reductions similar to those caused by the COVID‐19 crisis. COVID‐19 related emissions reductions appear to be the major cause for the observed reduced free tropospheric ozone in 2020.
    Description: Plain Language Summary: Worldwide actions to contain the COVID‐19 virus have closed factories, grounded airplanes, and have generally reduced travel and transportation. Less fuel was burnt, and less exhaust was emitted into the atmosphere. Due to these measures, the concentration of nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) decreased in the atmosphere. These substances are important for photochemical production and destruction of ozone in the atmosphere. In clean or mildly polluted air, reducing nitrogen oxides and/or VOCs will reduce the photochemical production of ozone and result in less ozone. In heavily polluted air, in contrast, reducing nitrogen oxides can increase ozone concentrations, because less nitrogen oxide is available to destroy ozone. In this study, we use data from three types of ozone instruments, but mostly from ozonesondes on weather balloons. The sondes fly from the ground up to 30 kilometers altitude. In the first 8 km, we find significantly reduced ozone concentrations in the northern extratropics during spring and summer of 2020, less than in any other year since at least 2000. We suggest that reduced emissions due to the COVID‐19 crisis have lowered photochemical ozone production and have caused the observed ozone reductions in the troposphere.
    Description: Key Points: In spring and summer 2020, stations in the northern extratropics report on average 7% (4 nmol/mol) less tropospheric ozone than normal Such low tropospheric ozone, over several months, and at so many sites, has not been observed in any previous year since at least 2000 Most of the reduction in tropospheric ozone in 2020 is likely due to emissions reductions related to the COVID‐19 pandemic
    Description: NASA | Earth Sciences Division (NASA Earth Science Division) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100014573
    Description: Gouvernement du Canada | Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000038
    Description: Australian Research Council
    Description: Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique ‐ FNRS (FNRS) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002661
    Description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Description: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100006360
    Description: NASA | Earth Sciences Division (NASA Earth Science Division) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100014573
    Keywords: 551.51 ; COVID‐19 ; emissions ; ozone ; troposphere
    Type: article
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: Chemical ozone destruction occurs over both polar regions in local winter–spring. In the Antarctic, essentially complete removal of lower-stratospheric ozone currently results in an ozone hole every year, whereas in the Arctic, ozone loss is highly variable and has until now been much more limited. Here we demonstrate that chemical ozone destruction over the Arctic in early 2011 was—for the first time in the observational record—comparable to that in the Antarctic ozone hole. Unusually long-lasting cold conditions in the Arctic lower stratosphere led to persistent enhancement in ozone-destroying forms of chlorine and to unprecedented ozone loss, which exceeded 80 per cent over 18–20 kilometres altitude. Our results show that Arctic ozone holes are possible even with temperatures much milder than those in the Antarctic. We cannot at present predict when such severe Arctic ozone depletion may be matched or exceeded.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-10-29
    Description: The ozonesonde is a small balloon-borne instrument that is attached to a standard radiosonde to measure profiles of ozone from the surface to 35 km with ∼100-m vertical resolution. Ozonesonde data constitute a mainstay of satellite calibration and are used for climatologies and analysis of trends, especially in the lower stratosphere where satellites are most uncertain. The electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) ozonesonde has been deployed at ∼100 stations worldwide since the 1960s, with changes over time in manufacture and procedures, including details of the cell chemical solution and data processing. As a consequence, there are biases among different stations and discontinuities in profile time series from individual site records. For 22 years the Jülich (Germany) Ozonesonde Intercomparison Experiment (JOSIE) has periodically tested ozonesondes in a simulation chamber designated the World Calibration Centre for Ozonesondes (WCCOS) by WMO. During October–November 2017 a JOSIE campaign evaluated the sondes and procedures used in Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes (SHADOZ), a 14-station sonde network operating in the tropics and subtropics. A distinctive feature of the 2017 JOSIE was that the tests were conducted by operators from eight SHADOZ stations. Experimental protocols for the SHADOZ sonde configurations, which represent most of those in use today, are described, along with preliminary results. SHADOZ stations that follow WMO-recommended protocols record total ozone within 3% of the JOSIE reference instrument. These results and prior JOSIEs demonstrate that regular testing is essential to maintain best practices in ozonesonde operations and to ensure high-quality data for the satellite and ozone assessment communities.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2013-02-10
    Description: Technological developments in municipal lighting are altering the spectral characteristics of artificially lit habitats. Little is yet known of the biological consequences of such changes, although a variety of animal behaviours are dependent on detecting the spectral signature of light reflected from objects. Using previously published wavelengths of peak visual pigment absorbance, we compared how four alternative street lamp technologies affect the visual abilities of 213 species of arachnid, insect, bird, reptile and mammal by producing different wavelength ranges of light to which they are visually sensitive. The proportion of the visually detectable region of the light spectrum emitted by each lamp was compared to provide an indication of how different technologies are likely to facilitate visually guided behaviours such as detecting objects in the environment. Compared to narrow spectrum lamps, broad spectrum technologies enable animals to detect objects that reflect light over more of the spectrum to which they are sensitive and, importantly, create greater disparities in this ability between major taxonomic groups. The introduction of broad spectrum street lamps could therefore alter the balance of species interactions in the artificially lit environment. © 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Print ISSN: 1354-1013
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2486
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2016-01-28
    Description: Nature Genetics 48, 183 (2016). doi:10.1038/ng.3473 Authors: Jessica Okosun, Rachel L Wolfson, Jun Wang, Shamzah Araf, Lucy Wilkins, Brian M Castellano, Leire Escudero-Ibarz, Ahad Fahad Al Seraihi, Julia Richter, Stephan H Bernhart, Alejo Efeyan, Sameena Iqbal, Janet Matthews, Andrew Clear, José Afonso Guerra-Assunção, Csaba Bödör, Hilmar Quentmeier, Christopher Mansbridge, Peter Johnson, Andrew Davies, Jonathan C Strefford, Graham Packham, Sharon Barrans, Andrew Jack, Ming-Qing Du, Maria Calaminici, T Andrew Lister, Rebecca Auer, Silvia Montoto, John G Gribben, Reiner Siebert, Claude Chelala, Roberto Zoncu, David M Sabatini & Jude Fitzgibbon Follicular lymphoma is an incurable B cell malignancy characterized by the t(14;18) translocation and mutations affecting the epigenome. Although frequent gene mutations in key signaling pathways, including JAK-STAT, NOTCH and NF-κB, have also been defined, the spectrum of these mutations typically overlaps with that in the closely related diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Using a combination of discovery exome and extended targeted sequencing, we identified recurrent somatic mutations in RRAGC uniquely enriched in patients with follicular lymphoma (17%). More than half of the mutations preferentially co-occurred with mutations in ATP6V1B2 and ATP6AP1, which encode components of the vacuolar H+-ATP ATPase (V-ATPase) known to be necessary for amino acid−induced activation of mTORC1. The RagC variants increased raptor binding while rendering mTORC1 signaling resistant to amino acid deprivation. The activating nature of the RRAGC mutations, their existence in the dominant clone and their stability during disease progression support their potential as an excellent candidate for therapeutic targeting.
    Print ISSN: 1061-4036
    Electronic ISSN: 1546-1718
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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