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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pressure - Volume - Temperature Behavior of Methyl Alcohol in the Gaseous and Liquid States. (1964)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of chemical & engineering data 9 (1964), S. 530-534 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5134
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/je60023a019
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective foam fractionation of chloride complexes of zinc(II), cadmium(II), mercury(II), and gold(III) (1976)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 48 (1976), S. 975-979 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac60371a036
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Colloidal Particulates on Foam Fractionation (1965)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 207 (1965), S. 476-478 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] CHEMISTS, biologists and engineers have used foam \JL fractionation to remove from aqueous solution soluble organic compounds and also inorganic cations and anions by complex formation with surf ace-active agents1'2. The process utilizes the surface-active properties of soluble organics to provide ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/207476a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Precipitate flotation of chromium (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 17 (1971), S. 419-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A three-stage procexsss of reduction of acid chromate (HCrO4-), with NaHSO3 followed by precipitation of Cr(III) with NaOH followed by flotation with an anionic surfactant, provides 97% removal of chromium from aqueous suspensions containing 48.3 mg./liter Cr (0.929 mM). The required dosage of surfactant (sodium laurylsulfate) is 0.093 mole SLS/mole Cr, compared to a dosage of 1.1 mole cationic surfactant/mole Cr, used to ion float soluble acid chromate. The precipitate flotation process is pH dependent: below pH 6.3, soluble chromium species become appreciable and the flotation results agree with calculated soluble chromium concentrations; above pH 9.7, the charge of the precipitate is reversed, as indicated by surface potential measurements. The optimum pH range for flotation is 7.0 to 8.8. The effect of initial surfactant concentration on the flotation efficiency is established. Small quantities of calcium enhance the flotation of Cr, while higher concentrations, 0.5 mM and greater, decrease flotation efficiency. For suspensions with a doubled chromium concentration (96.6 mg./liter), the optimum pH range for flotation is lowered and narrowed to 6.3 to 6.5, indicating modifications in particle surface characteristics validated by measurements of surface potential and surfactant adsorption. Eighty-seven percent flotation is achieved at a 0.093 mole/mole ratio.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690170233
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Membrane ultrafiltration of a nonionic surfactant and inorganic salts from complex aqueous suspensions: Design for water reuse (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 21 (1975), S. 1057-1065 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Complex aqueous suspensions containing a nonionic surfactant, phosphates, silicate, hypochlorite, oil, and kaolinite particulates are subjected to continuous flow membrane ultrafiltration with noncellulosic membranes. The ultrafiltrate water flux and the rejections by the Millipore PSAL membrane of total organic carbon, surfactant, and total phosphate are related by stepwise, multiple linear regression analysis (logarithmic model) to transmembrane pressure difference, thin channel velocity, membrane resistance, and feed solution concentration. The variables are adjusted to eliminate gel polarization and to minimize concentration polarization.The data are extended, by the development and use of a computer simulation scale-up procedure, to a 1 000 cm3/s (23 000 gal/day) laundry waste treatment and water recovery unit. The procedure considers banks of modules in series, banks in parallel, and a parallel-series-tapered arrangement. Membrane area requirements per unit ultrafiltrate water flux and solute rejections are predicted for water recoveries up to 95% of the inlet flow rate.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210603
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Foam fractionation of colloid-surfactant systems (1965)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 11 (1965), S. 274-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The presence of colloidal particulates has a significant effect upon the foam fractionation of aqueous solutions of surface-active agents. An experimental investigation is presented of the foam fractionation-flotation of the stannic oxide-cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and stannic oxide-alkyl benzene sulfonate (ABS) systems. The average diameter of the stannic oxide particles was 180Å, and particle concentrations were determined by turbidmetry. For stannic oxide-CTAB a froth flotation mechanism controls, and upon foaming feed sols of fixed concentration, fractional residuals of particulates and surfactant are approximately equal. Maximum enrichment ratios are obtained at maximum aeration time, minimum air rate, and maximum foam height. Increasing the feed concentration of particulates increases the collapsed foam volume, while the CTAB concentration in the residual sol first decreases and then becomes virtually constant. For stannic oxide-ABS sols, no particulates are removed preferentially in the foam. A foam fractionation mechanism controls, and compared with ABS solutions the addition of stannic oxide decreases the foam volume and residual ABS concentration, producing a pronounced increase in the enrichment ratio.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690110218
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Precipitate coflotation of orthophosphate and fluoride (1972)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 18 (1972), S. 1024-1029 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Orthophosphate and fluoride are simultaneously precipitated from aqueous solution, 5.26 × 10-3 M. in each, by La (III). The precipitates are cofloated by the anionic surfactant sodium laurylsulfate, with optimum flotation at pH 4.0 and a stoichiometric lanthanum concentration based on LaPO4 and LaF3. Over pH 3.5 to 6.0, better than 95% flotation of the total orthophosphate and precipitated fluoride that-are present can be floated at a molar sodium laurylsulfate to orthophosphate plus fluoride ratio of 0.023. At lower sodium laurylsulfate concentrations, the flotation decreases at pH 3.5 and 6.0 compared to pH 4.0-5.0; at pH 4.0, an increase in the La(III) concentration decreases the flotation.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180522
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Foam separation of complex anions: Silver thiosulfate (1972)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 18 (1972), S. 200-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An experimental study is conducted of the ion flotation of Ag(S2O3)- and Ag(S2O3)23- from an aqueous solution at pH 4.5 with a cationic surfactant. For initial solutions 2.0 × 10-3 to 8.0 × 10-3 M in total silver, optimum silver flotation at foam cesssation is achieved at a molar thiosulfate to silver ratio (Th/Ag) of 0.75 and surfactant to silver ratio (EHDA/Ag) of 0.5, at Th/Ag = 1.0 and EHDA/Ag = 1.1, and at Th/Ag = 2.0 and EHDA/Ag = 2.2. The silver flotation is 99+, 98+, and 92+ % at the three sets of ratios, respectively. At Th/Ag 〉 2.0, highly efficient flotation cannot be achieved due to decreased particle size, and perhaps by competition with free S2O32- for the surfactant.The stoichiometry of the ion flotation product is established from relative silver and surfactant flotation rates. The stoichiometry is independent of foaming time, but is a strong linear function of EHDA/Ag and Th/Ag, in contrast to the stoichiometry of flotation products of other simple and complex anions. Rate data can be fit reasonably by a first-order reversible model. The rate constant is an inverse function of EHDA/Ag, indicating the desirability of pulsed surfactant addition. Results are discussed in terms of the average ligand number of silver, particle size, and surface potential measurements.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180137
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic Studies of Site-Specifically and Randomly Immobilized Alkaline Phosphatase on Functionalized Membranes (1997)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemical Technology AND Biotechnology 68 (1997), S. 294-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2575
    Keywords: immobilized enzymes ; site-specific modification of enzyme ; polymeric membranes ; kinetics ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A comparison of enzyme activities has been made between a site-specifically immobilized and a randomly immobilized bacterial alkaline phosphatase (BAP) on macroporous membranes. An octapeptide tag (FLAG™) was attached at the N-terminus of alkaline phosphatase by recombinant DNA techniques (gene fusion) to yield BAP that is modified in a site-directed fashion (SDBAP). The corresponding antibody (antiFLAG™) was immobilized on an aldehyde-modified polyethersulfone (MPS) membrane via protein A. Immobilization of SDBAP on this membrane result in a membrane-protein A-antiFLAG-SDBAP linkage. This site-specifically immobilized enzyme demonstrated a relative activity (RA), defined as the ratio of immobilized activity (Vmax) to the corresponding homogeneous enzymatic activity, of 85% as compared with the randomly immobilized BAP which had an RA of 0·8%. BAP, when chemically conjugated to the FLAG peptide and immobilized via antiFLAG and protein A on the MPS membrane, showed an RA of only 1·9%, demonstrating the effectiveness of site-directed immobilization. SDBAP was also immobilized on the MPS membrane in the absence of protein A. In this case, the RA dropped to 22%, further explaining the effectiveness of ordered immobilizations as compared with random immobilizations. The ratio of immobilized enzyme activity to the activity in the absence of added phosphate inhibitor for the immobilized BAP was three-fold higher than the corresponding homogeneous ratio, showing a reduction in product inhibition for the immobilized enzyme. © 1997 SCI.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flat-sheet and hollow fiber membrane bioreactors: A study of the kinetics and active site conformational changes of immobilized papain including sorption studies of reaction constituents (1995)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemical Technology AND Biotechnology 64 (1995), S. 157-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2575
    Keywords: immobilized enzymes ; biofunctional membranes ; hollow fibers ; electron paramagnetic resonance ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Papain, a sulfhydryl protease has been immobilized on flat-sheet modified polysulfone membranes and hydroxyethyl cellulose coated polyethersulfone hollow fibers. Amidase activity of the enzyme in solution on the membranes has been assayed. Immobilized papain on the modified polysulfone membrane and the hollow fibers retains 12% and 25% of its activity (with 1 mmol dm-3 substrate) in solution, respectively. Loading experiments revealed decreased activity on the modified polysulfone membrane with increased enzyme loading. Adsorption experiments for the reaction product, p-nitroaniline, have been performed and an attempt has been made to correct for this in activity calculations. Apparent Michaelis-Menten parameters were determined for the modified polysulfone and hollow fibers with both Km and Vmax being lower in the immobilized cases. Electron paramagnetic resonance study of the changes in active site conformation of an enzyme on a hollow fiber membrane are reported for the first time. Experiments using the sulfhydryl-specific (1-oxyl-2,2,5,5-teetrahyl-Δ3-pyrroline-3-methyl)methanethiolsulfonate spin label depicted the presence of two subpopulations of immobilized papain on the hollow fibers, one of them active and one denatured.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.280640208
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