Keywords:
Microbiology.
;
Parasitology.
;
Electronic books.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (387 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9789400773059
Series Statement:
Subcellular Biochemistry Series ; v.74
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=1593312
DDC:
616.9363016
Language:
English
Note:
Intro -- Editorial -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Biology of Human Pathogenic Trypanosomatids: Epidemiology, Lifecycle and Ultrastructure -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Epidemiology, Clinical Manifestations and Chemotherapy -- 2.1 Leishmania and Leishmaniasis -- 2.2 T . cruzi and Chagas Disease -- 2.3 T . brucei and Sleeping Sickness -- 3 Lifecycle -- 3.1 Leishmania spp. -- 3.2 T . cruzi -- 3.3 T . brucei -- 4 Ultrastructure -- 4.1 Plasma Membrane and Cell Surface -- 4.2 Cytoskeleton -- 4.3 Flagellum -- 4.4 Mitochondrion and Kinetoplast -- 4.5 Glycosomes -- 4.6 Acidocalcisomes -- 4.7 Contractile Vacuole -- 4.8 Endocytic Pathway -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2: Selection of Molecular Targets for Drug Development Against Trypanosomatids -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Essential and Desirable Criteria for the Selection of a Trypanosomatid-Specific Drug Target -- 3 Computational Approaches that Aid Drug Target Prioritization -- 4 Examples of Putative or Validated Drug Targets in Parasitic Metabolic and Signaling Pathways -- 4.1 Glycolysis -- 4.2 Purine Salvage Pathway -- 4.3 The Trypanothione System -- 4.4 Sterol Biosynthesis -- 4.5 Pteridine Metabolism -- 4.6 Drug Targets in Signaling and Other Pathways Essential for Parasitic Survival -- 4.6.1 Topoisomerases -- 4.6.2 Proteases -- 4.6.3 Kinases -- 5 Investigating Drug Repurposing Opportunities for Drug Target Identification and for Antiparasitic Drug Discovery -- 6 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 3: A2 and Other Visceralizing Proteins of Leishmania : Role in Pathogenesis and Application for Vaccine Development -- 1 Leishmania Parasites -- 2 Human Leishmaniasis -- 3 Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis and Control of Zoonotic Visceral Leishmaniasis -- 4 Immune Responses in Leishmaniasis -- 5 Genes and Molecules Associated to Visceralization in Leishmaniasis -- 5.1 A2 as a Prototype Species-Specific Gene.
,
5.1.1 L . donovani A2 Genomic Organization -- 5.1.2 Regulation of A2 Expression -- 5.1.3 Role of A2 in Visceral Disease -- 5.2 Other Visceralizing Proteins -- 5.3 Application of Species-Specific Genes for Vaccine Design: A2 as a Vaccine Antigen -- 5.3.1 Other Applications of A2 -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Arginase in Leishmania -- 1 The Arginase Pathway -- 2 Arginase's Role in Host Defense During Leishmania Infection -- 3 Arginase's Role in Leishmania Physiology -- 4 Arginine Trafficking Through Leishmania -Infected Macrophages -- 5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 5: The Heat Shock Proteins of Trypanosoma cruzi -- 1 The Cellular Stress Response -- 2 Environmental Stresses Associated with T . cruzi 's Life Cycle -- 3 Genome Organization and Gene Expression in T . cruzi -- 4 Heat Shock Proteins -- 4.1 Heat Stress in T . cruzi -- 4.1.1 HSP100 Family -- 4.1.2 HSP90 Family -- 4.1.3 HSP70 Family -- 4.1.4 HSP40 Family -- 4.1.5 Chaperonin Family -- 4.1.6 Small HSP Family -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6: The gp82 Surface Molecule of Trypanosoma cruzi Metacyclic Forms -- 1 Introduction -- 2 High Conservation of Gp82 Sequence Among T . cruzi Strains from Divergent Genetic Groups -- 3 The Structural Basis of Cell Binding Property of Gp82 -- 4 Gastric Mucin-Binding Property of Gp82 and MT Migration -- 5 Ca 2+ Signal-Inducing Activity of Gp82 and Target Cell Lysosome Exocytosis -- 6 Inhibitory Effect of Gp82 on Cell Invasion by Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) -- 7 Apoptotic Cell Death-Inducing Activity of Gp82 Toward Melanoma Cells -- 8 Immunogenic Property of Gp82 -- 9 Distinctive Properties of MT Gp82 and TCT Surface Molecule Tc85-11 -- 10 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 7: The Gp85 Surface Glycoproteins from Trypanosoma cruzi -- 1 Introduction: General Considerations on the Variability of the Infection.
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2 Involvement of Gp85 Glycoproteins in T . cruzi Infection -- 2.1 Gp85 Glycoproteins: GPI and Carbohydrate Structure of Tc85 -- 2.2 Gp85/TS Glycoproteins: Multigene Family -- 2.3 Gp85/TS Superfamily: Genomic and Functional Signature Motifs -- 2.3.1 Grouping the Gp85/TS Gene Superfamily: General Structure -- 2.3.2 Gp85 Glycoproteins Family: Tc85 Adhesion to ECM and Ensuing Post-translational Modifications in T. cruzi Proteins -- Tc85 Adhesion to ECM Elements -- Post-translational Modification of T. cruzi Proteins Due to the Adhesion of Trypomastigotes to Laminin and Fibronectin -- 2.3.3 Role of the Conserved FLY Motif -- Identification of FLY as a Cell-Binding Domain -- Mechanism of FLY Potentiation of T. cruzi Infection -- Role of the FLY Motif in T . cruzi Tissue Tropism -- The Host Immune Response to FLY -- 3 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 8: Trypanosoma cruzi Trans -Sialidase: Structural Features and Biological Implications -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Structure and Catalytic Mechanism of TcTS -- 2.1 TcTS Substrate Specificity -- 3 Trypanosoma cruzi Trans -Sialidase Superfamily (TSs) -- 3.1 TcTS and Its Role in Host Parasite Interaction -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9: Surface Topology Evolution of Trypanosoma Trans -Sialidase -- 1 Origin and Evolution of Trypanosoma Trans -Sialidase (TS) -- 2 Surface Diversity of Trypanosoma TS -- 2.1 TS Family -- 2.2 TS-Like Family -- 3 Post-Genomic T . cruzi TS Gene Organization -- 4 Surface Expression Changes and TS Multifunctionality -- 5 Towards Surface Topology Drug Design of T . cruzi TS -- 5.1 Sialic Acid -- 5.2 Galactose -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: Ecto-nucleotidases and Ecto-phosphatases from Leishmania and Trypanosoma Parasites -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Ecto-Nucleotidases -- 2.1 Acquisition of Purine by Trypanosomatids: The Salvage Pathway.
,
2.2 Extracellular Nucleotides: Purinergic Signaling in the Immune System -- 2.2.1 The Discovery of a Purinergic Signaling Pathway -- 2.2.2 Purinergic Receptors -- 2.2.3 Purinergic Signaling and the Immune System -- 2.3 General Properties of Ecto-nucleotidases -- 2.3.1 Ecto-nucleoside Triphosphate Diphosphohydrolases (E-NTPDases) -- 2.3.2 Ecto-5′Nucleotidase (Ecto-5′NT) -- 2.3.3 Ecto-3′Nucleotidase/Nuclease (Ecto-3′NT/NU) -- 2.4 Evidence of Ecto-nucleotidases in Leishmania and Trypanosoma Species -- 2.4.1 Molecular Evidences for Occurrence of E-NTPDase -- 2.4.2 Reports and Biochemical Characterization of E-NTPDase Activities -- 2.4.3 The Contribution of Ecto-nucleotidases in Purine Acquisition -- 2.4.4 Possible Roles of Ecto-nucleotidases in Virulence -- 2.4.5 Ecto-nucleotidases Modulating the Host Immune Response -- 3 Ecto-phosphatases -- 3.1 The Role of Phosphatases and Kinases in Regulation by Phosphorylation -- 3.2 Classification of Phosphatases -- 3.2.1 Substrate Specificity -- 3.2.2 Optimum pH -- 3.2.3 Subcellular Localization -- 3.3 Uptake of Inorganic Phosphate -- 3.4 Evidence of Ecto-phosphatases in Leishmania and Trypanosoma Species -- 3.4.1 Identification and Localization of Membrane-Bound or Secreted Phosphatase Activities -- 3.4.2 Modulators of Ecto-phosphatase Activities: Classical Inhibitors, Divalent Metals and Pi -- 3.4.3 Ecto-phosphatases as Virulence Markers: Possible Roles in Adhesion and Survival of Parasites in Host Cells -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 11: GP63 Function in the Interaction of Trypanosomatids with the Invertebrate Host: Facts and Prospects -- 1 GP63 in Leishmania, Phytomonads and Monoxenic Trypanosomatids -- 2 GP63 in T. cruzi, T. brucei and T. rangeli -- 3 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 12: Highlights on Trypanosomatid Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthesis -- 1 Introduction.
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2 Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases -- 3 Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthesis -- 4 The Diversity of the Aminoacylation System in Trypanosomatids -- 4.1 Direct tRNA Aminoacylation Pathways in Trypanosomatids -- 4.1.1 Aspartyl-tRNA Synthetase -- 4.1.2 Glutaminyl-tRNA Gln and Glutamyl-tRNA Glu Synthesis -- 4.1.3 Histidyl-tRNA Synthetase -- 4.1.4 Isoleucyl-tRNA Synthetase -- 4.1.5 Lysyl-tRNA Synthetase -- 4.1.6 Methionyl-tRNA Synthetase -- 4.1.7 Seryl-tRNA Synthetase -- 4.1.8 Tryptophanyl-tRNA Synthetase -- 4.1.9 Tyrosyl-tRNA Synthetase -- 4.2 tRNA Dependent Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthesis -- 4.2.1 Indirect Routes to Gln-tRNA Gln and Asn-tRNA Asn Formation -- 4.2.2 Formylmethionyl-tRNA Synthesis -- 4.2.3 The Selenocysteinyl-tRNA Formation Pathway -- 5 Trypanosomal Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthesis as a Target for Antibiotics -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 13: The Expected Outcome of the Trypanosoma cruzi Proteomic Map: A Review of Its Potential Biological Applications for Drug Target Discovery -- 1 State of the Art -- 2 T. cruzi Proteomic Map: An Overview -- 2.1 Sylvatic Isolates -- 2.2 Sub-Cellular Fractions -- 2.3 Post-Translational Modifications -- 3 Susceptibility and Drug Resistance -- 4 Molecular Candidates for Drug Interventions and Vaccine Development -- 5 Chagas Disease Chemotherapy: Challenges and Perspectives -- 6 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 14: Proteomics Advances in the Study of Leishmania Parasites and Leishmaniasis -- 1 Proteomics Technologies Applied to the Study of Leishmania Parasites -- 2 Comparative Proteomic Analysis Between Promastigote and Amastigote Stages of Leishmania spp -- 3 The Importance of Post-Translational Modifications (PTMs) for Leishmania Differentiation -- 4 Proteome of Leishmania Cell Fractions -- 5 Secretome -- 6 Proteomics as a Tool for Mapping Drug Resistance in Leishmania.
,
7 Proteomic Analysis of Leishmania Antigens and Vaccine Candidates.
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