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  • 1
    In: Circulation, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 142, No. Suppl_3 ( 2020-11-17)
    Abstract: Background: Smoking is a risk factor for mortality in the general population and in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) is a secreted glycoprotein that can act as lymphangiogenic and angiogenic growth factors. Recently, we demonstrated that circulating VEGF-D levels are associated with the risk of mortality in patients with suspected or known CAD. However, whether VEGF-D levels differ according to smoking status and whether smoking modifies the relationship between VEGF-D and mortality in those patients are unknown. Methods: Using data from a multicenter, prospective cohort of 2418 patients with suspected or known CAD, we assessed the association between smoking status and VEGF-D and the impact of smoking status on the association between VEGF-D levels and the risk of all-cause death. VEGF-D was measured in 955 never smokers, 1035 former smokers, and 428 current smokers enrolled in the ANOX Study. Patients were followed up over 3 years. Results: The mean age (standard deviation [SD]) of the patients was 70.6 (10.4) years; 67.2% were men. Current smokers exhibited significantly higher levels of VEGF-D compared to former smokers and never smokers (median [interquartile range] , 343 [214-556], 312 [201-500] , 291 [182-485] pg/mL, respectively; P =0.006). Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the log-transformed VEGF-D level was independently associated with current smoking ( P =0.002), but not with former smoking. After adjusting for potential clinical confounders, the VEGF-D level was significantly associated with all-cause death in never smokers (hazard ratio per 1-SD increase [HR], 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI] , 1.10-1.55) and in former smokers (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.08-1.37), but not in current smokers (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.65-1.22). Furthermore, VEGF-D provided incremental prognostic information to the model with potential clinical confounders and the established cardiovascular biomarkers in never smokers, but not in former smokers or in current smokers. Conclusions: Current smoking was independently associated with higher levels of VEGF-D. The prognostic value of VEGF-D on mortality was most pronounced in never smokers among patients with suspected or known CAD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0009-7322 , 1524-4539
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466401-X
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  • 2
    In: Circulation, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 142, No. Suppl_3 ( 2020-11-17)
    Abstract: Background: High circulating levels of galectin-3 are associated with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular (CV) mortality, and/or major adverse CV events (MACE) in patients with CV diseases such as heart failure and coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the impact of sex on the prognostic value of galectin-3 in patients with suspected or known CAD remains unclear. Methods: Using data from a multicenter, prospective cohort of 2418 patients with suspected or known CAD, we assessed the impact of sex on the association between galectin-3 levels and the risks of all-cause death, CV death, and MACE defined as a composite of CV death, nonfetal myocardial infarction, and nonfetal stroke. Galectin-3 was measured in 1624 men and 794 women enrolled in the ANOX Study. Patients were followed up over 3 years. Results: The mean ages (standard deviations) were 69.8 (10.6) years in men and 72.2 (9.9) years in women ( P 〈 0.001). Men exhibited significantly lower levels of galectin-3 compared to women (median [interquartile range], 9.0 [6.9-11.9] versus 9.6 [7.3-12.4] ng/mL, respectively; P =0.004). In the entire patient cohort, the galectin-3 level was significantly associated with all-cause death (hazard ratio per 1 standard deviation increase [HR], 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI] , 1.16-1.42), CV death (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.04-1.46), and MACE (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.09-1.41) after adjusting for potential clinical confounders. These associations were still significant in women (HR for all-cause death, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.26-1.98; HR for CV death, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.06-2.21; HR for MACE, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.21-2.09), whereas in men, galectin-3 was significantly associated with all-cause death (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.08-1.39), but not with CV death (HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.93-1.40) or MACE (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.99-1.35). Furthermore, galectin-3 provided incremental prognostic information for all-cause death, but not for CV death or MACE, to the model with potential clinical confounders and the established CV biomarkers in the entire cohort and in women, but not in men. Conclusions: We identified a significantly stronger prognostic value of galectin-3 in women than in men among patients with suspected or known CAD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0009-7322 , 1524-4539
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466401-X
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  • 3
    In: Journal of the American Heart Association, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 9, No. 9 ( 2020-05-05)
    Abstract: VEGF‐D (vascular endothelial growth factor D) and VEGF‐C are secreted glycoproteins that can induce lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis. They exhibit structural homology but have differential receptor binding and regulatory mechanisms. We recently demonstrated that the serum VEGF‐C level is inversely and independently associated with all‐cause mortality in patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease. We investigated whether VEGF‐D had distinct relationships with mortality and cardiovascular events in those patients. Methods and Results We performed a multicenter, prospective cohort study of 2418 patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease undergoing elective coronary angiography. The serum level of VEGF‐D was measured. The primary outcome was all‐cause death. The secondary outcomes were cardiovascular death and major adverse cardiovascular events defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal stroke. During the 3‐year follow‐up, 254 patients died from any cause, 88 died from cardiovascular disease, and 165 developed major adverse cardiovascular events. After adjustment for possible clinical confounders, cardiovascular biomarkers (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide, cardiac troponin‐I, and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein), and VEGF‐C, the VEGF‐D level was significantly associated with all‐cause death and cardiovascular death but not with major adverse cardiovascular events.. Moreover, the addition of VEGF‐D, either alone or in combination with VEGF‐C, to the model with possible clinical confounders and cardiovascular biomarkers significantly improved the prediction of all‐cause death but not that of cardiovascular death or major adverse cardiovascular events. Consistent results were observed within patients over 75 years old. Conclusions In patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease undergoing elective coronary angiography, an elevated VEGF‐D value seems to independently predict all‐cause mortality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2047-9980
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2653953-6
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  • 4
    In: Circulation, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 142, No. Suppl_3 ( 2020-11-17)
    Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is still significantly associated with the risk of mortality in the general population. Higher circulating growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) levels are associated with the risk of mortality in the general population, in patients with DM, and in those with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, whether GDF-15 levels differ according to the diabetic status and whether DM modifies the relationship between GDF-15 and mortality in patients with stable CAD are unclear. Methods: Using data from a multicenter, prospective cohort of 1460 patients with stable CAD, we assessed the association between diabetic status and GDF-15 and the impact of DM on the association between GDF-15 levels and the risk of all-cause death. GDF-15 was measured in 797 DM and 663 non-DM patients enrolled in the ANOX Study. Results: The mean age (standard deviation [SD]) of the patients was 71.7 (9.4) years; 74.4% were men. Patients with DM exhibited significantly higher levels of GDF-15 compared to those without DM (median [interquartile range] , 1472 [1049-2258] vs. 1274 [868-1874] pg/mL, respectively; P 〈 0.001). Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the log-transformed (Ln-) GDF-15 level was independently associated with higher age, DM, current smoking, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, anemia, no use of aspirin, Ln-N-terminal pro-natriuretic peptide, and Ln-high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( P 〈 0.005 for all). In the entire patient cohort, the GDF-15 level was significantly associated with all-cause death after adjusting for potential clinical confounders (hazard ratio per 1-SD increase [HR], 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI] , 1.33-1.71). This association was still significant in patients with DM (HR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.30-1.79) and in those without DM (HR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.25-1.96). However, GDF-15 provided incremental prognostic information to the model with potential clinical confounders and the established cardiovascular biomarkers in the entire cohort and in patients with DM, but not in those without DM. Conclusions: Higher levels of GDF-15 were independently associated with DM in patients with stable CAD. The prognostic value of GDF-15 on mortality was pronounced in patients with DM.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0009-7322 , 1524-4539
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466401-X
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  • 5
    In: Journal of the American Heart Association, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 9, No. 22 ( 2020-11-17)
    Abstract: Whether circulating growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF‐15) levels differ according to smoking status and whether smoking modifies the relationship between GDF‐15 and mortality in patients with coronary artery disease are unclear. Methods and Results Using data from a multicenter, prospective cohort of 2418 patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease, we assessed the association between smoking status and GDF‐15 and the impact of smoking status on the association between GDF‐15 and all‐cause death. GDF‐15 was measured in 955 never smokers, 1035 former smokers, and 428 current smokers enrolled in the ANOX Study (Development of Novel Biomarkers Related to Angiogenesis or Oxidative Stress to Predict Cardiovascular Events). Patients were followed up during 3 years. The age of the patients ranged from 19 to 94 years; 67.2% were men. Never smokers exhibited significantly lower levels of GDF‐15 compared with former smokers and current smokers. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the log‐transformed GDF‐15 level was independently associated with both current smoking and former smoking. In the entire patient cohort, the GDF‐15 level was significantly associated with all‐cause death after adjusting for potential clinical confounders. This association was still significant in never smokers, former smokers, and current smokers. However, GDF‐15 provided incremental prognostic information to the model with potential clinical confounders and the established cardiovascular biomarkers in never smokers, but not in current smokers or in former smokers. Conclusions Not only current, but also former smoking was independently associated with higher levels of GDF‐15. The prognostic value of GDF‐15 on mortality was most pronounced in never smokers among patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2047-9980
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2653953-6
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  • 6
    In: Circulation, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 142, No. Suppl_3 ( 2020-11-17)
    Abstract: Background: Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is a stress responsive cytokine of the transforming growth factor superfamily. Circulating levels of GDF-15 are elevated in various conditions including anemia and stable coronary artery disease (CAD), and associated with the risk of mortality in patients with stable CAD. However, whether anemia modifies the relationship between GDF-15 and mortality in patients with stable CAD is unknown. Methods: Using data from a multicenter, prospective cohort of 1460 patients with stable CAD, we assessed the association between anemic status and GDF-15 and the impact of anemia on the association between GDF-15 levels and the risk of all-cause death. GDF-15 was measured in 564 anemic and 896 non-anemic patients enrolled in the ANOX Study. Results: The mean age (standard deviation [SD]) of the patients was 71.7 (9.4) years; 74.4% were men. Patients with anemia exhibited significantly higher levels of GDF-15 compared to those without anemia (median [interquartile range] , 1953 [1302-3110] vs. 1175 [838-1579] pg/mL, respectively; P 〈 0.001). Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the log-transformed (Ln-) GDF-15 level was independently associated with higher age, diabetes, current smoking, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, anemia, no use of aspirin, Ln-N-terminal pro-natriuretic peptide, and Ln-high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( P 〈 0.005 for all). In the entire patient cohort, the GDF-15 level was significantly associated with all-cause death after adjusting for potential clinical confounders (hazard ratio per 1-SD increase [HR], 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI] , 1.33-1.71). This association was still significant in patients with anemia (HR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.44-2.05) and in those without anemia (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.21-1.71). However, GDF-15 provided incremental prognostic information to the model with potential clinical confounders and the established cardiovascular biomarkers in the entire cohort and in patients with anemia, but not in those without anemia. Conclusions: Higher levels of GDF-15 were independently associated with anemia in patients with stable CAD. The prognostic value of GDF-15 on mortality was pronounced in patients with anemia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0009-7322 , 1524-4539
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466401-X
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  • 7
    In: Journal of Gastroenterology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0944-1174 , 1435-5922
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473159-9
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  • 8
    In: Journal of the American Heart Association, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 7, No. 21 ( 2018-11-06)
    Abstract: The lymphatic system has been suggested to play an important role in cholesterol metabolism and cardiovascular disease. However, the relationships of vascular endothelial growth factor‐C ( VEGF ‐C), a central player in lymphangiogenesis, with mortality and cardiovascular events in patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease are unknown. Methods and Results We performed a multicenter, prospective cohort study of 2418 patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease undergoing elective coronary angiography. The primary predictor was serum levels of VEGF ‐C. The primary outcome was all‐cause death. The secondary outcomes were cardiovascular death, and major adverse cardiovascular events defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, non‐fatal myocardial infarction, and non‐fatal stroke. During the 3‐year follow‐up, 254 patients died from any cause, 88 died from cardiovascular disease, and 165 developed major adverse cardiovascular events. After adjustment for established risk factors, VEGF ‐C levels were significantly and inversely associated with all‐cause death (hazard ratio for 1‐ SD increase, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.60–0.80) and cardiovascular death (hazard ratio, 0.67; 95% confidence interval, 0.53–0.87), but not with major adverse cardiovascular events (hazard ratio, 0.85; 95% confidence interval, 0.72–1.01). Even after incorporation of N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide, contemporary sensitive cardiac troponin‐I, and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein into a model with established risk factors, the addition of VEGF ‐C levels further improved the prediction of all‐cause death, but not that of cardiovascular death or major adverse cardiovascular events. Consistent results were observed within 1717 patients with suspected coronary artery disease. Conclusions In patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease, a low VEGF ‐C value may independently predict all‐cause mortality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2047-9980
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2653953-6
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  • 9
    In: Nature Communications, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2022-08-22)
    Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recently-emerged infectious disease that has caused millions of deaths, where comprehensive understanding of disease mechanisms is still unestablished. In particular, studies of gene expression dynamics and regulation landscape in COVID-19 infected individuals are limited. Here, we report on a thorough analysis of whole blood RNA-seq data from 465 genotyped samples from the Japan COVID-19 Task Force, including 359 severe and 106 non-severe COVID-19 cases. We discover 1169 putative causal expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) including 34 possible colocalizations with biobank fine-mapping results of hematopoietic traits in a Japanese population, 1549 putative causal splice QTLs (sQTLs; e.g. two independent sQTLs at TOR1AIP1 ), as well as biologically interpretable trans-eQTL examples (e.g., REST and STING1 ), all fine-mapped at single variant resolution. We perform differential gene expression analysis to elucidate 198 genes with increased expression in severe COVID-19 cases and enriched for innate immune-related functions. Finally, we evaluate the limited but non-zero effect of COVID-19 phenotype on eQTL discovery, and highlight the presence of COVID-19 severity-interaction eQTLs (ieQTLs; e.g., CLEC4C and MYBL2 ). Our study provides a comprehensive catalog of whole blood regulatory variants in Japanese, as well as a reference for transcriptional landscapes in response to COVID-19 infection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-1723
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2553671-0
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  • 10
    In: BMC Infectious Diseases, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2022-12-12)
    Abstract: We aimed to elucidate differences in the characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requiring hospitalization in Japan, by COVID-19 waves, from conventional strains to the Delta variant. Methods We used secondary data from a database and performed a retrospective cohort study that included 3261 patients aged ≥ 18 years enrolled from 78 hospitals that participated in the Japan COVID-19 Task Force between February 2020 and September 2021. Results Patients hospitalized during the second (mean age, 53.2 years [standard deviation {SD}, ± 18.9]) and fifth (mean age, 50.7 years [SD ± 13.9] ) COVID-19 waves had a lower mean age than those hospitalized during the other COVID-19 waves. Patients hospitalized during the first COVID-19 wave had a longer hospital stay (mean, 30.3 days [SD ± 21.5], p  〈  0.0001), and post-hospitalization complications, such as bacterial infections (21.3%, p  〈  0.0001), were also noticeable. In addition, there was an increase in the use of drugs such as remdesivir/baricitinib/tocilizumab/steroids during the latter COVID-19 waves. In the fifth COVID-19 wave, patients exhibited a greater number of presenting symptoms, and a higher percentage of patients required oxygen therapy at the time of admission. However, the percentage of patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation was the highest in the first COVID-19 wave and the mortality rate was the highest in the third COVID-19 wave. Conclusions We identified differences in clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in each COVID-19 wave up to the fifth COVID-19 wave in Japan. The fifth COVID-19 wave was associated with greater disease severity on admission, the third COVID-19 wave had the highest mortality rate, and the first COVID-19 wave had the highest percentage of patients requiring mechanical ventilation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1471-2334
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2041550-3
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