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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Identification and Characterization of Persistent Cold Pool Events from Temperature and Wind Profilers in the Columbia River Basin
    American Meteorological Society ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology Vol. 58, No. 12 ( 2019-12), p. 2533-2551
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 58, No. 12 ( 2019-12), p. 2533-2551
    Abstract: Cold pool events occur when deep layers of stable, cold air remain trapped in a valley or basin for multiple days, without mixing out from daytime heating. With large impacts on air quality, freezing events, and especially on wind energy production, they are often poorly forecast by modern mesoscale numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. Understanding the characteristics of cold pools is, therefore, important to provide more accurate forecasts. This study analyzes cold pool characteristics with data collected during the Second Wind Forecast Improvement Project (WFIP2), which took place in the Columbia River basin and Gorge of Oregon and Washington from fall 2015 until spring 2017. A subset of the instrumentation included three microwave radiometer profilers, six radar wind profilers with radio acoustic sounding systems, and seven sodars, which together provided seven sites with collocated vertical profiles of temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction. Using these collocated observations, we developed a set of criteria to determine if a cold pool was present based on stability, wind speed, direction, and temporal continuity, and then developed an automated algorithm based on these criteria to identify all cold pool events over the 18 months of the field project. Characteristics of these events are described, including statistics of the wind speed distributions and profiles, stability conditions, cold pool depths, and descent rates of the cold pool top. The goal of this study is a better understanding of these characteristics and their processes to ultimately lead to improved physical parameterizations in NWP models, and consequently improve forecasts of cold pool events in the study region as well at other locations that experiences similar events.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1558-8424 , 1558-8432
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JAMC-D-19-0046.1
    RVK:
    UA 4547
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2227779-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2227759-6
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    ASIRI: An Ocean–Atmosphere Initiative for Bay of Bengal
    American Meteorological Society ; 2016
    In:  Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Vol. 97, No. 10 ( 2016-10-01), p. 1859-1884
    Details
    In: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 97, No. 10 ( 2016-10-01), p. 1859-1884
    Abstract: Air–Sea Interactions in the Northern Indian Ocean (ASIRI) is an international research effort (2013–17) aimed at understanding and quantifying coupled atmosphere–ocean dynamics of the Bay of Bengal (BoB) with relevance to Indian Ocean monsoons. Working collaboratively, more than 20 research institutions are acquiring field observations coupled with operational and high-resolution models to address scientific issues that have stymied the monsoon predictability. ASIRI combines new and mature observational technologies to resolve submesoscale to regional-scale currents and hydrophysical fields. These data reveal BoB’s sharp frontal features, submesoscale variability, low-salinity lenses and filaments, and shallow mixed layers, with relatively weak turbulent mixing. Observed physical features include energetic high-frequency internal waves in the southern BoB, energetic mesoscale and submesoscale features including an intrathermocline eddy in the central BoB, and a high-resolution view of the exchange along the periphery of Sri Lanka, which includes the 100-km-wide East India Coastal Current (EICC) carrying low-salinity water out of the BoB and an adjacent, broad northward flow (∼300 km wide) that carries high-salinity water into BoB during the northeast monsoon. Atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) observations during the decaying phase of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) permit the study of multiscale atmospheric processes associated with non-MJO phenomena and their impacts on the marine boundary layer. Underway analyses that integrate observations and numerical simulations shed light on how air–sea interactions control the ABL and upper-ocean processes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-0007 , 1520-0477
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00197.1
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029396-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 419957-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Couple Communication in Cancer: Protocol for a Multi-Method Examination
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Psychology Vol. 12 ( 2022-2-7)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Psychology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2022-2-7)
    Abstract: Cancer and its treatment pose challenges that affect not only patients but also their significant others, including intimate partners. Accumulating evidence suggests that couples’ ability to communicate effectively plays a major role in the psychological adjustment of both individuals and the quality of their relationship. Two key conceptual models have been proposed to account for how couple communication impacts psychological and relationship adjustment: the social-cognitive processing (SCP) model and the relationship intimacy (RI) model. These models posit different mechanisms and outcomes, and thus have different implications for intervention. The purpose of this project is to test and compare the utility of these models using comprehensive and methodologically rigorous methods. Aims are: (1) to examine the overall fit of the SCP and RI models in explaining patient and partner psychological and relationship adjustment as they occur on a day-to-day basis and over the course of 1 year; (2) to examine the fit of the models for different subgroups (males vs. females, and patients vs. partners); and (3) to examine the utility of various methods of assessing communication by examining the degree to which baseline indices from different measurement strategies predict self-reported adjustment at 1-year follow up. The study employs a longitudinal, multi-method approach to examining communication processes including: standard self-report questionnaires assessing process and outcome variables collected quarterly over the course of 1 year; smartphone-based ecological momentary assessments to sample participant reports in real time; and laboratory-based couple conversations from which we derive observational measures of communicative behavior and affective expression, as well as vocal indices of emotional arousal. Participants are patients with stage II-IV breast, colon, rectal, or lung cancer and their spouses/partners, recruited from two NCI-designated comprehensive cancer centers. Results will be published in scientific journals, presented at scientific conferences, and conveyed to a larger audience through infographics and social media outlets. Findings will inform theory, measurement, and the design and implementation of efficacious interventions aimed at optimizing both patient and partner well-being.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-1078
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.769407
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2563826-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CASPER: Coupled Air–Sea Processes and Electromagnetic Ducting Research
    American Meteorological Society ; 2018
    In:  Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Vol. 99, No. 7 ( 2018-07), p. 1449-1471
    Details
    In: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 99, No. 7 ( 2018-07), p. 1449-1471
    Abstract: The Coupled Air–Sea Processes and Electromagnetic Ducting Research (CASPER) project aims to better quantify atmospheric effects on the propagation of radar and communication signals in the marine environment. Such effects are associated with vertical gradients of temperature and water vapor in the marine atmospheric surface layer (MASL) and in the capping inversion of the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL), as well as the horizontal variations of these vertical gradients. CASPER field measurements emphasized simultaneous characterization of electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation, the propagation environment, and the physical processes that gave rise to the measured refractivity conditions. CASPER modeling efforts utilized state-of-the-art large-eddy simulations (LESs) with a dynamically coupled MASL and phase-resolved ocean surface waves. CASPER-East was the first of two planned field campaigns, conducted in October and November 2015 offshore of Duck, North Carolina. This article highlights the scientific motivations and objectives of CASPER and provides an overview of the CASPER-East field campaign. The CASPER-East sampling strategy enabled us to obtain EM wave propagation loss as well as concurrent environmental refractive conditions along the propagation path. This article highlights the initial results from this sampling strategy showing the range-dependent propagation loss, the atmospheric and upper-oceanic variability along the propagation range, and the MASL thermodynamic profiles measured during CASPER-East.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-0007 , 1520-0477
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0046.1
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029396-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 419957-1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Structure of Turbulence in Katabatic Flows Below and Above the Wind-Speed Maximum
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2016
    In:  Boundary-Layer Meteorology Vol. 159, No. 3 ( 2016-6), p. 469-494
    Details
    In: Boundary-Layer Meteorology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 159, No. 3 ( 2016-6), p. 469-494
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0006-8314 , 1573-1472
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10546-015-0034-8
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 242879-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1477639-X
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stratified Flow Past a Hill: Dividing Streamline Concept Revisited
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2016
    In:  Boundary-Layer Meteorology Vol. 159, No. 3 ( 2016-6), p. 611-634
    Details
    In: Boundary-Layer Meteorology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 159, No. 3 ( 2016-6), p. 611-634
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0006-8314 , 1573-1472
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10546-015-0101-1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 242879-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1477639-X
    SSG: 16,13
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    Online Resource
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Hybrid Bulk Algorithm to Predict Turbulent Fluxes over Dry and Wet Bare Soils
    American Meteorological Society ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology Vol. 61, No. 4 ( 2022-04), p. 393-414
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 61, No. 4 ( 2022-04), p. 393-414
    Abstract: Measurements made in the Columbia River basin (Oregon) in an area of irregular terrain during the second Wind Forecast Improvement Project (WFIP2) field campaign are used to develop an optimized hybrid bulk algorithm to predict the surface turbulent fluxes from readily measured or modeled quantities over dry and wet bare or lightly vegetated soil surfaces. The hybrid (synthetic) algorithm combines (i) an aerodynamic method for turbulent flow, which is based on the transfer coefficients (drag coefficient and Stanton number), roughness lengths, and Monin–Obukhov similarity; and (ii) a modified Priestley–Taylor (P-T) algorithm with physically based ecophysiological constraints, which is essentially based on the surface energy budget (SEB) equation. Soil heat flux in the latter case was estimated from measurements of soil temperature and soil moisture. In the framework of the hybrid algorithm, bulk estimates of the momentum flux and the sensible heat flux are derived from a traditional aerodynamic approach, whereas the latent heat flux (or moisture flux) is evaluated from a modified P-T model. Direct measurements of the surface fluxes (turbulent and radiative) and other ancillary atmospheric/soil parameters made during WFIP2 for different soil conditions (dry and wet) are used to optimize and tune the hybrid bulk algorithm. The bulk flux estimates are validated against the measured eddy-covariance fluxes. We also discuss the SEB closure over dry and wet surfaces at various time scales based on the modeled and measured fluxes. Although this bulk flux algorithm is optimized for the data collected during the WFIP2, a hybrid approach can be used for similar flux-tower sites and field campaigns.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1558-8424 , 1558-8432
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JAMC-D-20-0232.1
    RVK:
    UA 4547
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2227779-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2227759-6
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evaluating a couple communication skills training (CCST) intervention for advanced cancer: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Trials Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2022-08-26)
    Details
    In: Trials, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2022-08-26)
    Abstract: For patients and their intimate partners, advanced cancer poses significant challenges that can negatively impact both individuals and their relationship. Prior studies have found evidence that couple-based communication skills interventions can to be beneficial for patients and partners. However, these studies have been limited by reliance on in-person treatment delivery and have not targeted couples at high risk for poor outcomes. This study tests the efficacy of a Couples Communication Skills Training (CCST) intervention delivered via videoconference for couples reporting high levels of holding back from discussing cancer-related concerns, a variable associated with poorer psychological and relationship functioning. Methods This RCT is designed to evaluate the efficacy of CCST in improving patient and partner relationship functioning (primary outcome). Secondary outcomes include patient and partner psychological functioning and patient symptoms and health care use. We also examine the role of objective and self-reported communication behaviors as mediators of treatment effects. Two hundred thirty patients with advanced lung, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and breast cancer and their partners will be randomized to CCST or an education control intervention. Participants in both conditions complete self-reported outcome measures at baseline, mid-treatment, post-treatment, and 3 months post-treatment. Objective measures of communication are derived from video-recorded couple conversations collected at baseline and post-treatment. An implementation-related process evaluation (assessing implementation outcomes and potential barriers to/facilitators of implementation) will be conducted to inform future efforts to implement CCST in real-world settings. Discussion This trial can yield important new knowledge about effective ways to improve patient and partner adjustment to advanced cancer. Trial registration This study trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (Trial # NCT04590885); registration date: October 19, 2020.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1745-6215
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06656-4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2040523-6
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chicago’s Heat Island and Climate Change: Bridging the Scales via Dynamical Downscaling
    American Meteorological Society ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology Vol. 54, No. 7 ( 2015-07), p. 1430-1448
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 54, No. 7 ( 2015-07), p. 1430-1448
    Abstract: The interaction of global climate change and urban heat islands (UHI) is expected to have far-reaching impacts on the sustainability of the world’s rapidly growing urban population centers. Given that a wide range of spatiotemporal scales contributed by meteorological forcing and complex surface heterogeneity complicates UHI, a multimodel nested approach is used in this paper to study climate-change impacts on the Chicago, Illinois, UHI, covering a range of relevant scales. One-way dynamical downscaling is used with a model chain consisting of global climate (Community Atmosphere Model), regional climate (Weather Research and Forecasting Model), and microscale (“ENVI-met”) models. Nested mesoscale and microscale models are evaluated against the present-day observations (including a dedicated urban miniature field study), and the results favorably demonstrate the fidelity of the downscaling techniques that were used. A simple building-energy model is developed and used in conjunction with microscale-model output to calculate future energy demands for a building, and a substantial increase (as much as 26% during daytime) is noted for future (~2080) climate. Although winds and lake-breeze circulation for future climate are favorable for reducing energy usage by 7%, the benefits are outweighed by such factors as exacerbated UHI and air temperature. An adverse change in human-comfort indicators is also noted in the future climate, with 92% of the population experiencing thermal discomfort. The model chain that was used has general applicability for evaluating climate-change impacts on city centers and, hence, for urban-sustainability studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1558-8424 , 1558-8432
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JAMC-D-14-0241.1
    RVK:
    UA 4547
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2227779-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2227759-6
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Air–Sea/Land Interaction in the Coastal Zone
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2018
    In:  Boundary-Layer Meteorology Vol. 167, No. 2 ( 2018-5), p. 181-210
    Details
    In: Boundary-Layer Meteorology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 167, No. 2 ( 2018-5), p. 181-210
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0006-8314 , 1573-1472
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10546-017-0326-2
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 242879-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1477639-X
    SSG: 16,13
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