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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mycoprotein ingestion stimulates protein synthesis rates to a greater extent than milk protein in rested and exercised skeletal muscle of healthy young men: a randomized controlled trial
    Elsevier BV ; 2020
    In:  The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Vol. 112, No. 2 ( 2020-08), p. 318-333
    Details
    In: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Elsevier BV, Vol. 112, No. 2 ( 2020-08), p. 318-333
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0002-9165
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa092
    RVK:
    XA 18600
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 2
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    Daily protein-polyphenol ingestion increases daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates and promotes early muscle functional gains during resistance training
    American Physiological Society ; 2022
    In:  American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism Vol. 322, No. 3 ( 2022-03-01), p. E231-E249
    Details
    In: American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, American Physiological Society, Vol. 322, No. 3 ( 2022-03-01), p. E231-E249
    Abstract: Factors underpinning the time-course of resistance-type exercise training (RET) adaptations are not fully understood. This study hypothesized that consuming a twice-daily protein-polyphenol beverage (PPB; n = 15; age, 24 ± 1 yr; BMI, 22.3 ± 0.7 kg·m −2 ) previously shown to accelerate recovery from muscle damage and increase daily myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS) rates would accelerate early (10 sessions) improvements in muscle function and potentiate quadriceps volume and muscle fiber cross-sectional area (fCSA) following 30 unilateral RET sessions in healthy, recreationally active, adults. Versus isocaloric placebo (PLA; n = 14; age, 25 ± 2 yr; BMI, 23.9 ± 1.0 kg·m −2 ), PPB increased 48 h MyoPS rates after the first RET session measured using deuterated water (2.01 ± 0.15 vs. 1.51 ± 0.16%·day −1 , respectively; P 〈 0.05). In addition, PPB increased isokinetic muscle function over 10 sessions of training relative to the untrained control leg (%U) from 99.9 ± 1.8 pretraining to 107.2 ± 2.4%U at session 10 (vs. 102.6 ± 3.9 to 100.8 ± 2.4%U at session 10 in PLA; interaction P 〈 0.05). Pre to posttraining, PPB increased type II fCSA (PLA: 120.8 ± 8.2 to 109.5 ± 8.6%U; PPB: 92.8 ± 6.2 to 108.4 ± 9.7%U; interaction P 〈 0.05), but the gain in quadriceps muscle volume was similar between groups. Similarly, PPB did not further increase peak isometric torque, muscle function, or MyoPS measured posttraining. This suggests that although PPB increases MyoPS and early adaptation, it may not influence longer term adaptations to unilateral RET. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Using a unilateral model of resistance training, we show for the first time that a protein-polyphenol beverage increases initial rates of myofibrillar protein synthesis and promotes early functional improvements. Following a prolonged period of training, this strategy also increases type II fiber hypertrophy and causes large individual variation in gains in quadricep muscle cross-sectional area.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0193-1849 , 1522-1555
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00328.2021
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Physiological Society
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1477331-4
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  • 3
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    Improved recovery from skeletal muscle damage is largely unexplained by myofibrillar protein synthesis or inflammatory and regenerative gene expression pathways
    American Physiological Society ; 2021
    In:  American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism Vol. 320, No. 2 ( 2021-02-01), p. E291-E305
    Details
    In: American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, American Physiological Society, Vol. 320, No. 2 ( 2021-02-01), p. E291-E305
    Abstract: The contribution of myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS) to recovery from skeletal muscle damage in humans is unknown. Recreationally active men and women consumed a daily protein-polyphenol beverage targeted at increasing amino acid availability and reducing inflammation (PPB; n = 9), both known to affect MyoPS, or an isocaloric placebo (PLA; n = 9) during 168 h of recovery from 300 maximal unilateral eccentric contractions (EE). Muscle function was assessed daily. Muscle biopsies were collected for 24, 27, 36, 72, and 168 h for MyoPS measurements using 2 H 2 O and expression of 224 genes using RT-qPCR and pathway analysis. PPB improved recovery of muscle function, which was impaired for 5 days after EE in PLA (interaction P 〈 0.05). Acute postprandial MyoPS rates were unaffected by nutritional intervention (24–27 h). EE increased overnight (27–36 h) MyoPS versus the control leg (PLA: 33 ± 19%; PPB: 79 ± 25%; leg P 〈 0.01), and PPB tended to increase this further (interaction P = 0.06). Daily MyoPS rates were greater with PPB between 72 and 168 h after EE, albeit after function had recovered. Inflammatory and regenerative signaling pathways were dramatically upregulated and clustered after EE but were unaffected by nutritional intervention. These results suggest that accelerated recovery from EE is not explained by elevated MyoPS or suppression of inflammation. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The present study investigated the contribution of myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS) and associated gene signaling to recovery from 300 muscle-damaging, eccentric contractions. Measured with 2 H 2 O, MyoPS rates were elevated during recovery and observed alongside expression of inflammatory and regenerative signaling pathways. A nutritional intervention accelerated recovery; however, MyoPS and gene signaling were unchanged compared with placebo. These data indicate that MyoPS and associated signaling do not explain accelerated recovery from muscle damage.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0193-1849 , 1522-1555
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00454.2020
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Physiological Society
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1477331-4
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  • 4
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    Mycoprotein ingestion within or without its wholefood matrix results in equivalent stimulation of myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in resting and exercised muscle of young men
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2023
    In:  British Journal of Nutrition Vol. 130, No. 1 ( 2023-07-14), p. 20-32
    Details
    In: British Journal of Nutrition, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 130, No. 1 ( 2023-07-14), p. 20-32
    Abstract: Ingestion of mycoprotein stimulates skeletal muscle protein synthesis (MPS) rates to a greater extent than concentrated milk protein when matched for leucine content, potentially attributable to the wholefood nature of mycoprotein. We hypothesised that bolus ingestion of mycoprotein as part of its wholefood matrix would stimulate MPS rates to a greater extent compared with a leucine-matched bolus of protein concentrated from mycoprotein. Twenty-four healthy young (age, 21 ± 2 years; BMI, 24 ± 3 kg.m 2 ) males received primed, continuous infusions of L-[ ring - 2 H 5 ]phenylalanine and completed a bout of unilateral resistance leg exercise before ingesting either 70 g mycoprotein (MYC; 31·4 g protein, 2·5 g leucine; n 12) or 38·2 g of a protein concentrate obtained from mycoprotein (PCM; 28·0 g protein, 2·5 g leucine; n 12). Blood and muscle samples ( vastus lateralis ) were taken pre- and (4 h) post-exercise/protein ingestion to assess postabsorptive and postprandial myofibrillar protein fractional synthetic rates (FSR) in resting and exercised muscle. Protein ingestion increased plasma essential amino acid and leucine concentrations ( P 〈 0·0001), but more rapidly (both 60 v . 90 min; P 〈 0·0001) and to greater magnitudes (1367 v . 1346 μmol·l –1 and 298 v . 283 μmol·l –1 , respectively; P 〈 0·0001) in PCM compared with MYC. Protein ingestion increased myofibrillar FSR ( P 〈 0·0001) in both rested (MYC, Δ0·031 ± 0·007 %·h –1 and PCM, Δ0·020 ± 0·008 %·h –1 ) and exercised (MYC, Δ0·057 ± 0·011 %·h –1 and PCM, Δ0·058 ± 0·012 %·h –1 ) muscle, with no differences between conditions ( P 〉 0·05). Mycoprotein ingestion results in equivalent postprandial stimulation of resting and post-exercise myofibrillar protein synthesis rates irrespective of whether it is consumed within or without its wholefood matrix.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-1145 , 1475-2662
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0007114522003087
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016047-1
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    SSG: 21
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  • 5
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    Vegan and Omnivorous High Protein Diets Support Comparable Daily Myofibrillar Protein Synthesis Rates and Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy in Young Adults
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  The Journal of Nutrition Vol. 153, No. 6 ( 2023-06), p. 1680-1695
    Details
    In: The Journal of Nutrition, Elsevier BV, Vol. 153, No. 6 ( 2023-06), p. 1680-1695
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-3166
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.02.023
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469429-3
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  • 6
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    Reducing NF-κB Signaling Nutritionally is Associated with Expedited Recovery of Skeletal Muscle Function After Damage
    The Endocrine Society ; 2021
    In:  The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol. 106, No. 7 ( 2021-06-16), p. 2057-2076
    Details
    In: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, The Endocrine Society, Vol. 106, No. 7 ( 2021-06-16), p. 2057-2076
    Abstract: The early events regulating the remodeling program following skeletal muscle damage are poorly understood. Objective The objective of this study was to determine the association between myofibrillar protein synthesis (myoPS) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling by nutritionally accelerating the recovery of muscle function following damage. Design, Setting, Participants, and Interventions Healthy males and females consumed daily postexercise and prebed protein-polyphenol (PP; n = 9; 4 females) or isocaloric maltodextrin placebo (PLA; n = 9; 3 females) drinks (parallel design) 6 days before and 3 days after 300 unilateral eccentric contractions of the quadriceps during complete dietary control. Main Outcome Measures Muscle function was assessed daily, and skeletal muscle biopsies were taken after 24, 27, and 36 hours for measurements of myoPS rates using deuterated water, and gene ontology and NF-κB signaling analysis using a quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) gene array. Results Eccentric contractions impaired muscle function for 48 hours in PLA intervention, but just for 24 hours in PP intervention (P = 0.047). Eccentric quadricep contractions increased myoPS compared with the control leg during postexercise (24–27 hours; 0.14 ± 0.01 vs 0.11 ± 0.01%·h-1, respectively; P = 0.075) and overnight periods (27–36 hours; 0.10 ± 0.01 vs 0.07 ± 0.01%·h-1, respectively; P = 0.020), but was not further increased by PP drinks (P & gt; 0.05). Protein-polyphenol drinks decreased postexercise and overnight muscle IL1R1 (PLA = 2.8 ± 0.4, PP = 1.1 ± 0.4 and PLA = 1.9 ± 0.4, PP = 0.3 ± 0.4 log2 fold-change, respectively) and IL1RL1 (PLA = 4.9 ± 0.7, PP = 1.6 ± 0.8 and PLA = 3.7 ± 0.6, PP = 0.7 ± 0.7 log2 fold-change, respectively) messenger RNA expression (P & lt; 0.05) and downstream NF-κB signaling compared with PLA. Conclusion Protein-polyphenol drink ingestion likely accelerates recovery of muscle function by attenuating inflammatory NF-κB transcriptional signaling, possibly to reduce aberrant tissue degradation rather than increase myoPS rates.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-972X , 1945-7197
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab106
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Endocrine Society
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026217-6
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  • 7
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    Muscle damaging eccentric exercise attenuates disuse-induced declines in daily myofibrillar protein synthesis and transiently prevents muscle atrophy in healthy men
    American Physiological Society ; 2021
    In:  American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism Vol. 321, No. 5 ( 2021-11-01), p. E674-E688
    Details
    In: American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, American Physiological Society, Vol. 321, No. 5 ( 2021-11-01), p. E674-E688
    Abstract: Short-term disuse leads to muscle loss driven by lowered daily myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS). However, disuse commonly results from muscle damage, and its influence on muscle deconditioning during disuse is unknown. Twenty-one males [20 ± 1 yr, BMI = 24 ± 1 kg·m −2 (± SE)] underwent 7 days of unilateral leg immobilization immediately preceded by 300 bilateral, maximal, muscle-damaging eccentric quadriceps contractions (DAM; subjects n = 10) or no exercise (CON; subjects n = 11). Participants ingested deuterated water and underwent temporal bilateral thigh MRI scans and vastus lateralis muscle biopsies of immobilized (IMM) and nonimmobilized (N-IMM) legs. N-IMM quadriceps muscle volume remained unchanged throughout both groups. IMM quadriceps muscle volume declined after 2 days by 1.7 ± 0.5% in CON ( P = 0.031; and by 1.3 ± 0.6% when corrected to N-IMM; P = 0.06) but did not change in DAM, and declined equivalently in CON [by 6.4 ± 1.1% (5.0 ± 1.6% when corrected to N-IMM)] and DAM [by 2.6 ± 1.8% (4.0 ± 1.9% when corrected to N-IMM)] after 7 days. Immobilization began to decrease MyoPS compared with N-IMM in both groups after 2 days ( P = 0.109), albeit with higher MyoPS rates in DAM compared with CON ( P = 0.035). Frank suppression of MyoPS was observed between days 2 and 7 in CON (IMM = 1.04 ± 0.12, N-IMM = 1.86 ± 0.10%·day −1 ; P = 0.002) but not DAM (IMM = 1.49 ± 0.29, N-IMM = 1.90 ± 0.30%·day −1 ; P 〉 0.05). Declines in MyoPS and quadriceps volume after 7 days correlated positively in CON ( r 2  = 0.403; P = 0.035) but negatively in DAM ( r 2  = 0.483; P = 0.037). Quadriceps strength declined following immobilization in both groups, but to a greater extent in DAM. Prior muscle-damaging eccentric exercise increases MyoPS and prevents loss of quadriceps muscle volume after 2 (but not 7) days of disuse. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We investigated the impact of prior muscle-damaging eccentric exercise on disuse-induced muscle deconditioning. Two and 7 days of muscle disuse per se lowered quadriceps muscle volume in association with lowered daily myofibrillar protein synthesis (MyoPS). Prior eccentric exercise prevented the decline in muscle volume after 2 days and attenuated the decline in MyoPS after 2 and 7 days. These data indicate eccentric exercise increases MyoPS and transiently prevents quadriceps muscle atrophy during muscle disuse.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0193-1849 , 1522-1555
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00294.2021
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Physiological Society
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1477331-4
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  • 8
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    Hypermetabolism and hypercatabolism of skeletal muscle accompany mitochondrial stress following severe burn trauma
    American Physiological Society ; 2016
    In:  American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism Vol. 311, No. 2 ( 2016-08-01), p. E436-E448
    Details
    In: American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, American Physiological Society, Vol. 311, No. 2 ( 2016-08-01), p. E436-E448
    Abstract: Burn trauma results in prolonged hypermetabolism and skeletal muscle wasting. How hypermetabolism contributes to muscle wasting in burn patients remains unknown. We hypothesized that oxidative stress, cytosolic protein degradation, and mitochondrial stress as a result of hypermetabolism contribute to muscle cachexia postburn. Patients ( n = 14) with burns covering 〉 30% of their total body surface area were studied. Controls ( n = 13) were young healthy adults. We found that burn patients were profoundly hypermetabolic at both the skeletal muscle and systemic levels, indicating increased oxygen consumption by mitochondria. In skeletal muscle of burn patients, concurrent activation of mTORC1 signaling and elevation in the fractional synthetic rate paralleled increased levels of proteasomes and elevated fractional breakdown rate. Burn patients had greater levels of oxidative stress markers as well as higher expression of mtUPR-related genes and proteins, suggesting that burns increased mitochondrial stress and protein damage. Indeed, upregulation of cytoprotective genes suggests hypermetabolism-induced oxidative stress postburn. In parallel to mtUPR activation postburn, mitochondrial-specific proteases (LONP1 and CLPP) and mitochondrial translocases (TIM23, TIM17B, and TOM40) were upregulated, suggesting increased mitochondrial protein degradation and transport of preprotein, respectively. Our data demonstrate that proteolysis occurs in both the cytosolic and mitochondrial compartments of skeletal muscle in severely burned patients. Increased mitochondrial protein turnover may be associated with increased protein damage due to hypermetabolism-induced oxidative stress and activation of mtUPR. Our results suggest a novel role for the mitochondria in burn-induced cachexia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0193-1849 , 1522-1555
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00535.2015
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Physiological Society
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1477331-4
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  • 9
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    Short‐term disuse does not affect postabsorptive or postprandial muscle protein fractional breakdown rates
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle
    Details
    In: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, Wiley
    Abstract: The decline in postabsorptive and postprandial muscle protein fractional synthesis rates (FSR) does not quantitatively account for muscle atrophy during uncomplicated, short‐term disuse, when atrophy rates are the highest. We sought to determine whether 2 days of unilateral knee immobilization affects mixed muscle protein fractional breakdown rates (FBR) during postabsorptive and simulated postprandial conditions. Methods Twenty‐three healthy, male participants (age: 22 ± 1 year; height: 179 ± 1 cm; body mass: 73.4 ± 1.5 kg; body mass index 22.8 ± 0.5 kg·m −2 ) took part in this randomized, controlled study. After 48 h of unilateral knee immobilization, primed continuous intravenous l ‐[ 15 N]‐phenylalanine and l ‐[ ring ‐ 2 H 5 ]‐phenylalanine infusions were used for parallel determinations of FBR and FSR, respectively, in a postabsorptive (saline infusion; FAST) or simulated postprandial state (67.5 mg·kg body mass −1 ·h −1 amino acid infusion; FED). Bilateral m. vastus lateralis biopsies from the control (CON) and immobilized (IMM) legs, and arterialized‐venous blood samples, were collected throughout. Results Amino acid infusion rapidly increased plasma phenylalanine (59 ± 9%), leucine (76 ± 5%), isoleucine (109 ± 7%) and valine (42 ± 4%) concentrations in FED only (all P   〈  0.001), which was sustained for the remainder of infusion. Serum insulin concentrations peaked at 21.8 ± 2.2 mU·L −1 at 15 min in FED only ( P   〈  0.001) and were 60% greater in FED than FAST ( P   〈  0.01). Immobilization did not influence FBR in either FAST (CON: 0.150 ± 0.018; IMM: 0.143 ± 0.017%·h −1 ) or FED (CON: 0.134 ± 0.012; IMM: 0.160 ± 0.018%·h −1 ; all effects P   〉  0.05). However, immobilization decreased FSR ( P   〈  0.05) in both FAST (0.071 ± 0.004 vs. 0.086 ± 0.007%·h −1 ; IMM vs CON, respectively) and FED (0.066 ± 0.016 vs. 0.119 ± 0.016%·h −1 ; IMM vs CON, respectively). Consequently, immobilization decreased net muscle protein balance ( P   〈  0.05) and to a greater extent in FED (CON: −0.012 ± 0.025; IMM: −0.095 ± 0.023%·h −1 ; P   〈  0.05) than FAST (CON: −0.064 ± 0.020; IMM: −0.072 ± 0.017%·h −1 ). Conclusions We conclude that merely 2 days of leg immobilization does not modulate postabsorptive and simulated postprandial muscle protein breakdown rates. Instead, under these conditions the muscle negative muscle protein balance associated with brief periods of experimental disuse is driven near exclusively by reduced basal muscle protein synthesis rates and anabolic resistance to amino acid administration.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2190-5991 , 2190-6009
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13284
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 10
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    Simultaneous quantitative determination of bupropion and its three major metabolites in human umbilical cord plasma and placental tissue using high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
    Elsevier BV ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis Vol. 70 ( 2012-11), p. 320-329
    Details
    In: Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, Elsevier BV, Vol. 70 ( 2012-11), p. 320-329
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0731-7085
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.05.008
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491820-1
    SSG: 15,3
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