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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nature and growth rate of the Northern Izu–Bonin (Ogasawara) arc crust and their implications for continental crust formation (1998)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Pty
    The @island arc 7 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: The bulk composition of the continental crust throughout geological history is thought by most previous workers to be andesitic. This assumption of an andesitic bulk composition led to an early hypothesis by Taylor (1967) that the continental crust was created by arc magmatism. This hypothesis for the origin of continental crust was challenged by several authors because: (i) the mean rate of arc crust addition obtained by Reymer and Schubert (1984) is too small to account for some certain phases of rapid crustal growth; and (ii) the bulk composition of ocean island arcs, the main contributor to the Archean and early Proterozoic crust, is basaltic rather than andesitic (Arculus 1981; Pearce et al. 1992). New data from the Northern Izu–Bonin arc are presented here which support the Taylor (1967) hypothesis for the origin of the continental crust by andesitic arc magma. A geological interpretation of P wave crustal structure obtained from the Northern Izu–Bonin arc by Suyehiro et al. (1996) indicates that the arc crust has four distinctive lithologic layers: from top to bottom: (i) a 0.5–2-km-thick layer of basic to intermediate volcaniclastic, lava and hemipelagite (layer A); (ii) a 2–5-km-thick basic to intermediate volcaniclastics, lavas and intrusive layer (layer B); (iii) a 2–7-km-thick layer of felsic (tonalitic) rocks (layer C); and (iv) a 4–7-km-thick layer of mafic igneous rocks (layer D). The chemical composition of the upper and middle part of the northern Izu–Bonin arc is estimated to be similar to the average continental crust by Taylor and McLennan (1985). The rate of igneous addition of the Northern Izu–Bonin arc since its initial 45-Ma magmatism was calculated as 80 km3/km per million years. This rate of addition is considered to be a reasonable estimate for all arcs in the western Pacific. Using this rate, the global rate of crustal growth is estimated to be 2.96 km3/year which exceeds the average rate of crustal growth since the formation of the Earth (1.76 km3/year). Based on this estimate of continental growth and the previously documented sediment subduction and tectonic erosion rate (1.8 km3/year, von Heune & Scholl 1991), several examples of growth curves of the continental crust are presented here. These growth curves suggest that at least 50% of the present volume of the continental crust can be explained by arc magmatism. This conclusion indicates that arc magmatism is the most important contributor to the formation of continental crust, especially at the upper crustal level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1738.1998.00198.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @island arc 5 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1738.1996.tb00014.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Editorial (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @island arc 4 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1738.1995.tb00139.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of an accretionary complex along the north arm of the Island of Sulawesi, Indonesia (2004)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    The @island arc 13 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Seismic reflections across the accretionary prism of the North Sulawesi provide excellent images of the various structural domains landward of the frontal thrust. The structural domain in the accretionary prism area of the North Sulawesi Trench can be divided into four zones: (i) trench area; (ii) Zone A; (iii) Zone B; and (iv) Zone C. Zone A is an active imbrication zone where a decollement is well imaged. Zone B is dominated by out-of-sequence thrusts and small slope basins. Zone C is structurally high in the forearc basin, overlain by a thick sedimentary sequence. The subducted and accreted sedimentary packages are separated by the decollement. Topography of the oceanic basement is rough, both in the basin and beneath the wedge. The accretionary prism along the North Sulawesi Trench grew because of the collision between eastern Sulawesi and the Bangai–Sula microcontinent along the Sorong Fault in the middle Miocene. This collision produced a large rotation of the north arm of Sulawesi Island. Rotation and northward movement of the north arm of Sulawesi may have resulted in southward subduction and development of the accretionary wedge along North Sulawesi. Lateral variations are wider in the western areas relative to the eastern areas. This is due to greater convergence rates in the western area: 5 km/My for the west and 1.5 km/My for the east. An accretionary prism model indicates that the initiation of growth of the accretionary prism in the North Sulawesi Trench occurred approximately 5 Ma. A comparison between the North Sulawesi accretionary prism and the Nankai accretionary prism of Japan reveals similar internal structures, suggesting similar mechanical processes and structural evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1738.2003.00403.x
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal Response of Planktonic Foraminifera to Surface Ocean Condition: Sediment Trap Results from the Central North Pacific Ocean (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of oceanography 55 (1999), S. 681-691 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-868X
    Keywords: Sediment trap ; planktonic foraminifera ; organic matter ; seasonal variations ; food availability ; surface ocean thermal condition ; central North Pacific
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The fluxes of planktonic foraminifera (calcareous shell producing zooplankton) were examined in order to clarify temporal and regional variations in production in the upper ocean in relation to hydrographic conditions. Three time-series sediment traps were deployed in the central North Pacific along 175°E for about one year, beginning in June 1993. Trap sites were located in the subarctic, the transition, and the subtropical water masses, from north to south. The southernmost site was under the influence of the transition zone in January to May. Both temporal and regional fluxes of planktonic foraminifera showed large variations during the experiment. In the subarctic water mass, high total foraminiferal fluxes (TFFs) and high organic matter fluxes (OMFs) were observed during summer to fall, suggesting that food availability is the most important factor for the production of planktonic foraminifera. Furthermore, low TFFs during winter were ascribed to low food availability and low temperatures. The OMFs and TFFs correlated well and increased rapidly after the disruption of the seasonal thermocline during winter, peaking in late February to early March in the transition zone. In the subtropical water mass, both OMFs and TFFs remained low due to lower productivity under oligotrophic conditions. In general, TFFs show a positive correlation with OMFs during the trap experiment, suggesting that food availability is one of the factors controlling the production of planktonic foraminifera in the central North Pacific. Relatively low TFFs during summer to fall in the subtropical water mass may be caused by the thermal structure of the upper ocean. Low SST possibly reduces the production of foraminifera during winter in the subarctic region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007812028703
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  • 16
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    Magnetic properties and sand composition at DSDP Site 87-582 and Hole 87-583D
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Taira, Asahiko; Niitsuma, Nobuaki (1986): Turbidite sedimentation in the Nankai Trough as interpreted from magnetic fabric, grain size, and detrital modal analyses. In: Kagami, H; Karig, DE; Coulbourn, WT; et al. (eds.), Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Washington (U.S. Govt. Printing Office), 87, 611-632, https://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.87.112.1986
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: At Site 582, DSDP Leg 87, turbidites about 560 m thick were recovered from the floor of the Nankai Trough. A turbidite bed is typically composed of three subdivisions: a lower graded sand unit, an upper massive silt unit, and an uppermost Chondrites burrowed silt unit. The turbidites intercalate with bluish gray hemipelagic mud which apparently accumulated below the calcite compensation depth. In order to investigate the nature and provenance of the turbidites, we studied the grain orientation, based on magnetic fabric measurements and thin-section grain counting, and grain size, using a photo-extinction settling tube and detrital modal analysis. The following results were obtained: (1) grain orientation analysis indicates that the turbidity current transport parallels the trench axis, predominantly from the northeast; (2) Nankai Trough turbidites generally decrease in grain size to the southwest; (3) turbidite sands include skeletal remains indicative of fresh-water and shallow-marine environments; and (4) turbidites contain abundant volcanic components, and their composition is analogous to the sediments of the Fuji River-Suruga Bay area. Considering other evidence, such as physiography and geometry of trench fill, we conclude that the turbidites of Site 582 as well as Site 583 were derived predominantly from the mouth of Fuji River and were transported through the Suruga Trough to the Nankai Trough, a distance of some 700 km. This turbidite transport system has tectonic implications: (1) the filling of the Nankai Trough is the direct consequence of the Izu collision in Pliocene- Pleistocene times; (2) the accretion of trench fill at the trench inner slope observed in the Nankai Trough is controlled by collision tectonics; and (3) each event of turbidite deposition may be related to a Tokai mega-earthquake.
    Keywords: Deep Sea Drilling Project; DSDP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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  • 17
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    (Table 1) Susceptibility, declination and inclination at DSDP Hole 87-582B
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: 87-582B; Calculated, see reference(s); Declination; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Glomar Challenger; Inclination; Leg87; MAG; Magnetic susceptibility, volume; Magnetometer; North Pacific; Sample code/label; Shape of susceptibility
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 264 data points
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  • 18
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    (Table 2) Susceptibility, declination and inclination of magnetic fabric at DSDP Hole 87-583D
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: 87-583D; Calculated, see reference(s); Declination; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Glomar Challenger; Inclination; Leg87; MAG; Magnetic susceptibility, volume; Magnetometer; North Pacific; Sample code/label; Sample comment; Shape of susceptibility
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 102 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 19
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    (Table 3) Sand composition at DSDP Site 87-582
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: 87-582A; 87-582B; Chert; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Event label; Glomar Challenger; Kalifeldspar; Leg87; Mica; North Pacific; Plagioclase; Point counting; Pyroxene; Quartz; Rock fragments; Sample, optional label/labor no; Sample code/label; Sand; Sandstone; Shale; Volcanic glass
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 196 data points
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  • 20
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    (Table 1) Age determination of sediment core KH92-15cBX
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Ohkouchi, Naohiko; Kawamura, Kenji; Taira, Asahiko (1997): Fluctuations of terrestrial and marine biomarkers in the western tropical Pacific during the last 23,300 years. Paleoceanography, 12(4), 623-630, https://doi.org/10.1029/97PA00820
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: A sediment core collected from Caroline Basin, western tropical Pacific was analyzed for lipid class compounds (aliphatic hydrocarbons, long-chain alkenones, fatty alcohols, sterols, and fatty acids) to reconstruct changes in paleoenvironments during the last 23.3 kyr. Around the boundary between the glacial and deglacial periods (19 ka), mass accumulation rates of terrestrial biomarkers, C25-C35 n-alkanes, C24-C28 fatty alcohols, and C23-C34 fatty acids, were found to decrease significantly and stayed in low levels during the deglaciation, suggesting a reduction of atmospheric transport of continental materials during that time. In the same period, mass accumulation rates of C17-C20 n-alkanes, pristane, cholesterol, and dinosterol which are thought to be mainly derived from marine organisms also decreased, suggesting a significant drop of marine biological productivity. The decreased biological productivity in the western tropical Pacific may be caused by a reduced supply of nutrients from upwelling which is associated with decreased wind velocity and/or caused by a shift of upwelling zone.
    Keywords: Age, 14C AMS; Age, 14C calibrated; Age, dated; Age, dated standard error; BC; Box corer; Calculated; Calendar age; Caroline Basin, western tropical Pacific; Comment; DEPTH, sediment/rock; KH92-1-5cBX; Sedimentation rate
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 17 data points
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