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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: To investigate coastal biogeochemical cycles, especially at the sediment/water interface,improved sampling methods are necessary. For this purpose, we developed apore water in situ sampler with miniature sampling devices, so called Rhizons. Rhizonsoil moisture samplers have been used as sampling devices in unsaturated soilsfor the last ten years. In aquatic science they have been rarely used to extract porewater from sediments. This study presents a new developed Rhizon In Situ Sampler(RISS) as a non-destructive and inexpensive tool for in situ pore water sampling. Fieldexperiments, tracer studies and numerical modeling were combined to assess the suitabilityof Rhizons for pore water sampling. Our investigations show that the RISS isa very suitable alternative to classical methods for in situ sampling. Combined withan in situ benthic chamber system the RISS allows studies of benthic fluxes and porewater profiles at the same location with negligible effect on the incubated sedimentwater interface. This allows improved calculation and modeling of transport and reactionprocesses. Results of nutrient and freshwater input into surface water derivedby in situ sampling of tidal flat sediments of the Wadden Sea (Sahlenburg/Cuxhaven,Germany) are presented. Long term deployments of the RISS and repetitive pore watersampling at the same location might support future studies of seasonal variation ofbenthic processes in sediments of the coastal zone and open ocean.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: Rhizon samplers were originally designed as micro-tensiometers for soil science forseepage water sampling in the unsaturated zone some ten years ago. We have introducedthese samplers for the use in marine sediments and in saturated groundwaterenvironments for direct pore water sampling.Rhizons consist of a small microporous polymer tube (2.5mm diameter) supported bya stabilizing wire that is connected to a PVC-tube and a standard luer-lock connector.By attaching vacuum to this connector (syringe, vacuumtube or peristaltic pump)small volumes of pore water samples may be extracted from sediments without furthermaintenance. As a side effect of the 0.1 micron pore width of the polymer tube,the samples are automatically filtered. We successfully used these samplers for highresolution sampling from closed sediment cores. The Rhizons were inserted through3mm holes in the liner walls. By this method very high resolution pore water profilesamples may be taken without disturbance of the sediment structure. Since samplesare collected in directly attached syringes or vacuumtubes, contact with ambient oxygenis avoided for anoxic environments, thus eliminating both, the need for glove boxsampling and eliminating the need for cumbersome pressure filtration. Recently otherRhizon models with carbon fibre support and microporous tube diameters down to1mm have been presented.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 15
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    Macmillan Publishers Limited
    In:  EPIC3Nature Communications, Macmillan Publishers Limited, 6(6159), pp. 1-8, ISSN: 2041-1723
    Publication Date: 2015-12-14
    Description: The end of the last interglacial period, ~118 kyr ago, was characterized by substantial ocean circulation and climate perturbations resulting from instabilities of polar ice sheets. These perturbations are crucial for a better understanding of future climate change. The seasonal temperature changes of the tropical ocean, however, which play an important role in seasonal climate extremes such as hurricanes, floods and droughts at the present day, are not well known for this period that led into the last glacial. Here we present a monthly resolved snapshot of reconstructed sea surface temperature in the tropical North Atlantic Ocean for 117.7±0.8 kyr ago, using coral Sr/Ca and δ18O records. We find that temperature seasonality was similar to today, which is consistent with the orbital insolation forcing. Our coral and climate model results suggest that temperature seasonality of the tropical surface ocean is controlled mainly by orbital insolation changes during interglacials.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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