Description: This dataset contains hydroacoustic measurements collected by the Simrad EK60/EK80 echosounder of RV Polarstern during its drift across the Central Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition (PS122) from October 2019 to October 2020. We provide data for the frequencies 38, 70, 120 and 200 kHz (synchronized), and 18 kHz. The data are uncalibrated raw measurements of acoustic backscatter in the Simrad raw format. The data should only be used after careful consideration of the disclaimer on appropriate scientific use of the data provided with this dataset.

Description: This dataset contains hydroacoustic measurements collected by the Simrad EK60/EK80 echosounder of RV Polarstern during its drift across the Central Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition (PS122) from October 2019 to October 2020. We provide data for the frequencies 38, 70, 120 and 200 kHz (synchronized), and 18 kHz. The data are uncalibrated raw measurements of acoustic backscatter in the Simrad raw format. The data should only be used after careful consideration of the disclaimer on appropriate scientific use of the data provided with this dataset.

Description: This dataset contains hydroacoustic measurements collected by the Simrad EK60/EK80 echosounder of RV Polarstern during its drift across the Central Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition (PS122) from October 2019 to October 2020. We provide data for the frequencies 38, 70, 120 and 200 kHz (synchronized), and 18 kHz. The data are uncalibrated raw measurements of acoustic backscatter in the Simrad raw format. The data should only be used after careful consideration of the disclaimer on appropriate scientific use of the data provided with this dataset.

Description: This dataset contains hydroacoustic measurements collected by the Simrad EK60/EK80 echosounder of RV Polarstern during its drift across the Central Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition (PS122) from October 2019 to October 2020. We provide data for the frequencies 38, 70, 120 and 200 kHz (synchronized), and 18 kHz. The data are uncalibrated raw measurements of acoustic backscatter in the Simrad raw format. The data should only be used after careful consideration of the disclaimer on appropriate scientific use of the data provided with this dataset.

Description: This dataset contains energy content measurements performed on zooplankton collected in the Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition (PS122) from November 2019 untill September 2020. Energy content measurements were done on Apherusa glacialis, Themisto abyssorum, Chaetognatha, Thysanoessa longicaudata and Calanus hyperboreus. These species are all known prey of polar cod (Boreogadus saida), and their energy content was measured to be included in a bioenergetic model of the growth rate of this predator and to gain insight in the differences between prey species. The meaurements were performed on freeze-dried specimens using a 6725 semi-micro oxygen calorimeter (Parr, USA) connected to a 6772 calorimetric thermometer (Parr, USA).

Description: This dataset contains hydroacoustic measurements collected by the Simrad EK60/EK80 echosounder of RV Polarstern during its drift across the Central Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition (PS122) from October 2019 to October 2020. We provide data for the frequencies 38, 70, 120 and 200 kHz (synchronized), and 18 kHz. The data are uncalibrated raw measurements of acoustic backscatter in the Simrad raw format. The data should only be used after careful consideration of the disclaimer on appropriate scientific use of the data provided with this dataset.

Description: This dataset contains energy content measurements performed on zooplankton collected in the Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition (PS122) from November 2019 untill September 2020. Energy content measurements were done on Apherusa glacialis, Themisto abyssorum, Chaetognatha, Thysanoessa longicaudata and Calanus hyperboreus. These species are all known prey of polar cod (Boreogadus saida), and their energy content was measured to be included in a bioenergetic model of the growth rate of this predator and to gain insight in the differences between prey species. The meaurements were performed on freeze-dried specimens using a 6725 semi-micro oxygen calorimeter (Parr, USA) connected to a 6772 calorimetric thermometer (Parr, USA).

Description: This dataset contains energy content measurements performed on zooplankton collected in the Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition (PS122) from November 2019 untill September 2020. Energy content measurements were done on Apherusa glacialis, Themisto abyssorum, Chaetognatha, Thysanoessa longicaudata and Calanus hyperboreus. These species are all known prey of polar cod (Boreogadus saida), and their energy content was measured to be included in a bioenergetic model of the growth rate of this predator and to gain insight in the differences between prey species. The meaurements were performed on freeze-dried specimens using a 6725 semi-micro oxygen calorimeter (Parr, USA) connected to a 6772 calorimetric thermometer (Parr, USA).

Description: Algal pigment concentrations were retrieved from samples from second-year (SYI) ice, during the whole MOSAiC expedition (Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate) in 2019 to 2020. During MOSAiC, RV Polarstern anchored into an ice floe to gain new insights into Arctic climate over a full annual cycle. Sea ice data were collected starting with the onset of the study, at 85 degrees north and 137 degrees east, following the drift towards the Fram Strait, and returning into the marginal ice zone during the 4th leg of the expedition. Ice cores were collected at the various coring sites together with teams ICE and BGC (Nicolaus et al. 2022), to study the development of pigment patterns over time, on 3 specific ice-locations. Altogether, 277 samples have been collected and analysed. Ice cores were sliced in sections of 5-10 cm before analyses. Each of the sections was melted at room temperature after additions of filtered ambient seawater, under dark conditions. After extraction in 90 % acetone, samples were analysed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on a Waters system (AWI). Algal pigments contain a multiple set of information. Firstly, pigment concentrations can show the presence of algal biomass in the various domains sampled. Secondly, marker pigments can reveal seasonal and temporal dynamics in algal community structure, by discerning specific algal classes like diatoms, cryptophytes, haptophytes and chlorophytes that have specific roles in biogeochemical cycles. Thirdly, certain pigments are indicative of the (photo)-physiological state of micro-algae and fourth, degradation products of the main chlorophyll a pigment further give an indication about senescence and grazing in the various habitats.

Description: Algal pigment concentrations were retrieved from samples from first-year (FYI) ice, during the whole MOSAiC expedition (Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate) in 2019 to 2020. During MOSAiC, RV Polarstern anchored into an ice floe to gain new insights into Arctic climate over a full annual cycle. Sea ice data were collected starting with the onset of the study, at 85 degrees north and 137 degrees east, following the drift towards the Fram Strait, and returning to the North Pole in the last leg of the expedition. Ice cores were collected at the various coring sites together with teams ICE and BGC (Nicolaus et al. 2022), to study the development of pigment patterns over time, on 3 specific ice-locations. Altogether, 292 samples have been collected and analysed. Ice cores were sliced in sections of 5-10 cm before analyses. Each of the sections was melted at room temperature after additions of filtered ambient seawater, under dark conditions. After extraction in 90 % acetone, samples were analysed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on a Waters system (AWI). Algal pigments contain a multiple set of information. Firstly, pigment concentrations can show the presence of algal biomass in the various domains sampled. Secondly, marker pigments can reveal seasonal and temporal dynamics in algal community structure, by discerning specific algal classes like diatoms, cryptophytes, haptophytes and chlorophytes that have specific roles in biogeochemical cycles. Thirdly, certain pigments are indicative of the (photo)-physiological state of micro-algae and fourth, degradation products of the main chlorophyll a pigment further give an indication about senescence and grazing in the various habitats.