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  • Cerebellum  (2)
  • Chemical Engineering  (2)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 296 (1977), S. 117-121 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Cerebellum ; cGMP ; Morphine ; Mossy fibers ; Climbing fibers ; Striatum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Morphine, dextromoramide (4 μmol/kg i.p.) and vimonol R2 (17 μmol/kg i.p.) in analgesic doses (28 to 112 μmol/kg i.p.) decreased 3′,5′-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in rat cerebellar cortex; morphine also decreased the cGMP content in deep cerebellar nuclei. Intrastriatal but not intracerebellar injections of morphine (20 μg) decreased cerebellar cGMP content. Naltrexone, an opiate receptor antagonist, but not apomorphine, a dopaminergic receptor agonist, blocked the effect of morphine on cerebellar cGMP. Pretreatment with 3-acetylpyridine (3-AP) which destroys the climbing fibers, failed to antagonize the effect of morphine on cerebellar cGMP. These results suggest that activation of opiate receptors in striatum decreases cerebellar cGMP content presumably by reducing activity in the mossy fiber excitatory input to cerebellum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 289 (1975), S. 369-378 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: cGMP ; Isoniazid ; Cerebellum ; GABA ; Picrotoxin ; Diazepam ; Convulsions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Subcutaneous injections of isoniazid or picrotoxin increase the cerebellar content of 3′,5′-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) without changing the 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate cAMP. This increase was dose dependent and the threshold for the cGMP increase was lower than that for convulsions. In cerebellum the increase of cGMP content elicited by isoniazid but not that caused by picrotoxin was paralleled by a decrease of GABA content. Diazepam doses starting from 1.74 μmol/kg intraperitoneally produced a dose dependent decrease of cerebellar cGMP concentration without changing cAMP or GABA content. Smaller doses of diazepam (0.5 μmol/kg i.p.) failed to decrease the basal cerebellar content of cGMP. However, this dose of diazepam antagonized the increase of cGMP produced by isoniazid but not that produced by picrotoxin. Higher doses of diazepam were necessary to block the increase of cerebellar cGMP elicited by picrotoxin. Low doses of diazepam (0.14 μmol/kg) antagonized the convulsions in 50% of the rats injected with 3.3 mmol/kg of isoniazid. The doses of diazepam required to block picrotoxin, pentylenetetrazol or strychnine convulsions were 7, 25 and 40 times higher than those required to block isoniazid convulsions, respectively. Desmethyldiazepam, chloridiazepoxide, oxazepam were also several times more potent in antagonizing isoniazid than picrotoxin, pentylenetetrazol, or strychnine convulsions. In contrast, barbiturates were equipotent against all the convulsants studied. These experiments suggest that diazepam may act in the CNS either by altering the disposition of endogenous GABA or by mimicking the action of GABA at specific synaptic receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 31 (1985), S. 982-991 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The internal diffusion coefficients, Di, of pure methane, ethane and ethylene as well as some of their binary and ternary mixtures, have been calculated at 20°C for solid particles of a commercial activated carbon. It has been observed that the contribution of the surface migration mechanism to the global mass transfer process inside the adsorbent particles can be as much as 70-80%. Values for the surface migration coefficient Ds have also been calculated from the relation Di = Dg + KDs, where K is a dimensionless mean slope factor. Values found for both coefficients are of the same order of magnitude as those reported in the literature for similar systems.All the values for the internal diffusion coefficients of these pure components and their mixtures fit into a single correlation curve, the characteristic kinetic curve of the adsorbent.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experimental binary and ternary equilibrium data for the adsorption of hydrocarbon mixtures of methane, ethane, ethylene, and propylene on activated carbon at 20°C are presented and discussed. Reproduction of binary adsorption equilibria and prediction of ternary adsorption equilibria exclusively with data of binary systems have been carried out using a real adsorbed solution theory, which requires the calculation of the activity coefficients for the components in the adsorbed phase.Predicted equilibrium data are found to be in excellent agreement with experimental values using Wilson and UNIQUAC equations to calculate the activity coefficients. The real absorbed solution theory provides a much more accurate method for predicting multicomponent adsorption equilibria than the ideal adsorbed solution theory.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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