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  • Barley  (10)
  • Aphid  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthetic aphid sex pheromone lures female parasitoids (1991)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 61 (1991), S. 97-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Aphid ; field trial ; parasitoids ; Praon ; sex pheromone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00367174
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of aphids and honeydew on the leaving rate of searching aphid parasitoids from wheat plants (1992)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 63 (1992), S. 259-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Aphid ; parasitoid ; honeydew ; behaviour ; cereals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Dispersal cages were used to investigate the effects of aphids and treatment with artificial honeydew on the leaving rate of searching females of the parasitoid Aphidius rhopalosiphi from groups of wheat plants. Parasitoids which flew away from groups of plants placed in the centre of a cage were trapped on the sides and roof of the cage and thus were prevented from returning to the plants. The positions of trapped parasitoids suggested their direction of flight when dispersing from the plants. Parasitoids increased their residence times on groups of plants in the presence of aphids and of artificial honeydew, but the rate of parasitism of the host Sitobion avenae was not raised by the presence of artificial honeydew under the experimental conditions used. The direction of flight taken by the majority of parasitoids suggested that they were leaving the plants in order to locate further plants nearby to continue searching rather than to terminate searching and disperse away from the area. The need to consider plant patch size in studies of parasitoid searching behaviour is stressed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00192774
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of pollen irradiation in barley breeding (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 65 (1983), S. 73-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Barley ; Hordeum vulgare ; Irradiated pollen ; Plant breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Second generation progenies (M2) derived from crosses using barley pollen irradiated at 500, 1,000 1,500 and 2,000 rads increasingly resembled the maternal parent. ‘Golden Promise’, but contained some characteristics derived from the paternal parent, ‘Magnum’.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276267
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Field performance of lines derived from haploid and diploid tissues of Hordeum vulgare (1986)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 72 (1986), S. 458-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Hordeum vulgare ; Barley ; Tissue culture ; Haploid ; Somaclonal variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Plant tissue culture technology is of increasing interest to plant breeders. As part of a continuing investigation into breeding methods with spring barley two studies were conducted to assess the field performance of the progenies of material regenerated in tissue culture. The first study involved two spring barley cultivars, ‘Golden Promise’ and ‘Mazurka’ and compared lines produced from immature embryo (IE) derived callus with those from embryos developed by the Hordeum bulbosum (Hb) technique of chromosome elimination. In general the mean values for the seven characters scored were lower for the IE than the Hb material. In the second study F1 hybrid material (‘Golden Promise’x‘Mazurka’) was used and doubled haploid lines produced by the H. bulbosum and microspore culture (M) techniques were compared with single seed descent (SSD) material. Analysis of these F∝ samples indicated that the mean values for the M lines were significantly lower than those of the Hb and SSD lines. Furthermore, data from the M lines showed significant evidence of variation created during the culture phase. The implications of these findings for barley breeding are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00289527
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetical analysis of microspore derived plants of barley (Hordeum vulgare) (1986)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 72 (1986), S. 619-626 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Barley ; Doubled haploids ; Somaclonal variation ; Breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary From an F1 hybrid between the two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars ‘Golden Promise’ and ‘Mazurka’ a series of doubled haploid (DH) lines were generated both from microspores by anther culture and from immature zygotic embryos after hybridization withH. bulbosum. The DH lines from both sources were used to monitor the segregation of the five major genes, rachilla hair length, DDT susceptibility, height, C hordein polymorphism and mildew resistance. Whereas the microspore-derived samples showed significant departures from the expected 1∶1 ratio for three of the five genes, theH. bulbosum lines showed deviation for only one gene. Analysis of linkage data also showed differences between the two series of DH lines. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a mean chiasma frequency in theH. bulbosum lines which was very similar to the F1 hybrid. In contrast, four of the ten microspore derived lines examined showed a reduced chiasma frequency. One showed evidence of translocation heterozygosity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00288999
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The inheritance of genetic markers in microspore-derived plants of barley Hordeum vulgare L. (1991)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 81 (1991), S. 487-492 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Doubled haploids ; Microspore ; Isozymes ; RFLPs ; Barley
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Biochemical, molecular and morphological markers have been used to monitor the segregation of alleles at major gene loci in microspore-derived lines of four spring barley crosses and their parents. Significant deviations from the expected Mendelian ratios were observed for four of the ten markers studied in the cross. Distorted ratios were associated with loci located on chromosomes 4H and 6H. The differential transmission of alleles was in favour of the responsive parent (Blenheim) used in the anther culture studies. For the α-Amy-1 locus on chromosome 6H, the preferential transmission of Blenheim alleles was most pronounced in the haploid regenerants that were colchicine treated. These results are discussed in relation to the genetic control of androgenetic response in barley and with respect to the exploitation of another culture in barley improvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219438
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water-soluble proteins of mature barley endosperm: genetic control, polymorphism, and linkage with β-amylase and spring/winter habit (1991)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 81 (1991), S. 787-792 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Water-soluble protein (WSP) ; Barley ; β Amylase ; Linkage ; Spring/winter habit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Water-soluble proteins (WSP-2 and WSP-3) and β-amylase (β-AMY-1) were extracted from mature endosperms of 44 spring and 39 winter barley genotypes. The protein and enzyme isoforms were separated in isoelectric focusing gels with a pH gradient of 4–6.5. The Wsp-3 and β-Amy-1 loci were located to chromosomes 4H using the wheat/barley chromosome addition lines. Segregation analysis of F2 and doubled haploid populations showed Wsp-2 and β-Amy-1 to be tightly linked, with a map distance of 11 cMorgans. Isoforms of WSP-2 possessed similar pIs to that of WSP-3 and overlapping bands were observed in the gels. These bands segregated independently in F2 and doubled haploid populations, implying two unlinked genes. All three loci were found to be polymorphic: two alleles were detected at the Wsp-2 locus, three at Wsp-3 and two at β-Amy-1. The frequency of alleles at all three loci was found to be different in winter and spring genotypes. Spring genotypes possessed a wider range of phenotypes than winter genotypes. Spring and winter genotypes could be distinguished on the basis of WSP-3 and β- AMY-1 phenotypes. The linkage between Wsp-3 and β-Amy-1 loci and genes controlling spring/winter habit on chromosome 4H is discussed. It is concluded that Wsp-3 and β-Amy-1 can be used as genetic markers for spring/winter habit in barley genetic research and breeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224991
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of RAPD markers linked to genetic factors controlling the milling energy requirement of barley (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 87 (1993), S. 314-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: RAPDs ; DHs ; Bulked segregant analysis ; QTLs ; Barley
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Doubled haploid (DH) populations of barley have been used in combination with PCR-based polymorphic-assay procedures to identify molecular markers linked to genes controlling the milling energy requirement of the grain. Milling energy (ME) is a quantitative trait and locating individual quantitative trait loci (QTLs) involved the construction of bulks by combining DNA from DH families representing the extreme members of the distribution for ME. In addition, the individuals had alternative alleles at theRrn2 locus that has previously been shown to be linked to an ME QTL. The DNA bulks were screened with Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and polymorphic amplification products tested for linkage to genes influencing the expression of ME in a DH population. Several markers were identified which are linked to a QTL controlling ME and the recombination fraction determined by maximum likelihood procedures. The results indicate that DHs in combination with RAPDs and bulked segregant analysis provide an efficient method for locating QTLs in barely. Furthermore, this approach is applicable to mapping other QTLs in a range of organisms from which DH or recombinant inbred lines can be extracted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01184917
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anther culture of Hordeum vulgare L.: a genetic study of microspore callus production and differentiation (1987)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 74 (1987), S. 60-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Barley ; Anther culture ; Pollen ; Haploid ; Callus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The inheritance of the ability of barley anthers to produce microspore-derived callus in vitro was investigated. The genotypes selected were the two spring cultivars ‘Dissa’ (D) and ‘Sabarlis’ (S), the two F1 hybrids (DxS, SxD), the two backcross generations [Dx(DxS), Sx(DxS)], and an F2 generation derived from DxS. From a number of individuals of each generation, the first five spikes were harvested sequentially and after pre-treatment the anthers were removed and placed in culture. Cultures were scored for microspore callus production and plantlet differentiation. Although ‘Dissa’ gave a significantly higher level of callus production than ‘Sabarlis’, the overall frequencies of green and albino plant production were higher from ‘Sabarlis’. There was no significant difference between reciprocal F1 hybrids. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences in response between the spikes sampled from the plants. This was the major source of variation in the experiment. Spike to spike variation also appeared to be a heritable character.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00290084
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of quantitative trait loci for agronomic, yield, grain and disease characters in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 1037-1047 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Barley ; QTLs ; Linkage ; Yield ; Markers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been revealed for characters in a segregating population from a spring barley cross between genotypes adapted to North-West Europe. Transgressive segregation was found for all the characters, which was confirmed by the regular detection of positive and negative QTLs from both parents. A QTL for all the agronomic, yield and grain characters measured except thousand grain weight was found in the region of the denso dwarfing gene locus. There were considerable differences between the location of QTLs found in the present study and those found in previous studies of North American germ plasm, revealing the diversity between the two gene pools. Thirty-one QTLs were detected in more than one environment for the 13 characters studied, although many more were detected in just one environment. Whilst biometrical analyses suggested the presence of epistasis in the genetic control of some characters, there was little evidence of interactions between the QTLs apart from those associated with yield. QTLs of large effect sometimes masked the presence of QTLs of smaller effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223917
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