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  • AGE; Antarctica; Antarctica, west; Deposition of sulfate, volcanic; DEPTH, ice/snow; Greenland; Ice core; ICEDRILL; Ice drill; Laacher See Eruption; sulfate; Sulfur; volcanic eruptions; volcanism; WAIS; WD2014; WDC-06A, WAIS Divide; West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide ice core project; Younger Dryas  (1)
  • Biomass burning  (1)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-04-17
    Description: Annual volcanic sulfate mass deposition rates from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide ice core project for the time period 12.68-13.20 ka BP on the annual-layer counted WD2014 chronology and transfered to the Greenland GICC05 chronology using common volcanic markers. The reconstruction is based on sulfur measurements employing high-resolution continuous flow analysis coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry performed at the Desert Research Institute (Reno, NV, USA). Volcanic eruptions are detected when annual sulfur concentrations exceeded the background concentrations + 2 times the median of the absolute deviation. Background concentrations are estimated using a 101-year running median. Volcanic sulfate deposition rates are calculated by subtracting the background concentrations from total sulfate concentrations using thinning corrected estimates of mean accumulation rates at the ice-core site.
    Keywords: AGE; Antarctica; Antarctica, west; Deposition of sulfate, volcanic; DEPTH, ice/snow; Greenland; Ice core; ICEDRILL; Ice drill; Laacher See Eruption; sulfate; Sulfur; volcanic eruptions; volcanism; WAIS; WD2014; WDC-06A, WAIS Divide; West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide ice core project; Younger Dryas
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1042 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2014. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 119 (2014): 9168–9182, doi:10.1002/2013JD020720.
    Description: The sources and transport pathways of aerosol species in Antarctica remain uncertain, partly due to limited seasonally resolved data from the harsh environment. Here, we examine the seasonal cycles of major ions in three high-accumulation West Antarctic ice cores for new information regarding the origin of aerosol species. A new method for continuous acidity measurement in ice cores is exploited to provide a comprehensive, charge-balance approach to assessing the major non-sea-salt (nss) species. The average nss-anion composition is 41% sulfate (SO42−), 36% nitrate (NO3−), 15% excess-chloride (ExCl−), and 8% methanesulfonic acid (MSA). Approximately 2% of the acid-anion content is neutralized by ammonium (NH4+), and the remainder is balanced by the acidity (Acy ≈ H+ − HCO3−). The annual cycle of NO3− shows a primary peak in summer and a secondary peak in late winter/spring that are consistent with previous air and snow studies in Antarctica. The origin of these peaks remains uncertain, however, and is an area of active research. A high correlation between NH4+ and black carbon (BC) suggests that a major source of NH4+ is midlatitude biomass burning rather than marine biomass decay, as previously assumed. The annual peak in excess chloride (ExCl−) coincides with the late-winter maximum in sea ice extent. Wintertime ExCl− is correlated with offshore sea ice concentrations and inversely correlated with temperature from nearby Byrd station. These observations suggest that the winter peak in ExCl− is an expression of fractionated sea-salt aerosol and that sea ice is therefore a major source of sea-salt aerosol in the region.
    Description: This work was supported by grants from the NSF Antarctic Program (0632031 and 1142166), NSF-MRI (1126217), the NASA Cryosphere Program (NNX10AP09G), and by an award from the Department of Energy Office of Science Graduate Fellowship Program (DOE SCGF) to ASC.
    Description: 2015-01-21
    Keywords: Antarctica ; Ice cores ; Biomass burning ; Sea ice ; Nitrate ; Acidity
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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