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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (53)
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  • 1
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    Preliminary patient-reported outcomes analysis of 3-dimensional radiation therapy versus intensity-modulated radiation therapy on the high-dose arm of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0126 prostate cancer trial (2015)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In: Cancer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-04
    Description: BACKGROUND The authors analyzed a preliminary report of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) among men who received high-dose radiation therapy (RT) on Radiation Therapy Oncology Group study 0126 (a phase 3 dose-escalation trial) with either 3-dimensional conformal RT (3D-CRT) or intensity-modulated RT (IMRT). METHODS Patients in the 3D-CRT group received 55.8 gray (Gy) to the prostate and proximal seminal vesicles and were allowed an optional field reduction; then, they received 23.4 Gy to the prostate only. Patients in the IMRT group received 79.2 Gy to the prostate and proximal seminal vesicles. PROs were assessed at 0 months (baseline), 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months and included bladder and bowel function assessed with the Functional Alterations due to Changes in Elimination (FACE) instrument and erectile function assessed with the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). Analyses included the patients who completed all data at baseline and for at least 1 follow-up assessment, and the results were compared with an imputed data set. RESULTS Of 763 patients who were randomized to the 79.2-Gy arm, 551 patients and 595 patients who responded to the FACE instrument and 505 patients and 577 patients who responded to the IIEF were included in the completed and imputed analyses, respectively. There were no significant differences between modalities for any of the FACE or IIEF subscale scores or total scores at any time point for either the completed data set or the imputed data set. CONCLUSIONS Despite significant reductions in dose and volume to normal structures using IMRT, this robust analysis of 3D-CRT and IMRT demonstrated no difference in patient-reported bowel, bladder, or sexual functions for similar doses delivered to the prostate and proximal seminal vesicles with IMRT compared with 3D-CRT delivered either to the prostate and proximal seminal vesicles or to the prostate alone. Cancer 2015. © 2015 American Cancer Society .
    Print ISSN: 0008-543X
    Electronic ISSN: 1097-0142
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of The American Cancer Society.
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  • 2
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    NRG Oncology/RTOG 0921: A phase 2 study of postoperative intensity-modulated radiotherapy with concurrent cisplatin and bevacizumab followed by carboplatin and paclitaxel for patients with endometrial cancer (2015)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In: Cancer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-08
    Description: BACKGROUND The current study was conducted to assess acute and late adverse events (AEs), overall survival (OS), pelvic failure, regional failure, distant failure, and disease-free survival in a prospective phase 2 clinical trial of bevacizumab and pelvic intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with chemotherapy in patients with high-risk endometrial cancer. METHODS Patients underwent a hysterectomy and lymph node removal, and had ≥1 of the following high-risk factors: grade 3 carcinoma with 〉50% myometrial invasion, grade 2 or 3 disease with any cervical stromal invasion, or known extrauterine extension confined to the pelvis. Treatment included pelvic IMRT and concurrent cisplatin on days 1 and 29 of radiation and bevacizumab (at a dose of 5 mg/kg on days 1, 15, and 29 of radiation) followed by adjuvant carboplatin and paclitaxel for 4 cycles. The primary endpoint was grade ≥3 AEs occurring within the first 90 days (toxicity was graded according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events [version 4.0]). RESULTS A total of 34 patients were accrued from November 2009 through December 2011, 30 of whom were eligible and received study treatment. Seven of 30 patients (23.3%; 1-sided 95% confidence interval, 10.6%-36.0%) developed grade ≥3 treatment-related nonhematologic toxicities within 90 days; an additional 6 patients experienced grade ≥3 toxicities between 90 and 365 days after treatment. The 2-year OS rate was 96.7% and the disease-free survival rate was 79.1%. No patient developed a within-field pelvic failure and no patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage I to IIIA disease developed disease recurrence after a median follow-up of 26 months. CONCLUSIONS Postoperative bevacizumab added to chemotherapy and pelvic IMRT appears to be well tolerated and results in high OS rates at 2 years for patients with high-risk endometrial carcinoma. Cancer 2015. © 2015 American Cancer Society .
    Print ISSN: 0008-543X
    Electronic ISSN: 1097-0142
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of The American Cancer Society.
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  • 3
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    Proteolysis of truncated hemolysin A yields a stable dimerization interface (2017)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-03-25
    Description: Wild-type and variant forms of HpmA265 (truncated hemolysin A) from Proteus mirabilis reveal a right-handed, parallel β-helix capped and flanked by segments of antiparallel β-strands. The low-salt crystal structures form a dimeric structure via the implementation of on-edge main-chain hydrogen bonds donated by residues 243–263 of adjacent monomers. Surprisingly, in the high-salt structures of two variants, Y134A and Q125A-Y134A, a new dimeric interface is formed via main-chain hydrogen bonds donated by residues 203–215 of adjacent monomers, and a previously unobserved tetramer is formed. In addition, an eight-stranded antiparallel β-sheet is formed from the flap regions of crystallographically related monomers in the high-salt structures. This new interface is possible owing to additional proteolysis of these variants after Tyr240. The interface formed in the high-salt crystal forms of hemolysin A variants may mimic the on-edge β-strand positioning used in template-assisted hemolytic activity. Structural analysis of two variant forms of truncated hemolysin A reveals additional proteolysis of the C-terminal 31 amino acids under high-salt crystallization conditions. This structural plasticity may support the implementation of stably exposed, on-edge β-strands during template-assisted folding.
    Electronic ISSN: 1744-3091
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of International Union of Crystallography (IUCr).
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  • 4
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    Estimating the VLF Modal Interference Distance using the South America VLF Network (SAVNET) (2014)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-22
    Description: Pronounced amplitude minima are observed during the sub-ionospheric propagation of VLF waves at times (Terminator Times or TTs) when the Terminator Line crosses given locations along the propagation path. The distance between such two successive locations is called the modal interference distance D, which is related to nighttime mode propagation in the Earth-Ionosphere waveguide. Therefore, the temporal behavior of the distance D can bring information on the dynamics of the nighttime lower ionosphere and on the presence of external forcing agents, including those associated with seismic activity. In this paper we present a methodology to estimate the modal interference distance D based on the measure and analysis of the pronounced VLF amplitude minima. We have used a long-term database of almost 5 years from three different VLF propagation paths from the South America VLF Network (SAVNET). We emphasize that the accuracy of the determination of the distance D achieved by our method is better than those obtained in earlier studies. The reason for that is the use of a long-term continuous database, from different parallel propagation paths mainly oriented along the east-to-west direction. We discuss typical properties of the obtained distance D, as the simultaneous occurrence of amplitude minima for parallel propagation paths, anomalous values of D at locations where the Terminator line is close to the receiver, and the derivation of the undisturbed nighttime ionospheric height at h N ~88 km.
    Print ISSN: 0048-6604
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-799X
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 5
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    Experimental evidence that dispersal drives ant community assembly in human-altered ecosystems (2016)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In: Ecology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-30
    Description: A key shortcoming in our understanding of exotic species’ success is that it is not known how post-introduction dispersal contributes to the success of exotic species and the reassembly of invaded communities. Exotic and native species face poorly understood competition–colonization trade-offs in heterogeneous landscapes of natural and anthropogenic habitats. We conducted three experiments that tested how ant queen behavior during dispersal affects community composition. Using experimental plots, we tested whether (1) different types of habitat disturbance and (2) different sizes of habitat disturbance affected the abundance of newly mated queens landing in the plots. The three most abundant species captured were the exotic fire ant Solenopsis invicta , and the native species Brachymyrmex depilis , and S. pergandei , respectively. When queens were considered collectively, more queens landed in plowed, sand-added, and roadside plots than in control or mow plots, in other words, in the more heavily disturbed plots. We also tested (3) the effect of habitat manipulations on the survival of newly mated fire ant queens ( Solenopsis invicta ). Soil disturbance (tilling), lack of shade, and removal (poisoning) of the ant community resulted in the greatest fire ant colony survivorship. Collectively, experiments revealed that both exotic and native newly mated ant queens select open, human-altered ecosystems for founding new colonies. The selection of such habitats by fire ant queens leads to their successful colony founding and ultimately to their dominance in those habitats. Selection of disturbed habitats is therefore advantageous for exotic species but is an ecological trap for native species because they do not often succeed in founding colonies in these habitats.
    Print ISSN: 0012-9658
    Electronic ISSN: 1939-9170
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of The Ecological Society of America (ESA).
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  • 6
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    Do Florida harvester ant colonies (Pogonomyrmex badius) have a nest architecture “plan?” (2017)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In: Ecology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Print ISSN: 0012-9658
    Electronic ISSN: 1939-9170
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of The Ecological Society of America (ESA).
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  • 7
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    Stages: Sub-Fourier dynamic shim updating using nonlinear magnetic field phase preparation (2013)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-26
    Description: Heterogeneity of the static magnetic field in magnetic resonance imaging may cause image artifacts and degradation in image quality. The field heterogeneity can be reduced by dynamically adjusting shim fields or dynamic shim updating, in which magnetic field homogeneity is optimized for each tomographic slice to improve image quality. A limitation of this approach is that a new magnetic field can be applied only once for each slice, otherwise image quality would improve somewhere to its detriment elsewhere in the slice. The motivation of this work is to overcome this limitation and develop a technique using nonlinear magnetic fields to dynamically shim the static magnetic field within a single Fourier-encoded volume or slice, called sub-Fourier dynamic shim updating. However, the nonlinear magnetic fields are not used as shim fields; instead, they impart a strong spatial dependence to the acquired MR signal by nonlinear phase preparation, which may be exploited to locally improve magnetic field homogeneity during acquisition. A theoretical description of the method is detailed, simulations and a proof-of-principle experiment are performed using a magnet coil with a known field geometry. The method is shown to remove artifacts associated with magnetic field homogeneity in balanced steady-state free-precession pulse sequences. We anticipate that this method will be useful to improve the quality of magnetic resonance images by removing deleterious artifacts associated with a heterogeneous static magnetic field. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    Print ISSN: 0740-3194
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-2594
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 8
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    New Caledonia obducted Peridotite Nappe: offshore extent and implications for obduction and post-obduction processes (2018)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    In: Tectonics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-09
    Description: One of the largest ophiolitic peridotite masses in the world covers a quarter of the island of Grande Terre, New Caledonia. The Peridotite Nappe was obducted during the Eocene, is weakly deformed and corresponds to the highest of a structurally simple pile of thrust nappes. We present new marine seismic data that allows us to track the offshore continuation of the Peridotite Nappe along-strike for a distance of more than 500 km south of New Caledonia, and to image its pre-, syn- and post-obduction sedimentary records. Offshore, the Peridotite Nappe underlies a c. 150-km wide and 2 km-deep basin. Flat-topped horsts of peridotite are clearly bounded by major normal faults; in contrast faults are obscure onland. To the east, the Peridotite Nappe roots along the eastern margin of the Félicité Ridge (new name), a c. 300 x 25 km dome-shaped ridge, which we interpret as being the southern extension of the HP/LT metamorphic core complex observed in New Caledonia. Two alternative tectonic models address the relative timing and relationships between Peridotite Nappe emplacement, uplift of a metamorphic core complex, and extensional tectonics. These models provide new ideas for the understanding the formation of the eastern margin of the Zealandia continent. Our results contribute to an understanding of how oceanic mantle is emplaced onto continental margins.
    Print ISSN: 0278-7407
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-9194
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuere Entwicklungen und Anwendungen aus dem Gebiet der Hochvakuum-Technik (1949)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 21 (1949), S. 49-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Bis 1940 war die Anwendung hoher Vakua fast nur auf das Laboratorium beschränkt, in der Technik evakuierte nur die Röhrenindustrie bis auf Drucke von beinahe 10-7 mm Hg, aber es handelte sich auch hier meist nur um verhältnismäßig kleine Volumina. Die anschließende Entwicklung wurde durch mehrere Ereignisse besonders gefördert: durch die Konstruktion hervorragender Pumpen in Deutschland und Amerika, durch die Schaffung guter Gläser in Jena, durch die Erfolge der Vakuumdestillation von Fetten, Ölen und empfindlichen organischen Substanzen in England, Deutschland und später in USA, und schließlich durch das amerikanische Atombombenprojekt, wo bereits bei der Gasdiffusions- und elektromagnetischen Trennung der Uran-Isotope die ersten großen Vakuum-Probleme auftraten. Heute ist selbst die großtechnische Erzeugung von Hochvakuum zwischen -100° und + 1000° C ein untergeordnetes Problem der Verfahrenstechnik geworden.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330210302
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A direct automated procedure for frictionless contact problems (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 18 (1982), S. 245-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The solution of elastostatic bodies in frictionless contact is obtained by an automated direct method which exploits the theory of linear elasticity and circumvents the need for the inclusion of artificial interface elements, mathematical programming techniques or computation of contact pressure. The method is simple and economical to use and can be easily appended to existing numerical schemes such as the finite element method. The formulation and numerical algorithm are presented for body combinations which are independent of relative tangential displacements along the contact surface. The method is illustrated through an elementary example amenable to hand calculation. Numerical results for more realistic problems are given and compared to known solutions. It is concluded that the method provides a powerful means for both the analysis and design of contacting bodies when used in conjunction with a finite element computer program.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620180207
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