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  • 1
    In: Clinical & Experimental Allergy, Wiley, Vol. 49, No. 5 ( 2019-05), p. 644-654
    Abstract: The immunopathogenesis of severe asthma has been associated with an inefficient regulatory response. There are a few studies about the CD 4 T cells profile among individuals with severe asthma refractory to treatment. Objective To evaluate the CD 4 T lymphocyte profile from individuals with severe asthma according to their response to treatment, relating to their atopy status and age of asthma onset. Methods We evaluated nineteen individuals with severe asthma refractory to treatment ( SAR ), 21 with well‐controlled or partly controlled severe asthma ( CSA ) and 23 with mild‐to‐moderate asthma ( MMA ). Lymphocytes were obtained from PBMC , and the frequency of expression of different molecules in this population was assessed using the flow cytometry. Results We observed the frequency of CD 4 + IFN ‐γ + T cells was higher in atopic individuals with SAR than with CSA . In addition, among the atopic and early‐onset asthma ( EOA ), the frequency of CD 4 + CTLA ‐4 + T cells was lower in the SAR group than the CSA group. In relation to non‐atopic and late‐onset asthma ( LOA ) phenotypes, we noted the frequency of CD 4 + FoxP3 + T cells was lower in individuals with SAR than with CSA . We also observed among the LOA patients, the frequency of CD 4 + TGF ‐β + T cells was decreased in SAR group than the in CSA group. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance Our data suggest that refractoriness to treatment in asthma is associated with a lower expression of distinct regulatory molecules by CD 4 T cells between those who are atopic and have EOA and those who are non‐atopic and have LOA . Thus, these results may contribute to the identification of new regulatory strategies to treat asthma according to their phenotypes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0954-7894 , 1365-2222
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Lakes & Reservoirs: Science, Policy and Management for Sustainable Use Vol. 23, No. 2 ( 2018-06), p. 168-171
    In: Lakes & Reservoirs: Science, Policy and Management for Sustainable Use, Wiley, Vol. 23, No. 2 ( 2018-06), p. 168-171
    Abstract: Ceratium furcoides , a large bloom‐forming dinoflagellate, is considered an invasive species in South American freshwater systems. As it can cause ecological and economic problems, particularly in reservoirs, this issue has been discussed among researchers and companies responsible for monitoring Brazilian aquatic systems. To this end, although biovolume estimates are an important tool for ecological studies, calculating biovolumes is a cumbersome procedure, requiring a large number of samples and measurements. This study was undertaken to provide a simple measured morphological trait as a proxy for the cell volume of C. furcoides in Brazilian water systems that have been invaded by these organisms, exhibiting dense, recurrent blooms. Morphometric data were obtained monthly from two subtropical reservoirs in southern Brazil with public supply purposes. Cell volumes exhibited seasonal variations, with significant differences by months and seasons, although not between reservoirs or morphotypes with two or three antapical horns, meaning biovolume estimates must consider seasonal variations in dinoflagellate size. Body width was significantly correlated with 11 other measured dimensions of the cell and was highly correlated with cell volume, thereby being the most representative measure of cell volume. Linear regressions for estimating cell volumes from cell body width revealed a strong positive trend when both full sampling and seasonally grouped samples were considered. Morphometric data of C. furcoides invasions in other Brazilian subtropical and tropical waterbodies also were used, exhibiting significant correlation with the formula proposed in this study.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1320-5331 , 1440-1770
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 3
    In: TAXON, Wiley, Vol. 71, No. 1 ( 2022-02), p. 178-198
    Abstract: The shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis , concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0040-0262 , 1996-8175
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 4
    In: Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 104, No. 4 ( 2023-04)
    Abstract: The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large‐scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-9658 , 1939-9170
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010140-5
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  • 5
    In: Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 100, No. 1 ( 2019-01)
    Abstract: Primates play an important role in ecosystem functioning and offer critical insights into human evolution, biology, behavior, and emerging infectious diseases. There are 26 primate species in the Atlantic Forests of South America, 19 of them endemic. We compiled a dataset of 5,472 georeferenced locations of 26 native and 1 introduced primate species, as hybrids in the genera Callithrix and Alouatta . The dataset includes 700 primate communities, 8,121 single species occurrences and 714 estimates of primate population sizes, covering most natural forest types of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina and some other biomes. On average, primate communities of the Atlantic Forest harbor 2 ± 1 species (range = 1–6). However, about 40% of primate communities contain only one species. Alouatta guariba (N = 2,188 records) and Sapajus nigritus (N = 1,127) were the species with the most records. Callicebus barbarabrownae (N = 35), Leontopithecus caissara (N = 38), and Sapajus libidinosus (N = 41) were the species with the least records. Recorded primate densities varied from 0.004 individuals/km 2 ( Alouatta guariba at Fragmento do Bugre, Paraná, Brazil) to 400 individuals/km 2 ( Alouatta caraya in Santiago, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). Our dataset reflects disparity between the numerous primate census conducted in the Atlantic Forest, in contrast to the scarcity of estimates of population sizes and densities. With these data, researchers can develop different macroecological and regional level studies, focusing on communities, populations, species co‐occurrence and distribution patterns. Moreover, the data can also be used to assess the consequences of fragmentation, defaunation, and disease outbreaks on different ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, species invasion or extinction, and community dynamics. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this Data Paper when the data are used in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using the data.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-9658 , 1939-9170
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1797-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010140-5
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  • 6
    In: Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 100, No. 7 ( 2019-07)
    Abstract: Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records ( n  = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest ( n  = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus ( n  = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus ( n  = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records ( n  = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest ( n  = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-9658 , 1939-9170
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1797-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010140-5
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  • 7
    In: Global Ecology and Biogeography, Wiley, Vol. 31, No. 7 ( 2022-07), p. 1399-1421
    Abstract: Understanding the variation in community composition and species abundances (i.e., β‐diversity) is at the heart of community ecology. A common approach to examine β‐diversity is to evaluate directional variation in community composition by measuring the decay in the similarity among pairs of communities along spatial or environmental distance. We provide the first global synthesis of taxonomic and functional distance decay along spatial and environmental distance by analysing 148 datasets comprising different types of organisms and environments. Location Global. Time period 1990 to present. Major taxa studied From diatoms to mammals. Method We measured the strength of the decay using ranked Mantel tests (Mantel r ) and the rate of distance decay as the slope of an exponential fit using generalized linear models. We used null models to test whether functional similarity decays faster or slower than expected given the taxonomic decay along the spatial and environmental distance. We also unveiled the factors driving the rate of decay across the datasets, including latitude, spatial extent, realm and organismal features. Results Taxonomic distance decay was stronger than functional distance decay along both spatial and environmental distance. Functional distance decay was random given the taxonomic distance decay. The rate of taxonomic and functional spatial distance decay was fastest in the datasets from mid‐latitudes. Overall, datasets covering larger spatial extents showed a lower rate of decay along spatial distance but a higher rate of decay along environmental distance. Marine ecosystems had the slowest rate of decay along environmental distances. Main conclusions In general, taxonomic distance decay is a useful tool for biogeographical research because it reflects dispersal‐related factors in addition to species responses to climatic and environmental variables. Moreover, functional distance decay might be a cost‐effective option for investigating community changes in heterogeneous environments.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1466-822X , 1466-8238
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 8
    In: Movement Disorders, Wiley, Vol. 36, No. 11 ( 2021-11), p. 2634-2641
    Abstract: The cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, and vestibular areflexia syndrome was initially described in the early 1990s as a late‐onset slowly progressive condition. Its underlying genetic cause was recently mapped to the RFC1 gene, and additional reports have expanded on the phenotypic manifestations related to RFC1 , although little is known about the pattern and extent of structural brain abnormalities in this condition. Objective The aim is to characterize the structural signature of brain damage in RFC1 ‐related disorder, correlating the findings with clinical symptoms and normal brain RFC1 expression. Methods We recruited 22 individuals with molecular confirmation of RFC1 expansions and submitted them to high‐resolution 3T magnetic resonance imaging scans. We performed multimodal analyses to assess separately cerebral and cerebellar abnormalities within gray and white matter (WM). The results were compared with a group of 22 age‐ and sex‐matched controls. Results The mean age and disease duration of patients were 62.8 and 10.9 years, respectively. Ataxia, sensory neuronopathy, and vestibular areflexia were the most frequent manifestations, but parkinsonism and pyramidal signs were also noticed. We found that RFC1 ‐related disorder is characterized by widespread and relatively symmetric cerebellar and basal ganglia atrophy. There is brainstem volumetric reduction along all its segments. Cerebral WM is also involved—mostly the corpus callosum and deep tracts, but cerebral cortical damage is rather restricted. Conclusion This study adds new relevant insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of RFC1 ‐related disorder. It should no longer be considered a purely cerebellar and sensory pathway disorder. Basal ganglia and deep cerebral WM are additional targets of damage. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0885-3185 , 1531-8257
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2041249-6
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  • 9
    In: Histopathology, Wiley, Vol. 67, No. 3 ( 2015-09), p. 358-367
    Abstract: Metallothioneins ( MT s) are proteins associated with the carcinogenesis and prognosis of various tumours. Previous studies have shown their potential as biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma ( OSCC ). Aiming to understand more clearly the function of MT s in OSCC we evaluated, for the first time, the gene expression profile of MT s in this neoplasm. Materials and results Tissue samples from 35 cases of tongue and/or floor of mouth OSCC , paired with their corresponding non‐neoplastic oral mucosa ( NNOM ), were retrieved (2007–09). All tissues were analysed for the following genes using TaqMan ® reverse transcription–quantitative polymerase chain reaction ( RT – qPCR ) assays: MT 1A , MT 1B , MT 1E , MT 1F , MT 1G , MT 1H , MT 1X , MT 2A , MT 3 and MT 4 . The expression of MT 1B and MT 1H was seldom detected in both OSCC and NNOM . A significant loss of MT 1A , MT 1X , MT 3 and MT 4 expression and gain of MT 1F expression was observed in OSCC , compared to NNOM . Cases with MT 1G down‐regulation exhibited the worst prognoses. The up‐regulation of MT 1X was restricted to non‐metastatic cases, whereas up‐regulation of MT 3 was related to cases with lymph node metastasis. Conclusions Metallothionein mRNA expression is altered significantly in oral squamous cell carcinomas. The expression of MT 1G , MT 1X and MT 3 may aid in the prognostic discrimination of OSCC cases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0309-0167 , 1365-2559
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2006447-0
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  • 10
    In: Movement Disorders, Wiley, Vol. 37, No. 10 ( 2022-10), p. 2122-2128
    Abstract: RFC1‐related disorder is a novel heredodegenerative condition with a broad phenotypic spectrum. Its neuropathological bases are not yet fully understood, particularly regarding the pattern, extent, and clinical relevance of spinal cord (SC) damage. Objectives The objectives were to determine the SC structural signature in RFC1‐related disorder in vivo and to identify potential clinical correlates for these imaging abnormalities. Methods We enrolled 17 subjects with biallelic RFC1 (AAGGG)n expansions and 11 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls that underwent multimodal magnetic resonance imaging SC acquisitions in a 3T Philips Achieva scanner. Both global morphometry and tract‐specific analyses were then performed across all cervical levels. Between‐group comparisons were assessed using nonparametric tests. Results In the patient group, mean age and disease duration were 62.9 ± 9.3 and 9.3 ± 4.0, respectively. Compared to controls, patients had remarkable SC cross‐sectional area reduction along all cervical levels but anteroposterior flattening only in the lower cervical levels. There was also prominent SC gray matter atrophy. Diffusivity abnormalities were identified in the dorsal columns but not in the lateral corticospinal tracts. Disease severity did not correlate with these imaging parameters. Conclusion SC damage is a hallmark of RFC1‐related disorder and characterized by gray as well as white matter involvement. In particular, dorsal columns are severely and diffusely affected. The clinical correlates of these imaging abnormalities still deserve additional investigations. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0885-3185 , 1531-8257
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2041249-6
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