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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatic Hemangioma: Contrast-Enhancement Pattern during the Arterial and Portal Venous Phases of Spiral CT (1999)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 24 (1999), S. 262-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Liver, CT—Liver, neoplasm—Hemangioma.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The objective of the present study was to evaluate contrast-enhancement patterns of hepatic hemangioma according to size during hepatic arterial (30-s delay) and portal venous (65-s delay) phases of spiral computed tomography (CT). During a 10-month-period, 73 patients with 118 hemangiomas underwent two-phase spiral CT examination. The enhancement patterns of tumors were divided into four types based on the attenuation of surrounding liver parenchyma: peripherally nodular high, uniform high, iso, and low. The diameter of the tumors were 〈10 mm (n= 39), 11–20 mm (n= 33), and 〉21 mm (n= 46). Overall, the most common enhancement patterns of hemangioma were peripherally nodular high (66/118, 55.9%) during the arterial and portal venous phases. The second most common contrast-enhancement patterns of hemangioma were uniform high (15/118, 12.7%) during the arterial and portal venous phases. In tumors smaller than 20 mm, 11 (9.3%) had low-low attenuation and two (1.7%) had iso-low attenuation during the arterial and portal venous phases, respectively. In conclusion, at two-phase spiral CT, the most common contrast-enhancement patterns of hemangioma are peripherally nodular high and/or uniform high during the arterial and portal venous phases. However, hemangiomas smaller than 2 cm may have atypical enhancing patterns including low and iso-attenuation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900492
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Needle-tract implantation in hepatocellular carcinoma: frequency and CT findings after biopsy with a 19.5-gauge automated biopsy gun (2000)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 25 (2000), S. 246-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Liver neoplasms—Biopsies, percutaneous—Biopsies, complications—Computed tomography.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Needle-tract implantation is an important complication of cutting biopsy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study was performed to evaluate the frequency of needle-tract implantation after ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous biopsy of HCC and to describe triple-phase helical computed tomographic (CT) findings of implanted nodules. Methods: Between April 1994 and December 1997, 205 patients underwent US-guided percutaneous biopsy for HCC. Review of medical records and the pathology database disclosed seven patients who were found to have needle-tract implantation of HCC. Among these patients, five underwent triple-phase helical CT examination. We analyzed the frequency of needle-tract implantation and triple-phase helical CT findings of implanted nodules, with particular attention to the morphology and enhancement pattern. Results: Seven of 205 patients (3.4%) had tumor implantation along the needle tract at histologic examination after surgical resection. Eight implanted nodules in five patients were found on triple-phase helical CT images (one nodule in three patients, two nodules in one patient, and three nodules in one patient). All implanted nodules has well-circumscribed margins and were ovoid or lobulated in contour. On triple-phase helical CT, six (75%) implanted nodules were isodense compared with abdominal wall muscle on all triple-phase CTs, and two (25%) nodules were hyperdense on hepatic arterial and portal venous phases and isodense on equilibrium phase. Conclusions: The frequency of needle-tract implantation of HCC after percutaneous needle biopsy was higher than reported previously, and careful attention should be paid during interpretation of CT images in patients with a history of previous percutaneous biopsy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002610000025
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catalytic utilization of carbon dioxide to polymer blends via cyclic carbonate (1998)
    Springer
    Reaction kinetics and catalysis letters 65 (1998), S. 219-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2837
    Keywords: Carbon dioxide ; catalytic utilization ; cyclic carbonate ; polymer blends
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In the present study, the synthesis of bis(cyclic carbonate) from carbon dioxide and bisphenol A (or bisphenol S)-diglycidyl ether was investigated using quaternary ammonium salts as catalyst. Among the salts tested, the one having a larger alkyl group and more nucleophilic counter anion exhibited a better catalytic activity. Poly(hydroxyurethane)s were prepared by the polyaddition reaction of bis(cyclic carbonate) and diamine. The poly(hydroxyurethane) has shown higher thermal stability than conventional polyurethane, and is expected as novel reactive polyurethane. The miscibility of blends containing poly(hydroxyurethena) and poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile)(SAN) has been also studied by the optical clarity method and DSC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02475256
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