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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enantioselektive Synthese von α-substituierten N-Methyl-sulfonamiden. Vorläufige MitteilungHerrn Kollegen R. W. Hoffmann anlässlich seines 65. Geburtstags gewidmet (1998)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 81 (1998), S. 1329-1336 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The first asymmetric α-alkylations of lithiated sulfonamides bearing the chirality information within the amine moiety under high asymmetric inductions (de 83-95%) are described. Racemization-free acidic hydrolysis led to the title compounds 11 in acceptable overall yields and with high enantiomeric purity (ee 91- ≥ 98%; Scheme 2). As a novel chiral auxiliary, the primary amine (S,S)-or (R,R)-2 was synthesized employing the classical Erlenmeyer phenylserine synthesis (Scheme 1).
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19980810543
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
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    Use of Microwave Radiometry to Estimate Precipitation: Physical Basis and Intercomparison of Algorithms (1994)
    Springer
    In:  In: Global Precipitations and Climate Change. , ed. by Desbois, M. and Desalmand, F. NATO ASI Series, 26 . Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 249-264. ISBN 978-3-642-79270-0
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: The application of microwave radiometry for rainfall estimation is discussed. The first part presents a description of processes by which hydrometeors affect microwave radiation. In order to show the state-of-art of rainfall estimation with space-borne microwave radiometry five algorithms are intercompared in the second part. Two are based on scattering, one on emission and two are mixed algorithms, which include both emission and scattering. The algorithms are applied to SSM/I observations over the Atlantic Ocean. The retrieved rainfall rates by the different algorithms partly differ a great deal. The differences depend on climatic regions, demonstrating that the algorithms are probably tuned to certain atmospheric conditions. The question arises whether a globally applicable algorithm is possible at all. A severe problem is the validation of the retrieved precipitation because hardly any direct observations are available. Thus an intercomparison of algorithms is today the only way to understand the behaviour of a scheme in different weather and climate situations and assess its results.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-79268-7_15
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    OceanRep: Book chapter
  • 3
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    Increase in liver stiffness after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt is associated with inflammation and predicts mortality (2017)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-24
    Description: Objective : Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) efficiently treats complications of portal hypertension. Liver and spleen stiffness might predict clinically significant portal hypertension. This prospective study investigated liver stiffness in patients receiving TIPS regardless of indication. Design : Of 83 included patients, 16 underwent TE immediately before and 30 minutes after TIPS (acute group), while 67 patients received shear wave elastography (SWE) of liver and spleen one day before and seven days after TIPS (chronic group) and were followed further. In blood samples obtained before TIPS from cubital, portal and hepatic veins, interleukins (IL) (IL1b, IL6, IL8, IL10, IL18) and interferon gamma were analyzed. Results : In 27 patients (five acute, 22 chronic), it resulted in an increase in liver stiffness of more than 10%. In 56 patients, liver stiffness decreased or remained unchanged (〈10%). Importantly, spleen stiffness measured by SWE decreased in all patients (chronic group). None of the clinical or laboratory parameters differed between patients with increase in liver stiffness and those without. Of note, patients with increased liver stiffness showed higher overall and/or hepatic venous levels of proinflammatory cytokines at TIPS and higher incidence of organ failure and worse survival after TIPS. CRP values and increase of more than 10% in liver stiffness after TIPS were the only independent predictors of mortality in these patients. Conclusion : This study demonstrates for the first time that presence of systemic inflammation predisposes patients to develop increased liver stiffness after TIPS, a predictor of organ failure and death (NCT03072615). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0270-9139
    Electronic ISSN: 1527-3350
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.
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  • 4
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    Fat-free muscle mass in magnetic resonance imaging predicts acute-on-chronic liver failure and survival in decompensated cirrhosis (2017)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-24
    Description: BACKGROUND: Muscle mass seems to be a prognostic marker in patients with liver cirrhosis. However, reported methods to quantify muscle mass are heterogeneous, consented cut-off values are missing and most studies used computed tomography (CT). This study evaluated fat-free muscle area as a marker of sarcopenia using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in decompensated cirrhotic patients with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). METHODS: The total erector spinae muscle area and the intramuscular fat tissue area were measured and subtracted to calculate the fat-free muscle area (FFMA) in 116 cirrhotic patients with TIPS and MRI. The training cohort of 71 patients compared CT-measured transversal psoas muscle thickness (TPMT) with FFMA. In 15 patients, MRI was performed before and after TIPS, and in 12 patients, follistatin serum measurements were carried out. The results on FFMA were confirmed in a validation cohort of 45 patients. RESULTS: FFMA correlated with follistatin and TPMT and showed slightly better association with survival than TPMT. Gender-specific cut-off values for FFMA were determined for sarcopenia. Decompensation (ascites, overt hepatic encephalopathy) persisted after TIPS in the sarcopenia group but resolved in the non-sarcopenia group. Sarcopenic patients showed no clinical improvement after TIPS as well as higher mortality, mainly due to development of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). FFMA was an independent predictor of survival in these patients. CONCLUSION: This study offers an easy to apply MRI-based measurement of fat-free muscle mass as a marker of sarcopenia in decompensated patients. While TIPS might improve sarcopenia and thereby survival, persistence of sarcopenia after TIPS is associated with a reduced response to TIPS and a higher risk of ACLF development and mortality. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0270-9139
    Electronic ISSN: 1527-3350
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.
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  • 5
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    In Situ Hydrogenation and Crystal Chemistry Studies of Co2Si type compounds MgPd2 and Pd2Zn (2018)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-24
    Description: The hydrogenation properties of the intermetallic compounds MgPd2 and Pd2Zn, crystallizing in the Co2Si type, were studied by in situ thermal analysis (DSC) under hydrogen pressure. Pd2Zn does not show any reaction with hydrogen while MgPd2 reversibly forms the hydride MgPd2H. Neutron diffraction on the deuterides reveal the compositions MgPd2D0.861(6) (ambient) and MgPd2D0.97(1) (308(2) K, 2.56(5) MPa deuterium) with hydrogen (deuterium) occupying distorted [MgPd5] octahedral voids. Quantum mechanical calculations support the structure models and show the hydrogenation to be exergonic for MgPd2 and endergonic for Pd2Zn. MgPd2H releases hydrogen under normal conditions or vacuum. Heating under hydrogen pressure leads first reversibly to MgPd2H≈0.2 and subsequently irreversibly to MgPd3H≈1 and MgH2. MgPd2, Pd2Zn and MgPd2H were classified in a structure map. Trends of axial ratio changes upon hydrogenation of TiNiSi type and ZrBeSi type compounds are discussed.
    Print ISSN: 0044-2313
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-3749
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 6
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    Utility of computed diffusion-weighted MRI for predicting aggressiveness of prostate cancer (2017)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-03
    Description: Purpose To investigate the value of computed (c) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in assessing prostate cancer aggressiveness. Materials and Methods Fifty-five patients with peripheral zone prostate cancer who underwent prebiopsy 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging (including native DWI at b -values of 0 and 1000 s/mm 2 ) were included. cDWI signal intensities of peripheral zone prostate cancer and nonmalignant prostate tissue were measured. Association between changes in monoexponentially calculated cDWI signals according to different b -values and primary Gleason grades were assessed. Results The cDWI signal intensity of prostate cancer was lower at b  = 0 s/mm 2 and higher at b  = 1000 s/mm 2 compared to nonmalignant prostate tissue. The b -value at which the signal intensities of prostate cancer and nonmalignant prostate tissue were equal was defined as the “iso- b -value.” On multivariate analysis, only the iso- b -value was a significant predictor of primary Gleason grade 4/5 cancer ( P  = 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) of the iso- b -value for diagnosing primary Gleason grade 4/5 cancer was 0.94, and significantly higher than that of the tumor apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value with an AUC of 0.68 ( P  〈 0.001). Conclusion cDWI with iso- b -value-based semiquantitative analysis was found to be useful for predicting the aggressiveness of prostate cancer and may potentially outperform tumor ADC measurements in this setting. Level of Evidence: 3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017
    Print ISSN: 1053-1807
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-2586
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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