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  • Springer  (12)
  • The American Physiological Society (APS)  (10)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computed insulin profiles for normalization of glycemia in diabetic patients (1983)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 45 (1983), S. 739-748 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The objective of this preliminary study was to develop a new quantitative method of setting the initial insulin infusion patterns in treatment of diabetic patients. The method is based upon the mathematical estimation of the insulin profile required to maintain the glucose level within the normal range after glucose loading in diabetic patients. Using our previously developed equivalent circuit model of glucose kinetics and the reported data of an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) in two groups of normal and diabetic patients, two important physiological parameters of the model (the peripheral tissue's insulin resistivity and the hepatic sensitivity to glucose level) were computed for two clinical groups. Then the insulin profile was obtained by computing the plasma insulin concentrations required to keep the total glucose utilization rate of the tissue and the liver in the diabetic group equal to that of the normal group. The simulation result indicated that the computed insulin profile produced a plasma glucose profile which was more closely matched to the normal group's glucose profile than with the case of emulating the normal group's insulin profile in the diabetic group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02460046
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raman spectroscopy of macroscopic defects of GaAs grown by molecular beam epitaxy (1993)
    Springer
    Applied physics 56 (1993), S. 571-574 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 78.30 ; 68.55 ; 61.70
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Macroscopic defects of the GaAs surface grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) have been investigated by using a micro-probing method of Raman spectroscopy. Especially, the oval defects, the most common macroscopic defects in MBE GaAs, were focused in this study. In Raman spectroscopy for the oval defect on the (100)GaAs surface, TO phonon mode of the 269 cm−1 peak was observed. This indicates that the oval defects can include the (111) growth direction or the amorphized surface. The TO/LO intensity ratios for the defects are in the range from 0.3 to 1.0. In the sample grown under the condition that the substrate temperature is 580° C with the As/Ga ratio of 20, the density of the oval defects is about 200 cm−2 at a growth thickness of 5 μm. With increasing thickness of the epilayer, the density and the size of the α-tye oval defect increased, while the TO/LO ratio decreased. From the spatial measurement by Raman spectroscopy for the α-type oval defect, it is supposed that the α-type oval defect remains in a rather good crystalline state and its orientation along the (100) growth direction is much closer to the (111) direction, but the growth direction of the defect might tend toward the (100) direction with a thicker layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331407
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short stature in Korean women: a contribution to the multifactorial predisposition to gestational diabetes mellitus (1998)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 41 (1998), S. 778-783 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Short stature ; gestational diabetes mellitus ; prevalence ; heterogeneity.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We examined the associations between demographic characteristics including short stature and the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Korean women. In this study, a total of 9005 pregnant women underwent universal screening for GDM. Oral glucose tolerance tests (100 g OGTT) were performed in positive screenees (1 h plasma glucose ≥ 7.2 mmol/l) and GDM was diagnosed using National Diabetes Data Group criteria. Women with GDM were older and heavier than those with a positive screen and normal OGTT, as well as those with a negative screen. However, height of women with GDM was significantly shorter than those with a positive screen and normal OGTT, and a negative screen. When the study subjects were stratified according to height quartiles, the plasma glucose at the screening test decreased as height increased. Furthermore, the prevalence of GDM was highest in the shortest quartile ( ≤ 157 cm) group; the odds ratio for GDM was two times greater compared with the highest quartile ( ≥ 163 cm) group, even after controlling for age and body mass index (BMI). In addition, multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that greater prepregnancy BMI, age, weight gain, a parental history of diabetes mellitus, and shorter maternal height were directly and independently associated with the prevalence of GDM. We have found that short stature is an independent risk factor for GDM in the racially homogenous population of Seoul, Korea. It is suggested that this propensity may be conveyed primarily by environmental influences. However, genetic factors may also modify the response to the environmental insult. Our findings also emphasize the heterogeneity of factors which predispose to GDM. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 778–783]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050987
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatic Hemangioma: Contrast-Enhancement Pattern during the Arterial and Portal Venous Phases of Spiral CT (1999)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 24 (1999), S. 262-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Liver, CT—Liver, neoplasm—Hemangioma.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The objective of the present study was to evaluate contrast-enhancement patterns of hepatic hemangioma according to size during hepatic arterial (30-s delay) and portal venous (65-s delay) phases of spiral computed tomography (CT). During a 10-month-period, 73 patients with 118 hemangiomas underwent two-phase spiral CT examination. The enhancement patterns of tumors were divided into four types based on the attenuation of surrounding liver parenchyma: peripherally nodular high, uniform high, iso, and low. The diameter of the tumors were 〈10 mm (n= 39), 11–20 mm (n= 33), and 〉21 mm (n= 46). Overall, the most common enhancement patterns of hemangioma were peripherally nodular high (66/118, 55.9%) during the arterial and portal venous phases. The second most common contrast-enhancement patterns of hemangioma were uniform high (15/118, 12.7%) during the arterial and portal venous phases. In tumors smaller than 20 mm, 11 (9.3%) had low-low attenuation and two (1.7%) had iso-low attenuation during the arterial and portal venous phases, respectively. In conclusion, at two-phase spiral CT, the most common contrast-enhancement patterns of hemangioma are peripherally nodular high and/or uniform high during the arterial and portal venous phases. However, hemangiomas smaller than 2 cm may have atypical enhancing patterns including low and iso-attenuation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900492
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Needle-tract implantation in hepatocellular carcinoma: frequency and CT findings after biopsy with a 19.5-gauge automated biopsy gun (2000)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 25 (2000), S. 246-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Liver neoplasms—Biopsies, percutaneous—Biopsies, complications—Computed tomography.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Needle-tract implantation is an important complication of cutting biopsy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study was performed to evaluate the frequency of needle-tract implantation after ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous biopsy of HCC and to describe triple-phase helical computed tomographic (CT) findings of implanted nodules. Methods: Between April 1994 and December 1997, 205 patients underwent US-guided percutaneous biopsy for HCC. Review of medical records and the pathology database disclosed seven patients who were found to have needle-tract implantation of HCC. Among these patients, five underwent triple-phase helical CT examination. We analyzed the frequency of needle-tract implantation and triple-phase helical CT findings of implanted nodules, with particular attention to the morphology and enhancement pattern. Results: Seven of 205 patients (3.4%) had tumor implantation along the needle tract at histologic examination after surgical resection. Eight implanted nodules in five patients were found on triple-phase helical CT images (one nodule in three patients, two nodules in one patient, and three nodules in one patient). All implanted nodules has well-circumscribed margins and were ovoid or lobulated in contour. On triple-phase helical CT, six (75%) implanted nodules were isodense compared with abdominal wall muscle on all triple-phase CTs, and two (25%) nodules were hyperdense on hepatic arterial and portal venous phases and isodense on equilibrium phase. Conclusions: The frequency of needle-tract implantation of HCC after percutaneous needle biopsy was higher than reported previously, and careful attention should be paid during interpretation of CT images in patients with a history of previous percutaneous biopsy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002610000025
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of a potential Marek's disease virus serotype 2 glycoprotein D gene with homology to herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 141 (1996), S. 2207-2216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The gene of Marek's disease virus (MDV) serotype 2 (MDV2) homologous to glycoprotein D (gD) of herpes simplex virus (HSV) was identified and characterized by its nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences. The MDV2 gD homologous gene contains an open reading frame capable of specifying a polypeptide of 385 amino acids, which include N- and C-terminal hydrophobic domains consistent with signal and anchor regions, respectively, and two potential N-linked glycosylation sites, one of which was located in a highly conserved region when compared to MDV serotype 1 (MDV1) and herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT). By northern blot analysis using a MDV2 gD-specific DNA probe, two highly abundant polycistronic 6.0 and 4.2 kb transcripts were detected in MDV2-infected cells. The genes encoding MDV2 protein kinase (PK), gD, and glycoprotein I (gI) homologues are transcribed to form 3′ coterminal mRNAs of 6.0 kb (encoding PK, gD and gI) and 4.2 kb (encoding gD and gI), respectively. By using rapid amplification cDNA end (RACE) method, several RNA start sites, to be thought those of the 4.2 kb mRNA, were detected in the upstream of MDV2 gD homologue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01718226
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of the products of the equine herpesvirus type 4 gI and gE genes (2000)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 145 (2000), S. 1489-1496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  In order to identify the products of the equine herpesvirus type 4 (EHV-4) gI and gE genes, we have constructed recombinant vaccinia viruses containing the putative gI or gE genes. These recombinant viruses synthesized EHV-4 gI and gE with apparent molecular masses of 75 and 80 kDa, respectively. Antibodies raised against both recombinant viruses detected a 75 kDa gI and a 95 kDa gE in EHV-4-infected cells. The results also suggest that the EHV-4 gI and gE would form a complex like in other herpesviruses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050070106
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transcriptional analyses of the region of the equine herpesvirus type 4 genome encoding glycoproteins I and E (1999)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 144 (1999), S. 613-620 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  To map the transcripts encoding the equine herpesvirus type 4 (EHV-4) glycoproteins I (gI) and E (gE), transcriptional analyses were performed at the right part of the unique short segment of EHV-4 genome. The results revealed that the gI gene is encoded by a 1.6-kb transcript which is 3′ coterminal with a 3.0-kb gD mRNA while the gE gene is encoded by two transcripts of 3.5- and 2.4-kb in size. The transcriptional patterns described in this study for the EHV-4 gI and gE are similar to those found in the equivalent region of herpes simplex virus type 1 and feline herpesvirus type 1. Characterization of EHV-4 gI and gE glycoprotein genes may facilitate future studies to define their roles in the EHV-4 infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050529
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The chemical composition of a metal/ceramic interface on an atomic scale: The Cu/MgO {111} interface (1993)
    Springer
    Interface science 1 (1993), S. 61-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2746
    Keywords: Metal/ceramic interface ; internal oxidation ; Cu/MgO heterophase interface ; high resolution electron microscopy ; atom-probe field-ion microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The chemical composition profile across a Cu/MgO {111}-type heterophase interface, produced by the internal oxidation of a Cu(Mg) single-phase alloy at 1173 K, is measured via atom-probe field-ion microscopy with a spatial resolution of 0.121 nm; this resolution is equal to the interplanar spacing of the {222} MgO planes. In particular, we demonstrate directly that the bonding across a Cu/MgO {111}-type heterophase interface, along a 〈111〉 direction common to both the Cu matrix and an MgO precipitate, has the sequence Cu|O|Mg... and not Cu|Mg|O...; this result is achieved without any deconvolution of the experimental data. Before determining this chemical sequence, it was established, via high-resolution electron microscopy, that the morphology of an MgO precipitate in a Cu matrix is an octahedron faceted on {111} planes with a cube-on-cube relationship between a precipitate and the matrix; that is, {111}Cu//{222}MgO and 〈110〉Cu // 〈110〉MgO.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203266
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lyotropic effect in surface charge, electrokinetics, and coagulation of a rutile dispersion (1994)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 272 (1994), S. 554-561 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Coagulation ; electrokinetics ; interfacial layer ; lyotropic effect ; rutile
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Potentiometric, electrokinetic, and coagulation experiments with a rutile dispersion in the pH region above the point of zero charge exhibit an “inverse” lyotropic sequence for counterions: Li+〉K+〉Cs+. The potentiometric and electrokinetic data were interpreted by a surface complexation model assuming the Stern-Gouy-Chapman structure of the interfacial layer, which yielded the values of inner layer capacitances,C, and the intrinsic equilibrium constants,K ass 0 , characterizing the specificity of each counterion. These parameters were used to explain the order of lyotropic sequences in the adsorption, coagulation, and electrokinetic phenomena.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00653221
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