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  • SAGE Publications  (3)
  • 1
    In: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, SAGE Publications, Vol. 34, No. 8 ( 2014-08), p. 1373-1380
    Abstract: Until recently, no direct comparison between [ 15 O]water positron emission tomography (PET) and arterial spin labeling (ASL) for measuring cerebral blood flow (CBF) was possible. With the introduction of integrated, hybrid magnetic resonance (MR)-PET scanners, such a comparison becomes feasible. This study presents results of CBF measurements recorded simultaneously with [ 15 O]water and ASL. A 3T MR-BrainPET scanner was used for the simultaneous acquisition of pseudo-continuous ASL (pCASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and [ 15 O]water PET. Quantitative CBF values were compared in 10 young healthy male volunteers at baseline conditions. A statistically significant ( P 〈 0.05) correlation was observed between the two modalities; the whole-brain CBF values determined with PET and pCASL were 43.3 ±6.1 mL and 51.9 ± 7.1 mL per 100 g per minute, respectively. The gray/white matter (GM/WM) ratio of CBF was 3.0 for PET and 3.4 for pCASL. A paired t-test revealed differences in regional CBF between ASL and PET with higher ASL-CBF than PET-CBF values in cortical areas. Using an integrated, hybrid MR-PET a direct simultaneous comparison between ASL and [ 15 O]water PET became possible for the first time so that temporal, physiologic, and functional variations were avoided. Regional and individual differences were found despite the overall similarity between ASL and PET, requiring further detailed investigations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0271-678X , 1559-7016
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2039456-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2010
    In:  Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Vol. 36, No. 1 ( 2010-01), p. 82-96
    In: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, SAGE Publications, Vol. 36, No. 1 ( 2010-01), p. 82-96
    Abstract: Need for cognition (NFC) refers to an individual’s tendency to engage in and enjoy effortful cognitive processing. So far, little attention has been paid to a systematic evaluation of the distinctiveness of NFC from traits with similar conceptualization and from intelligence. The present research contributes to filling this gap by examining the relation of NFC to well-established personality concepts (Study 1) and to a comprehensive measure of intelligence in a sample with broad educational backgrounds (Study 2). We observed NFC to be positively correlated with openness, emotional stability, and traits indicating goal orientation. Using confirmatory factor analysis and event-related potentials, incremental validity of NFC and openness to ideas was demonstrated, showing that NFC is more predictive of drive-related and goal-oriented behavior and attentional resource allocation. Regarding intelligence, NFC was more associated with fluid than with crystallized aspects of intelligence. Altogether, the results provide strong support for the conceptual autonomy of NFC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0146-1672 , 1552-7433
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2047603-6
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2008
    In:  Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Vol. 34, No. 6 ( 2008-06), p. 862-874
    In: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, SAGE Publications, Vol. 34, No. 6 ( 2008-06), p. 862-874
    Abstract: Need for cognition (NFC) refers to stable individual differences in the intrinsic motivation to engage in and enjoy effortful cognitive endeavors and has been a useful predictor of dispositional differences in information processing. Although cognitive resource allocation conceptualized as cognitive effort is assumed to be the key mediator of NFC-specific processing, to date no research has systematically addressed its underpinnings. Using a neurocognitive paradigm and recording event-related potentials associated with bottom-up and top-down-driven aspects of attention, the present research contributes to filling this gap. In Study 1, high-NFC individuals showed larger P3a amplitudes to contextually novel events, indicating greater involuntary (automatic) attention allocation. This effect was replicated in Study 2, where NFC also was positively correlated with the P3b to target stimuli, indicating voluntary (controlled) processes of attention allocation. Thus, our findings provide first evidence for neurophysiological correlates of NFC and can improve the understanding of NFC-specific processing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0146-1672 , 1552-7433
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2047603-6
    SSG: 5,2
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
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