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  • 1
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    Pan-arctic depth distribution of diapausing Calanus copepods (2020)
    University of Chicago Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © University of Chicago, 2019. This article is posted here by permission of University of Chicago for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Biological Bulletin 237(2), (2019): 76-89, doi: 10.1086/704694.
    Description: Diapause at depth is considered an integral part of the life cycle of Calanus copepods, but few studies have focused on the Arctic species Calanus glacialis and Calanus hyperboreus. By analyzing a large set of pan-arctic observational data compiled from multiple sources, we show that Arctic Calanus has a broad depth distribution in winter, indicating that diapause at depth is a facultative strategy. Both species’ vertical distributions tend to deepen in winter and to be deeper and broader with increasing bottom depth, while individuals are aggregated closer to the sea floor in shallow areas. These results indicate that Arctic Calanus species pursue a relatively deep diapause habitat but are topographically blocked on the shelves. Interspecific differences in depth distribution during diapause suggest the importance of predation. The larger C. hyperboreus has a deeper diapause depth than C. glacialis, potentially to alleviate predation pressure or as a result of predation loss near the surface. Moreover, the mean depth of C. hyperboreus in winter is negatively associated with latitude, indicating a shoaling of the diapause population in the central Arctic Ocean where predation pressure is lower. Our results suggest a complex diapause behavior by Arctic Calanus, with implications for our view of the species’ roles in Arctic ecosystems.
    Description: KØK was supported by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution John H. Steele Postdoctoral Scholar award and the VISTA Scholarship (http://www.vista.no). We are grateful to Sigrún Jonasdóttir, Susan Mills, Imme Rutzen, Russ Hopcroft, Peter Munk, and Rasmus Swalethorp for kindly sharing observational data. We would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for insightful and constructive suggestions that helped us improve the manuscript.
    Description: 2020-09-17
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 2
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    Rapid climate-driven circulation changes threaten conservation of endangered North Atlantic right whales. (2019)
    Oceanography Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in [citation], doi:[doi]. Record, N. R., Runge, J. A., Pendleton, D. E., Balch, W. M., Davies, K. T. A., Pershing, A. J., Johnson, C. L., Stamieszkin, K., Ji, R., Feng, Z., Kraus, S. D., Kenney, R. D., Hudak, C. A., Mayo, C. A., Chen, C., Salisbury, J. E., & Thompson, C. R. S. Rapid climate-driven circulation changes threaten conservation of endangered North Atlantic right whales. Oceanography, 32(2), (2019): 162-169, doi: 10.5670/oceanog.2019.201.
    Description: As climate trends accelerate, ecosystems will be pushed rapidly into new states, reducing the potential efficacy of conservation strategies based on historical patterns. In the Gulf of Maine, climate-driven changes have restructured the ecosystem rapidly over the past decade. Changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation have altered deepwater dynamics, driving warming rates twice as high as the fastest surface rates. This has had implications for the copepod Calanus finmarchicus, a critical food supply for the endangered North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis). The oceanographic changes have driven a deviation in the seasonal foraging patterns of E. glacialis upon which conservation strategies depend, making the whales more vulnerable to ship strikes and gear entanglements. The effects of rapid climate-driven changes on a species at risk undermine current management approaches.
    Description: NASA NNX14AM77G and NNX17AI77G (NRR, WMB), NASA NNX16AG59G (NRR, KS), NSF OCE 1459096, 1459087 (NRR, JAR, CRST, CC), NSF OCE 1459133 (RJ, ZF), OCE-1655686 (RJ, ZF), USGS G16AC00237 (DEP), Maine Department of Marine Resources (JR, CRST), Marine Environmental Observation Prediction and Response Network of Centres of Excellence (KTAD). NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service; Massachusetts Environmental Trust; Division of Marine Fisheries, Commonwealth of Massachusetts (CH, CAM), Northeastern Regional Association of Coastal Ocean Observing Systems (CC).
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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