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  • PANGAEA  (19)
  • Nature Research  (1)
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  • 1
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    Disproportionately strong climate forcing from extratropical explosive volcanic eruptions (2019)
    Nature Research
    In:  Nature Geoscience, 12 (2). pp. 100-107.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Extratropical volcanic eruptions are commonly thought to be less effective at driving large-scale surface cooling than tropical eruptions. However, recent minor extratropical eruptions have produced a measurable climate impact, and proxy records suggest that the most extreme Northern Hemisphere cold period of the Common Era was initiated by an extratropical eruption in 536 CE. Using ice-core-derived volcanic stratospheric sulfur injections and Northern Hemisphere summer temperature reconstructions from tree rings, we show here that in proportion to their estimated stratospheric sulfur injection, extratropical explosive eruptions since 750 CE have produced stronger hemispheric cooling than tropical eruptions. Stratospheric aerosol simulations demonstrate that for eruptions with a sulfur injection magnitude and height equal to that of the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption, extratropical eruptions produce time-integrated radiative forcing anomalies over the Northern Hemisphere extratropics up to 80% greater than tropical eruptions, as decreases in aerosol lifetime are overwhelmed by the enhanced radiative impact associated with the relative confinement of aerosol to a single hemisphere. The model results are consistent with the temperature reconstructions, and elucidate how the radiative forcing produced by extratropical eruptions is strongly dependent on the eruption season and sulfur injection height within the stratosphere.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1038/s41561-018-0286-2
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Annual record of black carbon (rBC), bismuth, lead and others from 1741 to 2015 AD from Colle Gnifetti ice core (Swiss/Italian Alps) (2018)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Keywords: Age; AGE; Ammonium; Bismuth; Black carbon; Calcium; Colle_Gnifetti_composite; Colle Gnifetti, Monte Rosa, Swiss Alps; COMPCORE; Composite Core; ICP-Q-MS; Inductively coupled plasma-quadrupole-mass spectrometry; Ion chromatography; Lead; Nitrate; Sodium; SP2 soot photometry; Sulfate
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2977 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Record of black carbon (rBC), bismuth, lead and others from 1741 to 2015 AD from Colle Gnifetti ice cores GC15 and GC03B (Swiss/Italian Alps) (2018)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Keywords: Age; AGE; Ammonium; Black carbon; Calcium; CG03B; CG15; Colle_Gnifetti_CG03B; Colle_Gnifetti_CG15; Colle Gnifetti, Monte Rosa, Swiss Alps; DEPTH, ice/snow; Depth water equivalent; Event label; ICEDRILL; Ice drill; Ion chromatography; Nitrate; Sodium; SP2 soot photometry; Sulfate
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 15189 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Volcanic synchronization GISP2 versus NEEM(2011-S1) on the NS1-2011 timescale (2019)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-25
    Description: The core depths for GISP2 and the NEEM(2011S1) ice cores for 92 common volcanic deposition events derived from volcanic synchronization of the GISP2 sulphate record against the NEEM(2011-S1) sulphur ice-core record on the NS1-2011 timescale. See Figs. S1-S3, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-809-2017-supplement.
    Keywords: aerosols; Age; Age model; chronology; Common Era; DEPTH, ice/snow; Depth, reference; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; GISP; GISP2; Greenland; Ice core; NEEM; Sampling/drilling ice; Tie point; volcanism
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 372 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Black carbon (rBC), bismuth, lead and others from 1741 to 2015 AD from Colle Gnifetti ice core (Swiss/Italian Alps) (2018)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Sigl, Michael; Abram, Nerilie J; Gabrieli, Jacopo; Jenk, Theo M; Osmont, Dimitri; Schwikowski, Margit (2018): 19th century glacier retreat in the Alps preceded the emergence of industrial black carbon deposition on high-alpine glaciers. The Cryosphere, 12(10), 3311-3331, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3311-2018
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-20
    Description: We present sub-annually resolved concentration records of refractory black carbon (rBC; using soot photometry) as well as distinctive tracers for mineral dust (calcium, sulfate, sodium), biomass burning (ammonium) and industrial pollution (lead, bismuth, ammonium, nitrate) from the Colle Gnifetti (4450 m asl; 45.932°N, 7.876°E) ice core in the Alps from 1741-2015 AD. The data is a composite of two ice cores: CG03B drilled in 2003; CG15 drilled in 2015 at the same site.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    HolVol: Reconstructed volcanic stratospheric sulfur injections and aerosol optical depth for the Holocene (9500 BCE to 1900 CE) (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-20
    Description: Based on a set of continuous sulfate records from a suite of ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica, the HolVol v.1.0 database includes estimates of the magnitudes and approximate source latitudes of major volcanic stratospheric sulfur injection (VSSI) events for the Holocene (from 9500 BCE or 11500 year BP to 1900 CE), constituting an extension of the previous record by 7000 years. The database incorporates new-generation ice-core aerosol records with sub-annual temporal resolution and demonstrated sub-decadal dating accuracy and precision. By tightly aligning and stacking the ice-core records on the WD2014 chronology from Antarctica we resolve long-standing previous inconsistencies in the dating of ancient volcanic eruptions that arise from biased (i.e. dated too old) ice-core chronologies over the Holocene for Greenland. A long-term latitudinally and monthly resolved stratospheric aerosol optical depth (SAOD) time series is reconstructed from the HolVol VSSI estimates, representing the first such reconstruction Holocene-scale reconstruction constrained by Greenland and Antarctica ice cores. These new long-term reconstructions of past VSSI and SAOD variability confirm evidence from regional volcanic eruption chronologies (e.g., from Iceland) in showing that the early Holocene (9500-7000 BCE) experienced a higher number of volcanic eruptions (+16%) and cumulative VSSI (+86%) compared to the past 2,500 years. This increase is coinciding with then rapidly retreating ice sheets during deglaciation, providing context for potential future increases of volcanic activity in regions under projected glacier melting in the 21st century.
    Keywords: aerosol optical depth; Binary Object; Binary Object (File Size); climate; climate forcing; Holocene; ice cores; Stratosphere; stratospheric aerosol; sulfate aerosol; Volcanic aerosol
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Annual-resolved non-sea-salt sulfur concentrations from four Greenland ice-core stack, 1731 and 1996 CE (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: Annual-resolved non-sea-salt sulfur concentrations from a four ice-core stack, NEEM-2011-S1 (Sigl et al., 2013), NGRIP1 (Plummer et al., 2012), TUNU2013 (Sigl et al., 2015) and B19, between 1731 and 1996 CE including volcanic samples and with volcanic samples replaced by a 11-year running median.
    Keywords: Age; AGE; B19; Greenland; Ice core; ICEDRILL; Ice drill; Iceland; medieval climate anomaly; NEEM-2011-S1; NGRIP1; ngt19C93.2; NorthGreenlandTraverse; NorthGRIP; Sampling/drilling from ice; sulfate; Sulfur; Sulfur, non-sea-salt; Tunu13; TUNU2013; volcanic activity; Volcanic aerosol
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 797 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Annual-resolved sulfur and non-sea-salt sulfur concentrations and inferred volcanic sulfate deposition rates from six Greenland ice cores, 699-1002 CE (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: Annual-resolved sulfur and non-sea-salt sulfur concentrations and inferred volcanic sulfate deposition rates from the six ice cores NEEM-2011-S1 (Sigl et al., 2013), NGRIP1 (Plummer et al., 2012), NGRIP2 (McConnell et al., 2018), TUNU2013 (Sigl et al., 2015) and B19 between 699 and 1001 CE.
    Keywords: Age; AGE; B19; Deposition of sulfate, volcanic; EastGRIP; EGRIP; Greenland; Ice core; ICEDRILL; Ice drill; Iceland; medieval climate anomaly; NEEM-2011-S1; NGRIP1; NGRIP2; ngt19C93.2; NorthGreenlandTraverse; NorthGRIP; Sampling/drilling from ice; sulfate; Sulfur; Sulfur, non-sea-salt; Tunu13; TUNU2013; volcanic activity; Volcanic aerosol
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4438 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Annual-resolved volcanic sulfate deposition rates from two Greenland ice cores, 699-1002 CE (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: Annual-resolved previously published volcanic sulfate deposition rates from two ice cores NEEM-2011-S1 (Sigl et al., 2013) and NGRIP1 (Plummer et al., 2012) between 699 and 1001 CE.
    Keywords: Age; AGE; Deposition of sulfate, volcanic; Greenland; Ice core; ICEDRILL; Ice drill; Iceland; medieval climate anomaly; NEEM-2011-S1; NGRIP1; NorthGRIP; sulfate; Sulfur; volcanic activity; Volcanic aerosol
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 904 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    EDML ice-core volcanic sulfate concentration and deposition from 78.97 to 79.97 ka BP (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-12
    Description: We present continuous records of ca. 2 cm resolved sulfate concentrations using a Continuous Flow Analysis (CFA) system (Röthlisberger et al., 2000; Severi et al., 2007; Wegner et al., 2015) from the EPICA Dronning Maud Land (EDML; 75.00°S, 00.07°E; 2892 m a.s.l.) ice core and estimated volcanic sulfate mass depositions for the time period 78.97 to 79.97 ka BP on the AICC2012 chronology (Veres et al., 2013) using a common volcanic marker in EDC dated 79.51 ka BP. The reconstruction is based on sulfate measurements employing high-resolution continuous flow analysis coupled to Fast Ion Chromatography. Volcanic eruptions are detected when annual sulfur concentrations exceeded the background concentrations + 4 times the median of the absolute deviation. Background concentrations are estimated using a 101-point running median. Volcanic sulfate deposition rates are calculated by subtracting the background concentrations from total sulfate concentrations using thinning corrected estimates of mean ice accumulation rates at the ice-core site.
    Keywords: Accumulation rate in ice equivalent per year; AGE; Antarctica; Calculated; Calculated, running median; CFA; Continuous Flow Analysis; Corrected; Deposition of sulfate, volcanic; Deposition of sulfate, volcanic, cumulative; DEPTH, ice/snow; EDML; EDRILL; EPICA-Campaigns; EPICA drill; EPICA Dronning Maud Land, DML28C01_00; Ice core; Kohnen Station; sulfate; Sulfate; Sulfate, background; Sulfate, volcanic; sulfate aerosol; sulfate concentrations; volcanic activity; volcanic eruption; volcanism
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 3615 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
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